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Surface Analyses of Dental Biomaterials, Physicochemical and Mechanical Properties
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Surface Analyses of Dental Biomaterials, Physicochemical and Mechanical Properties

A special issue of Journal of Functional Biomaterials (ISSN 2079-4983). This special issue belongs to the section "Dental Biomaterials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 May 2024 | Viewed by 6967

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Rodrigo França

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
Interests: nanosurface; surface analyses; biocompatibilty; composites; ceramics; metal and alloys; implants
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

It is well recognized that dental biomaterials are in a state of continuous evolution. Fundamental processes, such as biocompatibility, corrosion, and adhesion, depend on the biomaterial’s surface properties (chemistry, surface energy, morphology, hardness, roughness, etc.). There are several conventional techniques that can be used to assess these properties, and new tools have been developed so as to probe the surface at the nano-level. Thus, knowledge and control of the surface properties are essential for the long-term success of the restorative procedure.

This Special Issue seeks papers related to recent developments in the field of the surface analysis of dental biomaterials. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, ceramics, dental alloys, bioceramics, polymers, composites, 3D printing dental materials, and bio-inks. 

Dr. Rodrigo França
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Functional Biomaterials is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • dental ceramics
  • dental alloys
  • bioceramics
  • polymers
  • composites
  • 3D printing dental materials
  • bio-inks

