Submit to JPM Review for JPM Propose a Special Issue

Journal Browser

Cardiovascular Disease: Personalized Prevention, Management, and Treatment

Print Special Issue Flyer
Special Issue Editors
Special Issue Information
Keywords
Published Papers

A special issue of Journal of Personalized Medicine (ISSN 2075-4426). This special issue belongs to the section "Mechanisms of Diseases".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 April 2022) | Viewed by 11252

Share This Special Issue

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Gennaro Galasso

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Baronissi, 84081 Salerno, Italy
Interests: cardiovascular disease; cardiac imaging; diabetes; hypertension

Dr. Marco Di Maio

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

Division of Cardiology, Maria SS. Addolorata Hospital, 84025 Eboli, Salerno, Italy
Interests: interventional cardiology; echocardiography; coronary

Prof. Dr. Szu-Chia Chen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
Interests: chronic kidney disease; dialysis; end-stage renal disease; air pollution; proteinuria; diabetes mellitus; diabetic nephropathy; cardiorenal syndrome; peripheral artery disease

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death globally. Primary and secondary prevention of CVD risk is the most important part of clinical management. While evidence-based medicine is well-established, with clinical trial research integrated into practice guidelines and recommendations, there is growing recognition of the limitations of these data when it comes to individualized treatment decisions. Empirical evidence is still mostly reported by randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses as population-based hazard ratios and numbers-needed-to-treat (NNT), but they tend to indicate how to treat ‘average' patients rather than specific individuals. With advances in personalized medicine, many treatments are now available for different subgroups with individualized treatment goals based on their characteristics and comorbidities, including cholesterol lowering, antiplatelet, and anticoagulant therapy. Personalized risk prediction models and individualized treatment effect predictions are the key points in the new era of precision personalized medicine. We hope that the integration of individualized medical treatment and patients’ own preferences could help to better apply the results of clinical research to the management of an individual’s disease.

Dr. Gennaro Galasso
Dr. Marco Di Maio
Prof. Dr. Szu-Chia Chen
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Personalized Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

Cardiovascular disease
Diabetes
Hypertension
Coronary artery disease
Arrhythmia
Atrial fibrillation
Myocardial infarction
Cardiac troponins
Myocarditis
Heart failure
Cardiogenic shock
Cardiovascular outcomes
Pharmacological interventions
Anticoagulation
Antithrombotic therapy
Primary prevention
Secondary prevention
Precision medicine
Individualized cardiovascular medicine
Prediction of treatment effect

Published Papers (6 papers)

Download All Papers

Research

11 pages, 697 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Cardiogenic Shock Does Not Portend Poor Long-Term Survival in Patients Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

by Eva Steinacher, Felix Hofer, Niema Kazem, Andreas Hammer, Lorenz Koller, Irene Lang, Christian Hengstenberg, Alexander Niessner and Patrick Sulzgruber

J. Pers. Med. 2022, 12(8), 1193; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12081193 - 22 Jul 2022

Viewed by 1137

Abstract

Although a strong association of cardiogenic shock (CS) with in-hospital mortality in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is well established, less attention has been paid to its prognostic influence on long-term outcome. We evaluated the impact of CS in 1173 patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary interventions between 1997 and 2009. Patients were followed up until the primary study endpoint (cardiovascular mortality) was reached. Within the entire study population, 112 (10.4%) patients presented with CS at admission. After initial survival, CS had no impact on mortality (non-CS: 23.5% vs. CS: 24.0%; p = 0.923), with an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.18 (95% CI: 0.77–1.81; p = 0.457). CS patients ≥ 55 years (p = 0.021) with moderately or severely impaired left ventricular function (LVF; p = 0.039) and chronic kidney disease (CKD; p = 0.013) had increased risk of cardiovascular mortality during follow-up. The present investigation extends currently available evidence that cardiovascular survival in CS is comparable with non-CS patients after the acute event. CS patients over 55 years presenting with impaired LVF and CKD at the time of ACS are at increased risk for long-term mortality and could benefit from personalized secondary prevention. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cardiovascular Disease: Personalized Prevention, Management, and Treatment)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

