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Novel Imaging Biomarkers in Drug Induced Interstitial Lung Diseases

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A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Pulmonology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 October 2021) | Viewed by 6601

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Special Issue Editor

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Drug-Induced Interstitial Lung Diseases (DI-ILDs) are an emerging complication of the ever-expanding field of drug therapies in oncological and immunological care. DI-ILD can be caused by over 350 different drugs. The incidence and prevalence is perceived to be on the rise due to the increasing number of oncological and immunotherapies. The clinical phenotype, imaging, and histopathological features are highly variable and are often difficult to distinguish from pre-existing ILDs or co-existing infections. DI-ILD is often therefore a diagnosis of exclusion and thus its diagnosis can be challenging. Sensitive and specific biomarkers are required to evaluate DI-ILD during drug development. In particular, there is a need to detect early signs of DI-ILD, as often symptoms present too late, when there is significant radiological evidence of lung injury. Recent advances in lung imaging methods may provide us with an opportunity to develop more sensitive and specific biomarkers for DI-ILD.

This Special Issue will present the work of scientific and imaging experts within the fields of MRI, CT, and PET. The reader will be presented with the most up-to-date, state-of-the-art, novel imaging research exploring the utility of these techniques in the early identification and diagnosis of DI-ILD.

Dr. Nazia Chaudhuri
Guest Editor

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Keywords

drug toxicity
interstitial lung disease
lung imaging
MRI

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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21 pages, 7773 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Longitudinal Imaging Using PET/CT with Collagen-I PET-Tracer and MRI for Assessment of Fibrotic and Inflammatory Lesions in a Rat Lung Injury Model

by Irma Mahmutovic Persson, Nina Fransén Pettersson, Jian Liu, Hanna Falk Håkansson, Anders Örbom, René In ’t Zandt, Ritha Gidlöf, Marie Sydoff, Karin von Wachenfeldt and Lars E. Olsson

J. Clin. Med. 2020, 9(11), 3706; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9113706 - 18 Nov 2020

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3337

Abstract

Non-invasive imaging biomarkers (IBs) are warranted to enable improved diagnostics and follow-up monitoring of interstitial lung disease (ILD) including drug-induced ILD (DIILD). Of special interest are IB, which can characterize and differentiate acute inflammation from fibrosis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate a PET-tracer specific for Collagen-I, combined with multi-echo MRI, in a rat model of DIILD. Rats were challenged intratracheally with bleomycin, and subsequently followed by MRI and PET/CT for four weeks. PET imaging demonstrated a significantly increased uptake of the collagen tracer in the lungs of challenged rats compared to controls. This was confirmed by MRI characterization of the lesions as edema or fibrotic tissue. The uptake of tracer did not show complete spatial overlap with the lesions identified by MRI. Instead, the tracer signal appeared at the borderline between lesion and healthy tissue. Histological tissue staining, fibrosis scoring, lysyl oxidase activity measurements, and gene expression markers all confirmed establishing fibrosis over time. In conclusion, the novel PET tracer for Collagen-I combined with multi-echo MRI, were successfully able to monitor fibrotic changes in bleomycin-induced lung injury. The translational approach of using non-invasive imaging techniques show potential also from a clinical perspective. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Imaging Biomarkers in Drug Induced Interstitial Lung Diseases)

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Review

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30 pages, 3046 KiB

Open AccessReview

Imaging Biomarkers in Animal Models of Drug-Induced Lung Injury: A Systematic Review

by Irma Mahmutovic Persson, Karin von Wachenfeldt, John C. Waterton, Lars E. Olsson and on behalf of the TRISTAN Consortium

J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10(1), 107; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10010107 - 30 Dec 2020

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2745

Abstract

For drug-induced interstitial lung disease (DIILD) translational imaging biomarkers are needed to improve detection and management of lung injury and drug-toxicity. Literature was reviewed on animal models in which in vivo imaging was used to detect and assess lung lesions that resembled pathological changes found in DIILD, such as inflammation and fibrosis. A systematic search was carried out using three databases with key words “Animal models”, “Imaging”, “Lung disease”, and “Drugs”. A total of 5749 articles were found, and, based on inclusion criteria, 284 papers were selected for final data extraction, resulting in 182 out of the 284 papers, based on eligibility. Twelve different animal species occurred and nine various imaging modalities were used, with two-thirds of the studies being longitudinal. The inducing agents and exposure (dose and duration) differed from non-physiological to clinically relevant doses. The majority of studies reported other biomarkers and/or histological confirmation of the imaging results. Summary of radiotracers and examples of imaging biomarkers were summarized, and the types of animal models and the most used imaging modalities and applications are discussed in this review. Pathologies resembling DIILD, such as inflammation and fibrosis, were described in many papers, but only a few explicitly addressed drug-induced toxicity experiments. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Imaging Biomarkers in Drug Induced Interstitial Lung Diseases)

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