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Metallic Biomaterials
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Metallic Biomaterials

A special issue of Journal of Functional Biomaterials (ISSN 2079-4983).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 May 2017) | Viewed by 26902

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Anil Mahapatro

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wichita State University, 1845 Fairmount Street, Wichita, KS 67260, USA
Interests: biomaterials and bioengineering; surface modification of bio-metallic alloys; biodegradable metallic implants; nanotechnology; drug delivery; tissue engineering; design and optimization of bio-devices

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Metals were one of the first classes of materials used as biomaterials in clinical applications. Metals in biomedical devices are exploited due to their inertness and structural functions. Several opportunities exist for implantable metallic biomaterials to enhance the bio functionality of current metallic biomaterials and tailor their interface with the surrounding tissue. Furthermore, there has been a lot of interest in the development of new metals and alloys for potential applications such as biodegradable metal. This Special Issue aims to bring together recent advances in the field of metallic biomaterials.

Prof. Dr. Anil Mahapatro
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Functional Biomaterials is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • 316L stainless steel
  • Titanium alloys
  • Cobalt-Chromium Alloys
  • Biodegradable metallic biomaterials including magnesium, zinc, iron, and their alloys
  • New metals and alloys for biomaterials application
  • Surface functionalization / modification of bio-metals
  • Biomaterial-tissue interfaces
  • Surface patterning of metallic biomaterials