9 pages, 260 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Surgical Treatment for Empyema Thoracis: Prognostic Role of Preoperative Transthoracic Echocardiography and Serum Calcium

by Pei-Yi Chu, Yu-Cheng Wu, Ya-Ling Lin, Hung Chang, Shih-Chun Lee, Tsai-Wang Huang and Yuan-Ming Tsai

J. Pers. Med. 2022, 12(6), 1014; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12061014 - 20 Jun 2022

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1625

Abstract

Background: Empyema is a major cause of mortality and hospitalization. Symptoms include difficulty breathing and chest pain. Calcium plays an essential role in the physiology of the cardiovascular system. However, there is little evidence on the role of echocardiography and the serum calcium levels of patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) for empyema. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors for postoperative mortality in patients with empyema who required surgery. Methods: This single-institution retrospective study compared the outcomes of VATS for thoracic empyema (in terms of survival and mortality) in 122 patients enrolled between July 2015 and June 2019. Results: This study examined patients with thoracic empyema. The majority of the patients were males (100/122, 81.9%). The in-hospital/30-day mortality rate was 10.6% (13 patients). The calcium levels were 7.82 ± 1.17 mg/dL in the survival group and 6.88 ± 1.88 mg/dL in the mortality group (p = 0.032). In the mortality group, the utilization of echocardiography and serum calcium levels independently contributed to the risk prediction more than clinical variables. Patients in our cohort exhibited elevated pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) and hypocalcemia, which were associated with increased postoperative mortality. Conclusion: Elevated PASP and calcium levels at the low end of the normal range demonstrated significant prognostic value in predicting mortality in patients with thoracic empyema who required surgical intervention. Recognizing this potential is critical in order to obtain better outcomes. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cardiovascular Disease: Personalized Prevention, Management, and Treatment)

17 pages, 2154 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Impact of Oxygen Pulse and Its Curve Patterns on Male Patients with Heart Failure, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, and Healthy Controls—Ejection Fractions, Related Factors and Outcomes

by Ming-Lung Chuang, Chin-Feng Tsai, Kwo-Chang Ueng, Jui-Hung Weng, Ming-Fong Tsai, Chien-Hsien Lo, Gang-Bin Chen, Sung-Kien Sia, Yao-Tsung Chuang, Tzu-Chin Wu, Pan-Fu Kao and Meng-Jer Hsieh

J. Pers. Med. 2022, 12(5), 703; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12050703 - 28 Apr 2022

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1729

Abstract

Oxygen pulse (O₂P) is a function of stroke volume and cellular oxygen extraction and O₂P curve pattern (O₂PCP) can provide continuous measurements of O₂P. However, measurements of these two components are difficult during incremental maximum exercise. As cardiac function is evaluated using ejection fraction (EF) according to the guidelines and EF can be obtained using first-pass radionuclide ventriculography, the aim of this study was to investigate associations of O₂P%predicted and O₂PCP with EF in patients with heart failure with reduced or mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF/HFmrEF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and also in normal controls. This was a prospective observational cross-sectional study. Correlations of resting left ventricular EF, dynamic right and left ventricular EFs and outcomes with O₂P% and O₂PCP across the three participant groups were analyzed. A total of 237 male subjects were screened and 90 were enrolled (27 with HFrEF/HFmrEF, 30 with COPD and 33 normal controls). O₂P% and the proportions of the three types of O₂PCP were similar across the three groups. O₂P% reflected dynamic right and left ventricular EFs in the control and HFrEF/HFmrEF groups, but did not reflect resting left ventricular EF in all participants. O₂PCP did not reflect resting or dynamic ventricular EFs in any of the subjects. A decrease in O₂PCP was significantly related to nonfatal cardiac events in the HFrEF/HFmrEF group (log rank test, p = 0.01), whereas O₂P% and O₂PCP did not predict severe acute exacerbations of COPD. The findings of this study may clarify the utility of O₂P and O₂PCP, and may contribute to the currently used interpretation algorithm and the strategy for managing patients, especially those with HFrEF/HFmrEF. (Trial registration number NCT05189301.) Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cardiovascular Disease: Personalized Prevention, Management, and Treatment)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

