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Inventions
Special Issues
Emerging Technologies Enabling Smart Grid
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Emerging Technologies Enabling Smart Grid

A special issue of Inventions (ISSN 2411-5134). This special issue belongs to the section "Inventions and Innovation in Electrical Engineering/Energy/Communications".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2018) | Viewed by 58682

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Stefano Rinaldi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Information Engineering, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
Interests: instrumentation and measurement; industrial real-time network; wireless sensor network; smart sensors; communication systems for smart grids; time synchronization; Linux-embedded programming; embedded systems; power quality; smart grids; energy systems; smart building; energy management system; electric vehicles; vehicle-to-vehicle communication
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Emilio Ghiani

E-Mail Website
Co-Guest Editor
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
Interests: smart grids; renewable energy; energy storage devices; energy distribution systems
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Distributed automation architectures are the basis of modern power grids, both at transmission, as well as at distribution, levels. Distributed systems require a pervasive communication infrastructure, covering the entire power grid, from transformer substations down to the end-customer. The integration of automation and communication infrastructure with a power grid is known in the literature as a Smart Grid. The increasing diffusion of Distributed Energy Resources (DER) and electric vehicles requires the deployment of systems for the scheduling and management of energy. Optimal management of the grid requires the adoption of distributed measurement systems, such as power quality meters and phasor measurement units, able to transfer, in real-time, measurement information to the Distribution System Operator (DSO) control center.The aim of this Special Issue is to investigate emerging technologies, which are required in the design and implementation of Smart Grids. This issue welcomes theoretical papers, methodological studies, and empirical research on the design and implementation of Smart Grids, concerning (but not limited to) the application of: Information and communication technologies, cyber-security, distributed power quality system, phasor measurement unit, energy management, demand side management, micro grids, and e-mobility management.

Dr. Stefano Rinaldi
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Inventions is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • communication system for smart grid
  • distributed power quality system
  • cyber-security
  • phasor measurement unit
  • active distribution network
  • smart Metering
  • demand side management
  • micro grid
  • e-mobility management

