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Plant-Based Foods and Their Bioactive Components: Effects on Cardiometabolic Disorders and Related Molecular Mechanisms

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Phytochemicals and Human Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 October 2024) | Viewed by 1970

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu 610213, China
Interests: food authentication; polyphenol; MS-based metabolomics; functional food; chemometrics
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Guest Editor
College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
Interests: nutritional and functional effect of tea and natural products; development of tea products (preliminary processing, deep processing); evaluation of tea flavor quality characteristics

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Guest Editor
Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Province Engineering Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industrialization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
Interests: dietary fiber; structural characterization; chemical modification; quality evaluation; metabolic disorders; gut microbiota
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
Interests: polyphenol; phytochemical; functional gut bacteria; probiotics; phytochemical–gut microbiota interaction; metabolic disease; mass spectrometry-based metabolomics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

Cardiometabolic disorders, such as metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and certain types of cancers, are a significant global health concern, which require multi-faceted management approaches, such as individual lifestyle and dietary changes as well as innovative prevention and treatment strategies.

Plant-based foods, such as fruit, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, nuts, spices, wine, and certain functional plants, contain numerous bioactive components such as phytochemicals (e.g., polyphenols), vitamins, polysaccharides, dietary fibers, and bioactive peptides, which have been demonstrated to exhibit versatile bioactivities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hypotensive, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, and anti-cancer properties. It is essential to prompt research on the potential roles of plant-based foods and their bioactive components in the prevention and treatment of cardiometabolic disorders.

The molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of plant-based foods and their bioactive components on cardiometabolic disorders are complex and multifaceted, involving metabolic pathway modulation, gene expression regulation, oxidative stress and inflammation inhibition, insulin sensitivity improvement, and gut microbiota modulation, among others.

This Special Issue welcomes authors to submit original research articles or reviews addressing the health impacts of plant-based foods and their bioactive components on cardiometabolic disorders. Potential topics include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of plant-based foods and their bioactive components;
  • Effects and underlying mechanisms of plant-based food bioactive components on glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and cancer cells;
  • Health impacts of plant-based foods and their bioactive components on body weight regulation and obesity management;
  • Synergistic effects of plant-based foods in the management of cardiometabolic disorders;
  • The interaction of plant-based foods or their bioactive components with the gut microbiome and related health impacts on cardiometabolic disorders;
  • Clinical trials evaluating the cardiometabolic benefits of plant-based foods or their bioactive components.

Dr. Ren-You Gan
Dr. Hongyan Liu
Prof. Dr. Liang Zeng
Prof. Dr. Dingtao Wu
Dr. Danyue Zhao
Guest Editors

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • fruit and vegetables
  • grains and legumes
  • dietary bioactive compounds
  • phytochemicals
  • flavonoids
  • polysaccharides
  • cardiometabolic disorders
  • cancer
  • gut microbiome

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 3163 KiB  
Article
Efficacy of Myricetin Supplementation on Glucose and Lipid Metabolism: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of In Vivo Mice Studies
by Mihai Babotă, Oleg Frumuzachi, Corneliu Tanase and Andrei Mocan
Nutrients 2024, 16(21), 3730; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213730 - 31 Oct 2024
Viewed by 108
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a disorder characterized by insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia. Myricetin, a flavonoid found in various plants, has shown potential anti-diabetic effects in murine studies. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the impact of myricetin supplementation on glucose [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a disorder characterized by insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia. Myricetin, a flavonoid found in various plants, has shown potential anti-diabetic effects in murine studies. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the impact of myricetin supplementation on glucose metabolism and lipid profiles in mouse models of metabolic diseases. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines (PROSPERO: CRD42084518999). Studies involving mice with metabolic disease models and exclusively using myricetin supplementation were checked across four databases (Embase, Scopus, PubMed, and WoS) until 23rd September 2024. The primary outcomes assessed were blood glucose (BG), insulin levels, triacylglycerol (TAG), total cholesterol (TC), HDL, and LDL. A random-effects model was applied to estimate standardized mean differences (SMD), and SYRCLE’s risk-of-bias tool for animal studies was used. Results: Twenty-one studies with 514 mice met the inclusion criteria. Myricetin supplementation significantly reduced BG (SMD = −1.45, CI: −1.91 to −0.99, p < 0.00001, I2 = 74%), insulin (SMD = −1.78, CI: −2.89 to −0.68, p = 0.002, I2 = 86%), TAG (SMD = −2.60, CI: −3.24 to −1.96, p < 0.00001, I2 = 81%), TC (SMD = −1.86, CI: −2.29 to −1.44, p < 0.00001, I2 = 62%), and LDL (SMD = −2.95, CI: −3.75 to −2.14, p < 0.00001, I2 = 74%). However, the effect on HDL was not statistically significant (SMD = 0.71, CI: −0.01 to 1.43, p = 0.05, I2 = 83%). Conclusions: Myricetin supplementation improved glucose metabolism and lipid profiles in mouse models, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent for managing T2DM. However, further research is needed to confirm these findings in human studies. Full article
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16 pages, 4181 KiB  
Article
Discovery of Curcuminoids as Pancreatic Lipase Inhibitors from Medicine-and-Food Homology Plants
by Xiao-Qin He, Hai-Dan Zou, Yi Liu, Xue-Jiao Chen, Atanas G. Atanasov, Xiao-Li Wang, Yu Xia, Siew Bee Ng, Maima Matin, Ding-Tao Wu, Hong-Yan Liu and Ren-You Gan
Nutrients 2024, 16(15), 2566; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16152566 - 5 Aug 2024
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Abstract
Researchers are increasingly interested in discovering new pancreatic lipase inhibitors as anti-obesity ingredients. Medicine-and-food homology plants contain a diverse set of natural bioactive compounds with promising development potential. This study screened and identified potent pancreatic lipase inhibitors from 20 commonly consumed medicine-and-food homology [...] Read more.
Researchers are increasingly interested in discovering new pancreatic lipase inhibitors as anti-obesity ingredients. Medicine-and-food homology plants contain a diverse set of natural bioactive compounds with promising development potential. This study screened and identified potent pancreatic lipase inhibitors from 20 commonly consumed medicine-and-food homology plants using affinity ultrafiltration combined with spectroscopy and docking simulations. The results showed that turmeric exhibited the highest pancreatic lipase-inhibitory activity, and curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin were discovered to be potent pancreatic lipase inhibitors within the turmeric extract, with IC50 values of 0.52 ± 0.04, 1.12 ± 0.05, and 3.30 ± 0.08 mg/mL, respectively. In addition, the enzymatic kinetics analyses demonstrated that the inhibition type of the three curcuminoids was the reversible competitive model, and curcumin exhibited a higher binding affinity and greater impact on the secondary structure of pancreatic lipase than found with demethoxycurcumin or bisdemethoxycurcumin, as observed through fluorescence spectroscopy and circular dichroism. Furthermore, docking simulations supported the above experimental findings, and revealed that the three curcuminoids might interact with amino acid residues in the binding pocket of pancreatic lipase through non-covalent actions, such as hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking, thereby inhibiting the pancreatic lipase. Collectively, these findings suggest that the bioactive compounds of turmeric, in particular curcumin, can be promising dietary pancreatic lipase inhibitors for the prevention and management of obesity. Full article
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