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Synthesis and Pharmacochemistry of New Pleiotropic Pyrrolyl Derivatives

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Medicinal Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 December 2019) | Viewed by 3659

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Guest Editor
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
Interests: synthesis and biological studies on anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agents, on inhibitors of enzymes implicated in the inflammation and in the coagulation process in general; correlation of inflammation with cancer; neurodegeneration; antioxidant activity; theoretical and experimental calculation of physicochemical parameters implicated in biological response; use of computational chemistry in drug design as well as bioactive compounds of natural origin, e.g., essential oils
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nowadays, there is great interest in the use of pleiotropic/multifunctional/multitarget drugs for the treatment of complex diseases, in which more than one target is implicated. Multifactorial disorders like inflammation, cancer, and Alzheimer’s disease can be characterised as complex diseases. Inflammation is the natural response of the biological system to various stimuli. Excessive chronic inflammation is linked to reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress and leads to pathological disorders, such as atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, neurogenerative diseases and various types of cancer. Thus, molecules acting against several biological targets implicated in inflammation presenting anti-inflammatory and/or, antioxidant and/or anticoagulant activities will be useful.

Pyrrole is a privileged chemical scaffold correlated with interesting bioactivities. The pyrrole ring is an imperative structural framework found in a variety of biologically-active natural products and pharmaceutically-active molecules. The ability to form chelate complexes with metals explains the significance of pyrrole derivatives in biological systems. Pyrrolyl derivatives are referred to act as effective pleiotropic bioactive agents and for this reason there is great interest in these substances within medicinal chemistry.

Prof. Dr. Dimitra Hadjipavlou-Litina
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • pyrrole derivatives
  • hybrids
  • multifunctional/pleiotropic/multitarget agents
  • synthesis
  • quantitative structure/activity relationships QSAR
  • modelling
  • drug design

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

14 pages, 11927 KiB  
Article
Preclinical Study of DNA-Recognized Peptide Compound Pyrrole-Imidazole Polyamide Targeting Human TGF-β1 Promoter for Progressive Renal Diseases in the Common Marmoset
by Masari Otsuki, Noboru Fukuda, Takashi Inoue, Takayuki Mineshige, Tomoyasu Otsuki, Shu Horikoshi, Morito Endo and Masanori Abe
Molecules 2019, 24(17), 3178; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24173178 - 01 Sep 2019
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3256
Abstract
Pyrrole-imidazole (PI) polyamides are novel gene silencers that strongly bind the promoter region of target genes in a sequence-specific manner to inhibit gene transcription. We created a PI polyamide targeting human TGF-β1 (hTGF-β1). To develop this PI polyamide targeting hTGF-β1 (Polyamide) as a [...] Read more.
Pyrrole-imidazole (PI) polyamides are novel gene silencers that strongly bind the promoter region of target genes in a sequence-specific manner to inhibit gene transcription. We created a PI polyamide targeting human TGF-β1 (hTGF-β1). To develop this PI polyamide targeting hTGF-β1 (Polyamide) as a practical medicine for treating progressive renal diseases, we examined the effects of Polyamide in two common marmoset models of nephropathy. We performed lead optimization of PI polyamides that targeted hTGF-β1 by inhibiting in a dose-dependent manner the expression of TGF-β1 mRNA stimulated by PMA in marmoset fibroblasts. Marmosets were housed and fed with a 0.05% NaCl and magnesium diet and treated with cyclosporine A (CsA; 37.5 mg/kg/day, eight weeks) to establish chronic nephropathy. We treated the marmosets with nephropathy with Polyamide (1 mg/kg/week, four weeks). We also established a unilateral urethral obstruction (UUO) model to examine the effects of Polyamide (1 mg/kg/week, four times) in marmosets. Histologically, the renal medulla from CsA-treated marmosets showed cast formation and interstitial fibrosis in the renal medulla. Immunohistochemistry showed strong staining of Polyamide in the renal medulla from CsA-treated marmosets. Polyamide treatment (1 mg/kg/week, four times) reduced hTGF-β1 staining and urinary protein excretion in CsA-treated marmosets. In UUO kidneys from marmosets, Polyamide reduced the glomerular injury score and tubulointerstitial injury score. Polyamide significantly suppressed hTGF-β1 and snail mRNA expression in UUO kidneys from the marmosets. Polyamide effectively improved CsA- and UUO-associated nephropathy, indicating its potential application in the prevention of renal fibrosis in progressive renal diseases. Full article
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