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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22 pages, 5531 KiB  
Article
Modelling and Feasibility Study on Using Tidal Power with an Energy Storage Utility for Residential Needs
by Gianmaria Giannini
Inventions 2019, 4(1), 11; https://doi.org/10.3390/inventions4010011 - 11 Feb 2019
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 7653
Abstract
Tidal power technology is at its mature stage and large deployments are soon expected. The characteristics of tidal energy and its advantage to be predictable make it an ideal type of resource to be coupled with energy storage facilities. Despite this, most energy [...] Read more.
Tidal power technology is at its mature stage and large deployments are soon expected. The characteristics of tidal energy and its advantage to be predictable make it an ideal type of resource to be coupled with energy storage facilities. Despite this, most energy storage facilities are expensive. The fact that water has a high specific heat capacity makes this a potential cost-effective medium to be used for storing large amounts of thermal energy for balancing renewable energy output. This paper is an investigation on the possible application of integrating hot water reservoirs for storing tidal energy during power output peaks for domestic use. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the major factors incident on the proposed solution and to provide considerations on which real remunerations the proposed idea could bring to communities or to single families. For this purpose, a simplified numerical analysis, concerning three different scenarios, was performed. These scenarios differ by type of buildings and type of thermal energy demand. The study mainly concerns remote communities. Findings indicated that the proposed idea is technically feasible and if applied in the context of residential compounds, this could be more attractive in economic terms. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Technologies Enabling Smart Grid)
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18 pages, 1465 KiB  
Article
An Automated Technique for Extracting Phasors from Protective Relay’s Event Reports
by Sundaravaradan Navalpakkam Ananthan, Alvaro Furlani Bastos, Surya Santoso and Alberto Del Rosso
Inventions 2018, 3(4), 81; https://doi.org/10.3390/inventions3040081 - 13 Dec 2018
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 5542
Abstract
Post-fault event report analysis is a crucial skill set for electric power engineers in the protection industry. This paper serves as a reference which elucidates the preprocessing procedures involved in transforming data present in event reports to phasors that can be used in [...] Read more.
Post-fault event report analysis is a crucial skill set for electric power engineers in the protection industry. This paper serves as a reference which elucidates the preprocessing procedures involved in transforming data present in event reports to phasors that can be used in various post-fault analysis application algorithms. The paper discusses key elements of this process such as interpreting the data and calculating voltage and current phasors from instantaneous sample values present in a fault record. A crucial component of event report analysis is choosing the appropriate time instant for calculating phasors for event report analysis. Conventionally, protection engineers manually perform event report analysis and arbitrarily select time instants after certain cycles of fault inception for this purpose. This approach prevents the process from being successfully automated. Furthermore, arbitrary selection of time instant does not utilize the entire fault data and may fail in several cases such as short time fault scenario and evolving fault scenario. For this purpose, this paper proposes an adaptive novel technique which utilizes the entire data present in the event report to select the most suitable time instant for event report analysis. The superiority of the proposed algorithm over conventional methods is demonstrated using three real-world scenarios. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Technologies Enabling Smart Grid)
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16 pages, 1209 KiB  
Article
A Novel Single-Stage Tandem Soft-Switching Converter with Low Input Current Distortion
by Jianming Xu, Bo Qian and Muhammad Humayun
Inventions 2018, 3(4), 70; https://doi.org/10.3390/inventions3040070 - 17 Oct 2018
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 4892
Abstract
In order to improve the power factor and reduce the input current harmonics, power factor correction (PFC) converters are utilized. This paper introduces a single-stage continuous conduction mode (CCM) soft-switched power factor correction (PFC) converter with a tandem topology. The proposed topology has [...] Read more.
In order to improve the power factor and reduce the input current harmonics, power factor correction (PFC) converters are utilized. This paper introduces a single-stage continuous conduction mode (CCM) soft-switched power factor correction (PFC) converter with a tandem topology. The proposed topology has two operating modes, namely resonant operation mode and boost operation mode. Such a design and control realizes the zero-voltage switching (ZVS) and zero current switching (ZCS) of the power switches. The proposed topology has been introduced to reduce the total harmonic distortion (THD) of the input current further in the boost PFC converter under lower power and higher output voltage conditions. The simulation and experimental results are presented to verify the effectiveness of the performance of the proposed design and its control. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Technologies Enabling Smart Grid)
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19 pages, 7153 KiB  
Article
A Soft-Switched DC/DC Converter Using Integrated Dual Half-Bridge with High Voltage Gain and Low Voltage Stress for DC Microgrid Applications
by Hadi Moradisizkoohi, Nour Elsayad and Osama Mohammed
Inventions 2018, 3(3), 63; https://doi.org/10.3390/inventions3030063 - 03 Sep 2018
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 6252
Abstract
In this paper, a soft-switched boost converter including an integrated dual half-bridge circuit with high voltage gain and continuous input current is introduced that can be suitable for the applications requiring a wide voltage gain range, such as for the front-end of the [...] Read more.
In this paper, a soft-switched boost converter including an integrated dual half-bridge circuit with high voltage gain and continuous input current is introduced that can be suitable for the applications requiring a wide voltage gain range, such as for the front-end of the inverter in a DC microgrid to integrate renewable energy sources (RES). In the proposed converter, two half-bridge converters are connected in series at the output stage to enhance the voltage gain. Additionally, the balanced voltage multiplier stage is employed at the output to increase the voltage conversion ratio, as well as distribute the voltage stress across semiconductors; hence, switches with smaller on-resistance RDS(on) can be adopted resulting in an improvement in the efficiency. The converter takes advantage of the clamp circuit not only to confine the voltage stress of switches, but also to achieve the soft-switching, which leads to a reduction in the switching loss as well as the cost. The mentioned features make the proposed converter a proper choice for interfacing RES to the DC-link bus of the inverter. The operation modes, steady-state analysis, and design consideration of the proposed topology have been demonstrated in the paper. A 1-kW laboratory prototype was built using gallium nitride (GaN) transistors and silicon carbide (SiC) diodes to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed topology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Technologies Enabling Smart Grid)
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17 pages, 2624 KiB  
Article
Pre-Processing of Energy Demand Disaggregation Based Data Mining Techniques for Household Load Demand Forecasting
by Ahmed F. Ebrahim and Osama A. Mohammed
Inventions 2018, 3(3), 45; https://doi.org/10.3390/inventions3030045 - 08 Jul 2018
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 5889
Abstract
Demand side management has a vital role in supporting the demand response in smart grid infrastructure, in the decision-making of energy management, in household applications is significantly affected by the load-forecasting accuracy. This paper introduces an innovative methodology to enhance household demand forecasting [...] Read more.
Demand side management has a vital role in supporting the demand response in smart grid infrastructure, in the decision-making of energy management, in household applications is significantly affected by the load-forecasting accuracy. This paper introduces an innovative methodology to enhance household demand forecasting based on energy disaggregation for Short Term Load Forecasting. This approach is constructed from Feed-Forward Artificial Neural Network forecaster and a pre-processing stage of energy disaggregation. This disaggregation technique extracts the individual appliances’ load demand profile from the aggregated household load demand to increase the training data window for the proposed forecaster. These proposed algorithms include two benchmark disaggregation algorithms; Factorial Hidden Markov Model (FHMM), Combinatorial Optimization in addition to three adopted Deep Neural Network; long short- term memory (LSTM), Denoising Autoencoder, and a network which regress start time, end time, and average power. The proposed load forecasting approach outperformed the currently available state-of-the-art techniques; namely root mean square error (RMSE), normalized root mean square error (NRMSE), and mean absolute error (MAE). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Technologies Enabling Smart Grid)
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Review

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12 pages, 395 KiB  
Review
Internet of Things in Smart Grid: Architecture, Applications, Services, Key Technologies, and Challenges
by Alireza Ghasempour
Inventions 2019, 4(1), 22; https://doi.org/10.3390/inventions4010022 - 26 Mar 2019
Cited by 398 | Viewed by 27676
Abstract
Internet of Things (IoT) is a connection of people and things at any time, in any place, with anyone and anything, using any network and any service. Thus, IoT is a huge dynamic global network infrastructure of Internet-enabled entities with web services. One [...] Read more.
Internet of Things (IoT) is a connection of people and things at any time, in any place, with anyone and anything, using any network and any service. Thus, IoT is a huge dynamic global network infrastructure of Internet-enabled entities with web services. One of the most important applications of IoT is the Smart Grid (SG). SG is a data communications network which is integrated with the power grid to collect and analyze data that are acquired from transmission lines, distribution substations, and consumers. In this paper, we talk about IoT and SG and their relationship. Some IoT architectures in SG, requirements for using IoT in SG, IoT applications and services in SG, and challenges and future work are discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Technologies Enabling Smart Grid)
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