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Energy Management System for Smart Grids

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "A1: Smart Grids and Microgrids".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2020) | Viewed by 7826

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Information Engineering, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
Interests: instrumentation and measurement; industrial real-time network; wireless sensor network; smart sensors; communication systems for smart grids; time synchronization; Linux-embedded programming; embedded systems; power quality; smart grids; energy systems; smart building; energy management system; electric vehicles; vehicle-to-vehicle communication
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Guest Editor
Unareti SpA, Network and Systems Operation, Via Lamarmora 230 – 25124 Brescia, Italy
Interests: gas and electricity distributions; network operations; automation and remote control systems; telecommunication systems for smart grids; power quality; distributed energy resources

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In the last decades, the growing presence of prosumers (i.e., local energy consumers and producers) and the increasing penetration of distributed energy resources (DER) from renewable energy sources (RES) are posing new challenges to all energy stakeholders: reverse power flows, monitoring of the power quality, grid stability, and many more. Coordination between the different stakeholders, from energy producers through transmission and distribution system operators (TSO and DSO) down to the energy service company (ESCo) and to the customers, is essential for the management of the power grid. The smart grid paradigm, based on a strict integration between power grids and ICT infrastructures, is the key technology for achieving such coordination. The development of power systems with a high presence of RESs has been shown to be more a conceptual limitation, rather than an effective technological barrier. The main socio-technical issues still open are the intermittency and unreliability of RESs, increasing the diffusion of energy prosumers, market stability in dynamic and deregulated systems, and reliability and resilience of highly dynamic systems with heterogeneous DERs. The successful management of such challenges requires extensive monitoring of the state of the grid and integration and harmonization of these data at various aggregation levels, from end-users to the grid management and control. The aim of this Special Issue is to assess how recent advances in the design and implementation of energy management systems (EMS) would help to face these challenges, by allowing improved optimal energy usage, integration of DER, self-reliability, and enhanced control capabilities.

This issue welcomes theoretical papers, methodological studies and empirical research (or combination thereof) concerning (but not limited to) the design and the deployment of energy management systems, and the required ICT infrastructures, for the optimization of energy at different levels, from the building up to the distribution grid, to improve the quality of the service and a sustainable usage of the energy and to optimize the integration of renewables into smart grids.

Prof. Dr. Stefano Rinaldi
Dr. Davide Della Giustina
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • smart grid
  • energy management system
  • communication systems
  • distributed energy resources
  • supervision and control system
  • distribution management system
  • distributed measurement system
  • virtual power plant
  • smart and cognitive building
  • distributed energy storage system