11 pages, 827 KiB

Open AccessEditor’s ChoiceArticle

Clinical Observation of SGLT2 Inhibitor Therapy for Cardiac Arrhythmia and Related Cardiovascular Disease in Diabetic Patients with Controlled Hypertension

by Shih-Jie Jhuo, Tsung-Hsien Lin, Yi-Hsiung Lin, Wei-Chung Tsai, I-Hsin Liu, Bin-Nan Wu, Kun-Tai Lee and Wen-Ter Lai

J. Pers. Med. 2022, 12(2), 271; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12020271 - 12 Feb 2022

Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2107

Abstract

Sodium-glucose transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are new glucose-lowering agents that have been proven to be beneficial for patients with cardiovascular diseases, heart failure, and sudden cardiac death. However, the possible protective effects of cardiac arrhythmia have not yet been clarified in clinical practice. In this study, we attempted to demonstrate the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on cardiac arrhythmia by medical records from a single center. This retrospective study included patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and controlled hypertension who prescribed the indicated glucose-lowering agents based on medical records from 2016 to 2019 from Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital. These patients were divided into two groups. Group one patients were defined as patients with SGLT2 inhibitor therapy, and group two patients were defined as patients without SGLT2 inhibitor therapy. Baseline characteristics were collected from medical records. Univariate, multivariate, and match-paired statistical analyses were performed for the study endpoints. The primary study outcome was the incidence of cardiac arrhythmias, including atrial and ventricular arrhythmias, after SGLT2 inhibitor therapy. The secondary study outcomes were the incidence of stroke, heart failure, and myocardial infarction after SGLT2 inhibitor therapy. From the initial 62,704 medical records, a total of 9609 people who met our experimental design criteria were included. The mean follow-up period was 51.50 ± 4.23 months. Group one included 3203 patients who received SGLT2 inhibitors for treatment, and group two included 6406 patients who received non-SGLT2 inhibitors for treatment. Multivariate analysis showed that group one patients had significantly lower incidences of total cardiac arrhythmia (hazard ratio (HR): 0.58, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.38–0.89, p = 0.013) and atrial fibrillation (HR: 0.56, 95% CI: 0.35–0.88, p = 0.013) than those of group two patients. The secondary outcome analysis showed that group one patients also had a significantly lower risk of stroke (HR: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.33–0.7; p < 0.001), heart failure (HR: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.41–0.7, p < 0.001), and myocardial infarction (HR: 0.47, 95% CI: 0.31–0.72, p < 0.001). A time-to-event analysis showed that treatment of type 2 DM patients with SGLT2 inhibitors could reduce the probability of total cardiac arrhythmia and related cardiovascular disease, such as atrial fibrillation, stroke, heart failure, or myocardial infarction, by 0.5%~0.8%. This databank analysis showed that SGLT2 inhibitor therapy reduced the incidence of total cardiac arrhythmia and atrial fibrillation in type 2 DM patients and decreased the incidence of related cardiovascular diseases, such as stroke, heart failure, and myocardial infarction. However, additional investigations are needed to confirm this hypothesis. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cardiovascular Disease: Personalized Prevention, Management, and Treatment)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

10 pages, 620 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Reduced Incidence of Stroke in Patients with Gout Using Benzbromarone

by Sheng-Wen Niu, Chi-Chih Hung, Hugo Y. -H. Lin, I-Ching Kuo, Jiun-Chi Huang, Jiun-Shiuan He, Zhi-Hong Wen, Peir-In Liang, Yi-Wen Chiu, Jer-Ming Chang and Shang-Jyh Hwang

