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Polymers
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Structural Rheology of Polymer Melts, Solutions and Compositions on Their...
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Structural Rheology of Polymer Melts, Solutions and Compositions on Their Base II

A special issue of Polymers (ISSN 2073-4360). This special issue belongs to the section "Polymer Physics and Theory".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2024) | Viewed by 5213

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Valery Kulichikhin

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Guest Editor
Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
Interests: polymer physical chemistry; colloid chemistry; rheology; polymer processing; fiber spinning; additive technologies
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Ivan Skvortsov

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
Interests: rheology of polymer melts and solutions; flow instabilities; rheology; polymer processing; fiber spinning; nanomaterials; sol-gel synthesis; polymer composite materials; applied rheology; polyacrylonitrile; phase separation
Prof. Dr. Igor I. Ponomarev

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
A.N.Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
Interests: synthesis of heterocyclic polymers

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Rheology is the branch of science that considers the response of polymer systems to the action of a mechanical field. Knowledge of this response is important for both polymer processing and polymer physics. In the first case, rheological parameters play a key role in the estimation of processing regimes for the production of plastics, films, fibers, composites, etc. In the second case, rheology “feels” structural transformations occurring with macromolecular conformations, and can identify orientation in space, interactions between them and other species presenting in melts or solutions (including micro- and nanoparticles (emulsions and suspensions)), the formation of aggregates and associates, and phase and relaxation transitions. In spite of the fact that rheology is not structural method, it is indicative of structural changes and sometimes combines with direct physical methods, such as optical, neutron, and X-ray scattering. These combinations allow us to understand the dipper structure and morphology of nascent systems and their evolution of flow. The suggested Special Issue is devoted to such kinds of tasks where rheology serves as an indicator of structural transformations appearing under the action of stresses and strains.

Prof. Dr. Valery Kulichikhin
Dr. Ivan Skvortsov
Prof. Dr. Igor I. Ponomarev
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Polymers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • polymer melts
  • solutions and composites
  • flow curves
  • dynamic moduli
  • morphology and structure at flow
  • rheo-X-ray

