Application of Bioactive Glass Scaffolds

A special issue of Journal of Functional Biomaterials (ISSN 2079-4983).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2020) | Viewed by 5490

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
BioMediTech Inst, Tampere Univ Technol, Tampere, Finland
Interests: biomedical; bioactive glasses; ceramics; scaffolds

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleague,

Since the discovery of the bioactive glass 45S5 by L.L. Hench in 1969, researchers have focused great attention on understanding the composition vs. bioactivity relationship. The level of understanding gained by the scientific community has led to product being commercialized for various medical applications: From dentistry to orthopedic. However, the need for 3D porous construct called a “scaffold”, being not only biocompatible, but also able to induce osteogenesis became apparent. Rapidly thereafter, the scientific community defined the properties that such scaffold should possess to be clinically relevant. The scaffold should, aside from its osteoinductivity (or at least osteoconductivity) be highly porous (>60%), have pore size and pores interconnection over 100 µm and mechanical properties close to the tissue to be regenerated. Bioactive glass and glass-ceramic rapidly became a material of choice in an attempt to meet all this requirements. The emergence of relatively new processes and glass composition has led to the manufacturing of new bioactive glass and glass-ceramic scaffolds with a wide range of degradation rate, mechanical properties and having the ability to release therapeutic ions.

The focus of this Special Issue is to provide a forum for original research articles, as well as critical reviews related to the progress that has been made in this field during the last decade, illustrating where we are at this time, expanding on results, newest advances, regulatory issues, and near future possibilities, as well as the limitations of these materials. The Special Issue, while focusing on bioactive glass and glass-ceramics, will also cover the use of such materials as secondary phase in composite or hybrid materials.

Assoc. Prof. Jonathan Massera
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • bioactive
  • glass
  • glass-ceramics
  • scaffolds
  • composites
  • hybrid

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

15 pages, 2219 KiB  
Article
Effect of Melt-Derived Bioactive Glass Particles on the Properties of Chitosan Scaffolds
by Hamasa Faqhiri, Markus Hannula, Minna Kellomäki, Maria Teresa Calejo and Jonathan Massera
J. Funct. Biomater. 2019, 10(3), 38; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb10030038 - 13 Aug 2019
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 5142
Abstract
This study reports on the processing of three-dimensional (3D) chitosan/bioactive glass composite scaffolds. On the one hand, chitosan, as a natural polymer, has suitable properties for tissue engineering applications but lacks bioactivity. On the other hand, bioactive glasses are known to be bioactive [...] Read more.
This study reports on the processing of three-dimensional (3D) chitosan/bioactive glass composite scaffolds. On the one hand, chitosan, as a natural polymer, has suitable properties for tissue engineering applications but lacks bioactivity. On the other hand, bioactive glasses are known to be bioactive and to promote a higher level of bone formation than any other biomaterial type. However, bioactive glasses are hard, brittle, and cannot be shaped easily. Therefore, in the past years, researchers have focused on the processing of new composites. Difficulties in reaching composite materials made of polymer (synthetic or natural) and bioactive glass include: (i) The high glass density, often resulting in glass segregation, and (ii) the fast bioactive glass reaction when exposed to moisture, leading to changes in the glass reactivity and/or change in the polymeric matrix. Samples were prepared with 5, 15, and 30 wt% of bioactive glass S53P4 (BonAlive ®), as confirmed using thermogravimetric analysis. MicrO–Computed tomography and optical microscopy revealed a flaky structure with porosity over 80%. The pore size decreased when increasing the glass content up to 15 wt%, but increased back when the glass content was 30 wt%. Similarly, the mechanical properties (in compression) of the scaffolds increased for glass content up to 15%, but decreased at higher loading. Ions released from the scaffolds were found to lead to precipitation of a calcium phosphate reactive layer at the scaffold surface. This is a first indication of the potential bioactivity of these materials. Overall, chitosan/bioactive glass composite scaffolds were successfully produced with pore size, machinability, and ability to promote a calcium phosphate layer, showing promise for bone tissue engineering and the mechanical properties can justify their use in non-load bearing applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Bioactive Glass Scaffolds)
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