Fiber Spinning: Materials and Techniques (Second Volume)

Dear Colleagues,

Fiber spinning is one of the most complicated processes in the field of polymer processing. It is connected with the preparation of very thin and weak filaments, their collection to threads (yarns), and the final processing to textile or technical fibers and fabrics. Fiber spinning from melts is easier than from polymer solutions because when planning the subsequent processes it is necessary to overcome numerous issues connected with the choice of solvent, solution properties, and the selection of spinning method (wet, dry–wet jet, and dry), including the spinneret geometry, nature of coagulant, washing, orientation, drying procedures, and so on. Using solution spinning liquids of different chemical compositions requires a detailed consideration of their regeneration and recuperation methods. The development of composite fibers is usually stipulated, with the combination of one fiber in two or more polymers, coating the main fiber using a protective jacket, and introducing reinforcing or functional additives such as disperse particles, fire retardants, biological additives, and others. Self-absorbable threads from polylactide, polyglycolide, and their copolymers for use as surgical materials are also treated with special coatings that reduce the “sawing” effect when the material passes through the tissues, and also reduces the capillarity and fibrillation. In some cases, the solution method seems more attractive for preparing composite fibers because of the possibility of mixing two or more polymers in one fiber, to distribute uniformly solid or liquid additives at ambient conditions, in order to prepare reasonable precursors for carbon fibers. The most popular materials for precursors are cellulose and polyacrylonitrile fibers spun via solutions, as well as dopes that almost always contain additives. For these reasons, the preparation of composite fibers requires knowledge of physical and colloid chemistry, thermodynamics, rheology, chemical technology, mechanics, and other branches of science.

All of these are the driving forces of this Special Issue of Materials.

Prof. Dr. Valery Kulichikhin
Guest Editor

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• fiber spinning
• polymer processing
• polymer physical chemistry
• colloid chemistry
• rheology
• composite fibers
• functional additives