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

2239 KiB  
Article
Bio-Corrosion of Magnesium Alloys for Orthopaedic Applications
by Emily K. Brooks and Mark T. Ehrensberger
J. Funct. Biomater. 2017, 8(3), 38; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb8030038 - 01 Sep 2017
Cited by 32 | Viewed by 7079
Abstract
Three Mg alloys, Mg–1.34% Ca–3% Zn (MCZ), Mg–1.34% Ca–3% Zn–0.2% Sr (MCZS), and Mg–2% Sr (MS), were examined to understand their bio-corrosion behavior. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and polarization scans were performed after 6 days of immersion in cell culture medium, and ion release [...] Read more.
Three Mg alloys, Mg–1.34% Ca–3% Zn (MCZ), Mg–1.34% Ca–3% Zn–0.2% Sr (MCZS), and Mg–2% Sr (MS), were examined to understand their bio-corrosion behavior. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and polarization scans were performed after 6 days of immersion in cell culture medium, and ion release and changes in media pH were tracked over a 28 day time period. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of alloy microstructure was performed to help interpret the results of the electrochemical testing. Results indicate that corrosion resistance of the alloys is as follows: MCZ > MCZS > MS. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metallic Biomaterials)
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676 KiB  
Article
A Cell-Adhesive Plasma Polymerized Allylamine Coating Reduces the In Vivo Inflammatory Response Induced by Ti6Al4V Modified with Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation of Copper
by Uwe Walschus, Andreas Hoene, Maciej Patrzyk, Silke Lucke, Birgit Finke, Martin Polak, Gerold Lukowski, Rainer Bader, Carmen Zietz, Andreas Podbielski, J. Barbara Nebe and Michael Schlosser
J. Funct. Biomater. 2017, 8(3), 30; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb8030030 - 20 Jul 2017
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 6476
Abstract
Copper (Cu) could be suitable to create anti-infective implants based on Titanium (Ti), for example by incorporating Cu into the implant surface using plasma immersion ion implantation (Cu-PIII). The cytotoxicity of Cu might be circumvented by an additional cell-adhesive plasma polymerized allylamine film [...] Read more.
Copper (Cu) could be suitable to create anti-infective implants based on Titanium (Ti), for example by incorporating Cu into the implant surface using plasma immersion ion implantation (Cu-PIII). The cytotoxicity of Cu might be circumvented by an additional cell-adhesive plasma polymerized allylamine film (PPAAm). Thus, this study aimed to examine in vivo local inflammatory reactions for Ti6Al4V implants treated with Cu-PIII (Ti-Cu), alone or with an additional PPAAm film (Ti-Cu-PPAAm), compared to untreated implants (Ti). Successful Cu-PIII and PPAAm treatment was confirmed with X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy. Storage of Ti-Cu and Ti-Cu-PPAAm samples in double-distilled water for five days revealed a reduction of Cu release by PPAAm. Subsequently, Ti, Ti-Cu and Ti-Cu-PPAAm samples were simultaneously implanted into the neck musculature of 24 rats. After 7, 14 and 56 days, peri-implant tissue was retrieved from 8 rats/day for morphometric immunohistochemistry of different inflammatory cells. On day 56, Ti-Cu induced significantly stronger reactions compared to Ti (tissue macrophages, antigen-presenting cells, T lymphocytes) and to Ti-Cu-PPAAm (tissue macrophages, T lymphocytes, mast cells). The response for Ti-Cu-PPAAm was comparable with Ti. In conclusion, PPAAm reduced the inflammatory reactions caused by Cu-PIII. Combining both plasma processes could be useful to create antibacterial and tissue compatible Ti-based implants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metallic Biomaterials)
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567 KiB  
Article
Orthodontic Metallic Lingual Brackets: The Dark Side of the Moon of Bond Failures?
by Maria Francesca Sfondrini, Paola Gandini, Andrea Gioiella, Feng Xiao Zhou and Andrea Scribante
J. Funct. Biomater. 2017, 8(3), 27; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb8030027 - 07 Jul 2017
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 6029
Abstract
Lingual orthodontics, among both young and adult patients, increased in popularity during last years. The purposes of the present investigation were to evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS) values and Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI) scores of different lingual brackets compared with a vestibular [...] Read more.
Lingual orthodontics, among both young and adult patients, increased in popularity during last years. The purposes of the present investigation were to evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS) values and Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI) scores of different lingual brackets compared with a vestibular control bracket. One hundred bovine teeth were extracted and embedded in resin blocks. Four different lingual brackets (Idea, Leone; STB, Ormco; TTR, RMO; 2D, Forestadent) and a vestibular control bracket (Victory, 3M) were bonded to the bovine enamel surfaces and subsequently shear tested to failure utilizing a Universal Testing Machine. SBS values were measured. A microscopic evaluation was performed to obtain ARI scores. Statistical analysis was performed at a statistically significant level of p < 0.05 to determine significant differences in SBS values and ARI Scores. No statistically significant variations in SBS were reported among the different groups. Conversely, significant differences were shown in ARI scores among the various groups. Clinical relevance of the present study is that orthodontists can expect similar resistance to debonding forces from lingual appliances as with vestibular brackets. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metallic Biomaterials)
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1674 KiB  
Article
Antimicrobial Activity of Nitric Oxide-Releasing Ti-6Al-4V Metal Oxide
by Nina A. Reger, Wilson S. Meng and Ellen S. Gawalt
J. Funct. Biomater. 2017, 8(2), 20; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb8020020 - 21 Jun 2017
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 6709
Abstract
Titanium and titanium alloy materials are commonly used in joint replacements, due to the high strength of the materials. Pathogenic microorganisms can easily adhere to the surface of the metal implant, leading to an increased potential for implant failure. The surface of a [...] Read more.
Titanium and titanium alloy materials are commonly used in joint replacements, due to the high strength of the materials. Pathogenic microorganisms can easily adhere to the surface of the metal implant, leading to an increased potential for implant failure. The surface of a titanium-aluminum-vanadium (Ti-6Al-4V) metal oxide implant material was functionalized to deliver an small antibacterial molecule, nitric oxide. S-nitroso-penicillamine, a S-nitrosothiol nitric oxide donor, was covalently immobilized on the metal oxide surface using self-assembled monolayers. Infrared spectroscopy was used to confirm the attachment of the S-nitrosothiol donor to the Ti-Al-4V surface. Attachment of S-nitroso-penicillamine resulted in a nitric oxide (NO) release of 89.6 ± 4.8 nmol/cm2 under physiological conditions. This low concentration of nitric oxide reduced Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus epidermidis growth by 41.5 ± 1.2% and 25.3 ± 0.6%, respectively. Combining the S-nitrosothiol releasing Ti-6Al-4V with tetracycline, a commonly-prescribed antibiotic, increased the effectiveness of the antibiotic by 35.4 ± 1.3%, which allows for lower doses of antibiotics to be used. A synergistic effect of ampicillin with S-nitroso-penicillamine-modified Ti-6Al-4V against S. epidermidis was not observed. The functionalized Ti-6Al-4V surface was not cytotoxic to mouse fibroblasts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metallic Biomaterials)
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