J. Pers. Med. 2022, 12(1), 28; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12010028 - 2 Jan 2022

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1767

Abstract

Gout is strongly associated with the incidence of atherosclerotic events, including stroke and myocardial infarction. Considering the increased prevalence of stroke in the population with gout, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of benzbromarone, a uricosuric agent, on the incidence of stroke in the population with gout. We used data from the Taiwanese National Health Insurance Registration Database (NHIRD). The benzbromarone user cohort included 15,143 patients; each patient was age- and sex-matched with one non-user randomly selected from the population with gout. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was conducted to estimate the effects of benzbromarone on the incidence of stroke in the population with gout. The incidence of stroke was significantly lower in benzbromarone users than in benzbromarone non-users. The HR for the incidence of stroke was lower in male benzbromarone users than in non-users. An analysis of three age groups (<40, 40–59, and ≥60 years) indicated that the HRs in those aged 40–59 years and ≥60 years were significantly lower among benzbromarone users than non-users. In the population with gout, the incidence of stroke was lower in benzbromarone users than in benzbromarone non-users. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cardiovascular Disease: Personalized Prevention, Management, and Treatment)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

13 pages, 824 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Prognostic Implications of Right Ventricular Function and Pulmonary Pressures Assessed by Echocardiography in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19

by Maria Vincenza Polito, Angelo Silverio, Marco Di Maio, Michele Bellino, Fernando Scudiero, Vincenzo Russo, Barbara Rasile, Carmine Alfano, Rodolfo Citro, Guido Parodi, Carmine Vecchione and Gennaro Galasso

J. Pers. Med. 2021, 11(12), 1245; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm11121245 - 24 Nov 2021

Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1718

Abstract

Aims: Pulmonary involvement in Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may affect right ventricular (RV) function and pulmonary pressures. The prognostic value of tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), systolic pulmonary artery pressure (PAPS), and TAPSE/PAPS ratios have been poorly investigated in this clinical setting. Methods and results: This is a multicenter Italian study, including consecutive patients hospitalized for COVID-19. In-hospital mortality and pulmonary embolism (PE) were identified as the primary and secondary outcome measures, respectively. The study included 227 (16.1%) subjects (mean age 68 ± 13 years); intensive care unit (ICU) admission was reported in 32.2%. At competing risk analysis, after stratifying the population into tertiles, according to TAPSE, PAPS, and TAPSE/PAPS ratio values, patients in the lower TAPSE and TAPSE/PAPS tertiles, as well as those in the higher PAPS tertiles, showed a significantly higher incidence of death vs. the probability to be discharged during the hospitalization. At univariable logistic regression analysis, TAPSE, PAPS, and TAPSE/PAPS were significantly associated with a higher risk of death and PE, both in patients who were and were not admitted to ICU. At adjusted multivariable regression analysis, TAPSE, PAPS, and TAPSE/PAPS resulted in independently associated risk of in-hospital death (TAPSE: OR 0.85, CI 0.74–0.97; PAPS: OR 1.08, CI 1.03–1.13; TAPSE/PAPS: OR 0.02, CI 0.02 × 10⁻¹–0.2) and PE (TAPSE: OR 0.7, CI 0.6–0.82; PAPS: OR 1.1, CI 1.05–1.14; TAPSE/PAPS: OR 0.02 × 10⁻¹, CI 0.01 × 10⁻²–0.04). Conclusions: Echocardiographic evidence of RV systolic dysfunction, increased PAPS, and poor RV-arterial coupling may help to identify COVID-19 patients at higher risk of mortality and PE during hospitalization. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cardiovascular Disease: Personalized Prevention, Management, and Treatment)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

Journal Menu

Journal Browser

Cardiovascular Disease: Personalized Prevention, Management, and Treatment

Share This Special Issue

Special Issue Editors

Special Issue Information

Keywords

Published Papers (6 papers)

Research

Further Information

Guidelines

MDPI Initiatives

Follow MDPI