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

26 pages, 7286 KiB  
Article
Massive Generation of Customer Load Profiles for Large Scale State Estimation Deployment: An Approach to Exploit AMI Limited Data
by Davide Della Giustina, Stefano Rinaldi, Stefano Robustelli and Andrea Angioni
Energies 2021, 14(5), 1277; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14051277 - 25 Feb 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1906
Abstract
The management of the distribution network is becoming increasingly important as the penetration of distributed energy resources is increasing. Reliable knowledge of the real-time status of the network is essential if algorithms are to be used to help distribution system operators define network [...] Read more.
The management of the distribution network is becoming increasingly important as the penetration of distributed energy resources is increasing. Reliable knowledge of the real-time status of the network is essential if algorithms are to be used to help distribution system operators define network configurations. State Estimation (SE) algorithms are capable of producing such an accurate snapshot of the network state but, in turn, require a wide range of information, e.g., network topology, real-time measurement and power profiles from customers/productions. Those profiles which may, in principle, be provided by smart meters are not always available due to technical limitations of existing Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) in terms of communication, storage and computing power. That means that power profiles are only available for a subset of customers. The paper proposes an approach that can overcome these limitations: the remaining profiles, required by SE algorithms, are generated on the basis of customer-related information, identifying clusters of customers with similar features, such as the same contract and pattern of energy consumption. For each cluster, a power profile estimator is generated using long-term power profiles of a limited sub-set of customers, randomly selected from the cluster itself. The synthesized full power profile, representing each customer of the distribution network, is then obtained by scaling the power profile estimator of the cluster to which the customer belongs, by the monthly energy exchanged by that customer, data that are easily available. The feasibility of the proposed approach was validated considering the distribution grid of Unareti SpA, an Italian Distribution System Operator (DSO), operating in northern Italy and serving approximately one million customers. The application of the proposed approach to the actual infrastructure shows some limitations in terms of the accuracy of the estimation of the power profile of the customer. In particular, the proposed methodology is not fully able to properly represent clusters composed of customers with a large variability in terms of power exchange with the distribution network. In any case, the root mean square error of the synthesized full power profile with the respect to validation power profiles belonging to the same cluster is, in the worst case, on the order of 6.3%, while in the rest of cases is well below 5%. Thus, the proposed approach represents a good compromise between accuracy in representing the behavior of customers on the network and resources (in terms of computational power, data storage and communication resources) to achieve that results. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy Management System for Smart Grids)
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19 pages, 6115 KiB  
Article
A Model-Based Design of Distributed Automation Systems for the Smart Grid: Implementation and Validation
by Davide Della Giustina, Amelia Alvarez de Sotomayor, Alessio Dedè and Francisco Ramos
Energies 2020, 13(14), 3560; https://doi.org/10.3390/en13143560 - 10 Jul 2020
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2596
Abstract
The paper aims at describing a model-based approach to design automation logics for fault location and supply restoration in medium voltage distribution networks. The application of automation functions along medium voltage feeders and, in particular, the installation of protection devices in secondary substations [...] Read more.
The paper aims at describing a model-based approach to design automation logics for fault location and supply restoration in medium voltage distribution networks. The application of automation functions along medium voltage feeders and, in particular, the installation of protection devices in secondary substations mandates the design and the implementation of complex logics to coordinate the operations of this hardware in case of fault occurrences. This synchronization is realized with the exchange of IEC 61850 GOOSE messages, but the correct usage of this information must be implemented in each protection device through dedicated logics, which are not in the common out-of-the-box system configurations. To support the introduction and the design of these logics, an automata-based approach has been proposed and successfully demonstrated in a real environment in the European research project IDE4L. This formal methodology has been introduced to simplify the design phase and to standardize the logics implemented in the protection prototypes realized in the project. The same models have also been used in the implementation phase with a semi-automatic code generation procedure, considering as a target system the software programmable logic controllers (soft-PLCs), available on the protection devices. Based on the test results and the short time to set up the test bench, this approach proved to be a reliable and effective way to implement complex medium voltage (MV) automation logics such those needed in modern smart grids. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy Management System for Smart Grids)
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17 pages, 5865 KiB  
Article
Real-Time Minimization Power Losses by Driven Primary Regulation in Islanded Microgrids
by Quynh T.T Tran, Eleonora Riva Sanseverino, Gaetano Zizzo, Maria Luisa Di Silvestre, Tung Lam Nguyen and Quoc-Tuan Tran
Energies 2020, 13(2), 451; https://doi.org/10.3390/en13020451 - 17 Jan 2020
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2724
Abstract
Islanded microgrids are small networks that work independently from the main grid. The frequency and voltage in islanded microgrids are affected directly by the output power of distributed generators and power demand variations. In this work, a real-time driven primary regulation, which relies [...] Read more.
Islanded microgrids are small networks that work independently from the main grid. The frequency and voltage in islanded microgrids are affected directly by the output power of distributed generators and power demand variations. In this work, a real-time driven primary regulation, which relies on optimized P-f droop coefficients, is proposed. In all operating conditions, it minimizes the power losses for islanded microgrids. The proposed configuration will allow the optimization modules to interact with each other and adjust parameters producing a suitable power sharing among generators. The methodology is tested based on a hardware-in-the-loop experimental set-up where distributed generators are connected to a group of loads. A parametric analysis is implemented for verification of the effectiveness of the proposed configuration as well as the improvement of the system reliability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy Management System for Smart Grids)
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