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 39250 KiB  
Article
Polyacrylonitrile Fibers with a Gradient Silica Distribution as Precursors of Carbon-Silicon-Carbide Fibers
by Lydia A. Varfolomeeva, Ivan Yu. Skvortsov, Ivan S. Levin, Georgiy A. Shandryuk, Timofey D. Patsaev and Valery G. Kulichikhin
Polymers 2023, 15(11), 2579; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15112579 - 05 Jun 2023
Viewed by 1385
Abstract
This study presents preparing and characterization of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers containing various content of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) incorporated via mutual spinning solution or emulsion using wet and mechanotropic spinning methods. It was shown that the presence of TEOS in dopes does not affect their [...] Read more.
This study presents preparing and characterization of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers containing various content of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) incorporated via mutual spinning solution or emulsion using wet and mechanotropic spinning methods. It was shown that the presence of TEOS in dopes does not affect their rheological properties. The coagulation kinetics of complex PAN solution was investigated by optical methods on the solution drop. It was shown that during the interdiffusion process phase separation occurs and TEOS droplets form and move in the middle of the dope’s drop. Mechanotropic spinning induces the TEOS droplets to move to the fiber periphery. The morphology and structure of the fibers obtained were investigated by scanning and transmission electron microscopy, as well as X-ray diffraction methods. It was shown that during fiber spinning stages the transformation of the TEOS drops into solid silica particles takes place as a result of hydrolytic polycondensation. This process can be characterized as the sol-gel synthesis. The formation of nano-sized (3–30 nm) silica particles proceeds without particles aggregation, but in a mode of the distribution gradient along the fiber cross-section leading to the accumulation of the silica particles either in the fiber center (wet spinning) or in the fiber periphery (mechanotropic spinning). The prepared composite fibers were carbonized and according to XRD analysis of carbon fibers, the clear peaks corresponding to SiC were observed. These findings indicate the useful role of TEOS as a precursor agent for both, silica in PAN fibers and silicon carbide in carbon fibers that has potential applications in some advanced materials with high thermal properties. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Structural Rheology of Polymer Melts, Solutions and Compositions on Their Base II)
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19 pages, 3859 KiB  
Article
Phase Equilibria and Structure Formation in the Polylactic-co-Glycolic Acid/Tetraglycol/Water Ternary System
by Polina Yu. Algebraistova, Andrey V. Basko, Anna N. Ilyasova, Tatyana N. Lebedeva, Anton V. Mironov, Konstantin V. Pochivalov and Vladimir K. Popov
Polymers 2023, 15(5), 1281; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15051281 - 03 Mar 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1579
Abstract
This paper concerns a detailed study of the phase separation and structure formation processes that occur in solutions of highly hydrophobic polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) in highly hydrophilic tetraglycol (TG) upon their contact with aqueous media. In the present work, cloud point methodology, high-speed [...] Read more.
This paper concerns a detailed study of the phase separation and structure formation processes that occur in solutions of highly hydrophobic polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) in highly hydrophilic tetraglycol (TG) upon their contact with aqueous media. In the present work, cloud point methodology, high-speed video recording, differential scanning calorimetry, and both optical and scanning electron microscopy were used to analyze the behavior of PLGA/TG mixtures differing in composition when they are immersed in water (the so-called “harsh” antisolvent) or in a nonsolvent consisting of equal amounts of water and TG (a “soft” antisolvent). The phase diagram of the ternary PLGA/TG/water system was designed and constructed for the first time. The PLGA/TG mixture composition with which the polymer undergoes glass transition at room temperature was determined. Our data enabled us to analyze in detail the structure evolution process taking place in various mixtures upon their immersion in “harsh” and “soft” antisolvent baths and gain an insight into the peculiarities of the structure formation mechanism active in the course of antisolvent-induced phase separation in PLGA/TG/water mixtures. This provides intriguing opportunities for the controlled fabrication of a wide variety of bioresorbable structures—from polyester microparticles, fibers, and membranes to scaffolds for tissue engineering. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Structural Rheology of Polymer Melts, Solutions and Compositions on Their Base II)
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18 pages, 2983 KiB  
Article
Synthesis and Physicochemical Properties of Acrylate Anion Based Ionic Liquids
by Veronika S. Fedotova, Maria P. Sokolova, Vitaliy K. Vorobiov, Eugene V. Sivtsov, Mauro C. C. Ribeiro and Michael A. Smirnov
Polymers 2022, 14(23), 5148; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14235148 - 26 Nov 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1728
Abstract
Two polymerizable ionic liquids (or monomeric ionic liquids, mILs) namely 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium and choline acrylates ([C4mim]A and ChA, respectively) were synthesized using the modified Fukumoto method from corresponding chlorides. The chemical structure of the prepared mILs was confirmed with FTIR and NMR [...] Read more.
Two polymerizable ionic liquids (or monomeric ionic liquids, mILs) namely 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium and choline acrylates ([C4mim]A and ChA, respectively) were synthesized using the modified Fukumoto method from corresponding chlorides. The chemical structure of the prepared mILs was confirmed with FTIR and NMR study. Investigation of the thermal properties with DSC demonstrates that both mILs have a Tg temperature of about 180 K and a melting point around 310 K. It was shown that the temperature dependence of FTIR confirm the Tg to be below 200. Both mILs exhibited non-Newtonian shear thinning rheological behavior at shear rates >4 s−1. It was shown that [C4mim]A is able to dissolve bacterial cellulose (BC) leading to a decrease in its degree of polymerization and recrystallisation upon regeneration with water; although in the ChA, the crystalline structure and nanofibrous morphology of BC was preserved. It was demonstrated that the thixotropic and rheological properties of cellulose dispersion in ChA at room temperature makes this system a prospective ink for 3D printing with subsequent UV-curing. The 3D printed filaments based on ChA, containing 2 wt% of BC, and 1% of N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide after radical polymerization induced with 1% 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropiophenone, demonstrated Young’s modulus 7.1 ± 1.0 MPa with 1.2 ± 0.1 MPa and 40 ± 5% of strength and ultimate elongation, respectively. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Structural Rheology of Polymer Melts, Solutions and Compositions on Their Base II)
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