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 4732 KiB  
Article
Chemical and Ultrastructural Characterization of Dentin Treated with Remineralizing Dentifrices
by Dimitra Athanasiadou, Denise Eymael, Beshr Hajhamid, Karina M. M. Carneiro and Anuradha Prakki
J. Funct. Biomater. 2024, 15(1), 25; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb15010025 - 16 Jan 2024
Viewed by 1628
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate dentin chemical and ultrastructural changes upon exposure to remineralizing dentifrices. Dentin disks were obtained from permanent human molars and treated for 7 days with the dentifrices: (1) C group—control (no dentifrice); (2) S group—Sensodyne Repair [...] Read more.
The aim of this study is to investigate dentin chemical and ultrastructural changes upon exposure to remineralizing dentifrices. Dentin disks were obtained from permanent human molars and treated for 7 days with the dentifrices: (1) C group—control (no dentifrice); (2) S group—Sensodyne Repair & Protect; (3) D group—Dentalclean Daily Regenerating Gel; and (4) DB group—D group + Dentalclean regenerating booster. Afterwards, samples were submitted to an additional 7 days of toothbrushing associated with daily acidic challenge. Samples were imaged and analyzed (days 1, 7, and 14) for Young’s modulus by atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED). SEM and AFM revealed precipitate deposition on dentin surfaces in groups S, D, and DB, formed as early as day 1. Surface elemental analysis showed a Si increase on all brushed surfaces. Similar surface morphology was maintained after the acidic challenge period. Bright-field TEM/SAED revealed the formation of nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite inside the dentin tubules of groups S, D, and DB after day 7. Group C presented a gradual reduction of Young’s modulus from days-1–14, whereas all remaining groups had increased values. All evaluated dentifrices led to successful formation of hydroxyapatite and increased dentin stiffness. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Surface Analyses of Dental Biomaterials, Physicochemical and Mechanical Properties)
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16 pages, 6114 KiB  
Article
Changes in Gloss Alteration, Surface Roughness, and Color of Direct Dental Restorative Materials after Professional Dental Prophylaxis
by Aya Miyashita-Kobayashi, Akiko Haruyama, Keigo Nakamura, Chia-Ying Wu, Akihiro Kuroiwa, Nobuo Yoshinari and Atsushi Kameyama
J. Funct. Biomater. 2024, 15(1), 8; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb15010008 - 23 Dec 2023
Viewed by 1530
Abstract
In the context of optimizing dental care for patients who are elderly, the purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the surface gloss (with a micro-area gloss meter) of, surface roughness (with a compact surface roughness measuring instrument) of, and color [...] Read more.
In the context of optimizing dental care for patients who are elderly, the purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the surface gloss (with a micro-area gloss meter) of, surface roughness (with a compact surface roughness measuring instrument) of, and color change (with a dental colorimeter) in two commercially available injectable resin-based composites (Estelite Universal Flow (EUF) and Beautifil Flow Plus F00 (BFP)) as well as two glass–ionomer cements (GC Fuji II LC CAPSULE (FLC) and GC Fuji IX GP EXTRA CAPSULE (FGP)), before and after dental prophylaxis. After 24 h, the surfaces of each specimen were polished at 2500 rpm with a prophy brush (Mersage Brush, Shofu) and one-step prophylaxis paste (Prophy Paste Pro, Directa): under 100 or 300 gf load, and for 10 or 30 s, 4× cycles of cleaning. After mechanical cleaning, conditions were found for a significant reduction in the gloss level (EUF, BFP, or FLC; p < 0.05) and a significant increase in surface roughness (BFP; 300 gf load, 10 s × four cycles of cleaning). Overall, the longer time or higher prophylaxis load tended to decrease the surface gloss. However, the observed change in surface roughness varied between the restorative materials. There was no color change post-prophylaxis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Surface Analyses of Dental Biomaterials, Physicochemical and Mechanical Properties)
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14 pages, 2036 KiB  
Article
XPS Characterization of TiO2 Nanotubes Growth on the Surface of the Ti15Zr15Mo Alloy for Biomedical Applications
by Reginaldo Toshihiro Konatu, Danielle Duque Domingues, Rodrigo França and Ana Paula Rosifini Alves
J. Funct. Biomater. 2023, 14(7), 353; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb14070353 - 5 Jul 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1574
Abstract
Ti15Zr15Mo (TMZ alloy) has been studied in recent years for biomedical applications, mainly due to phase beta formation. From the surface modification, it is possible to associate the volume and surface properties with a better biomedical response. This study aimed to evaluate the [...] Read more.
Ti15Zr15Mo (TMZ alloy) has been studied in recent years for biomedical applications, mainly due to phase beta formation. From the surface modification, it is possible to associate the volume and surface properties with a better biomedical response. This study aimed to evaluate the possibility of using anodization to obtain TiO2 nanotubes due to the presence of valve-type metal (Zr) in their composition. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was performed to determine the surface chemical composition in both after-processing conditions (passive layer) and after-processing plus anodization (TiO2 nanotube growth). The anodization resulted in nanotubes with diameters and thicknesses of 126 ± 35 and 1294 ± 193 nm, respectively, and predominated anatase phase. Compared to the passive layer of titanium, which is less than ~10 nm, the oxide layer formed was continuous and thicker. High-resolution spectra revealed that the oxide layer of the element alloys contained different oxidation states. The major phase in all depths for the nanotube samples was TiO2. While the stable form of each oxide was found to predominate on the surface, the inner part of the oxide layer consisted of suboxides and metallic forms. This composition included different oxidation states of the substrate elements Ti, Zr, and Mo. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Surface Analyses of Dental Biomaterials, Physicochemical and Mechanical Properties)
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13 pages, 5863 KiB  
Article
Dentin, Dentin Graft, and Bone Graft: Microscopic and Spectroscopic Analysis
by Elio Minetti, Andrea Palermo, Giuseppina Malcangi, Alessio Danilo Inchingolo, Antonio Mancini, Gianna Dipalma, Francesco Inchingolo, Assunta Patano and Angelo Michele Inchingolo
J. Funct. Biomater. 2023, 14(5), 272; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb14050272 - 13 May 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1747
Abstract
Background: The use of the human dentin matrix could serve as an alternative to autologous, allogenic, and xenogeneic bone grafts. Since 1967, when the osteoinductive characteristics of autogenous demineralized dentin matrix were revealed, autologous tooth grafts have been advocated. The tooth is very [...] Read more.
Background: The use of the human dentin matrix could serve as an alternative to autologous, allogenic, and xenogeneic bone grafts. Since 1967, when the osteoinductive characteristics of autogenous demineralized dentin matrix were revealed, autologous tooth grafts have been advocated. The tooth is very similar to the bone and contains many growth factors. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the similarities and differences between the three samples (dentin, demineralized dentin, and alveolar cortical bone) with the aim of demonstrating that the demineralized dentin can be considered in regenerative surgery as an alternative to the autologous bone. Methods: This in vitro study analyzed the biochemical characterizations of 11 dentin granules (Group A), 11 demineralized using the Tooth Transformer (Group B), and dentin granules and 11 cortical bone granules (Group C) using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) to evaluate mineral content. Atomic percentages of C (carbon), O (oxygen), Ca (calcium), and P (phosphorus) were individually analyzed and compared by the statistical t-test. Results: The significant p-value (p < 0.05) between group A and group C indicated that these two groups were not significantly similar, while the non-significant result (p > 0.05) obtained between group B and group C indicated that these two groups are similar. Conclusions: The findings support that the hypothesis that the demineralization process can lead to the dentin being remarkably similar to the natural bone in terms of their surface chemical composition. The demineralized dentin can therefore be considered an alternative to the autologous bone in regenerative surgery. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Surface Analyses of Dental Biomaterials, Physicochemical and Mechanical Properties)
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