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Nutrients
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Effects of Prebiotics, Probiotics on Dysbiosis of Gut Microbiota and...
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Effects of Prebiotics, Probiotics on Dysbiosis of Gut Microbiota and Gut Health

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Prebiotics and Probiotics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 5 October 2024 | Viewed by 4158

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Hengameh Chloè Mirsepasi-Lauridsen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1Health Gut Inn Balance APS, Kloevermarken 7, 2680 Solroed Strand, Denmark
Interests: inflammatory bowel diseases; gastrointestinal diseases; microbiology; faecal microbiota transplantation; faecal virus transplantation; probiotic; prebiotic; escherichia coli; host beneficial bacteria metabolites; nutrition therapy

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

As over half of the human body consists of microbiota cells, it is evident that the microbiota plays an essential role in human health and disease. An unbalanced gut microbiota/dysbiosis is linked to many diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel diseases, autism, and Parkinson’s disease, etc. The concatenation between the human body and microorganisms is not fully understood, and thus in the last two decades, there has been enhanced focus on the effects of probiotics and prebiotics on gut health, intestinal dysbiosis and on the brain–gut axis.

Probiotics are living non-pathogenic microorganisms that can promote the healthy balance of the gut microbiota in the host when administered in adequate amounts. For a non-pathogenic microorganism to be classified as a probiotic, it must have a beneficial effect on the recipient’s microbiota. Furthermore, it must have scientifically proven effects on the stimulation of health and the treatment of a specific disease such as diarrhea. Prebiotics are food ingredients that are non-digestible and selectively stimulate both bacterial growth and the activity of probiotics, benefiting the host GIT, such as antioxidant and host beneficial fatty acids. Fecal microbiota transplantation facilitates the discovery of innovative bacteria with beneficial effects on host health via the production of metabolites and nutraceuticals such as vitamin K.

Dr. Hengameh Chloè Mirsepasi-Lauridsen
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • inflammatory bowel diseases
  • gastrointestinal diseases
  • fecal microbiota transplantation
  • fecal virus transplantation
  • probiotic
  • prebiotic
  • Escherichia coli
  • host beneficial bacteria metabolites
  • nutrition therapy
  • brain–gut axis
  • effect of beneficial bacteria on brain and mental diseases

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 1374 KiB  
Article
Impact of Synbiotic Intake on Liver Metabolism in Metabolically Healthy Participants and Its Potential Preventive Effect on Metabolic-Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD): A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blinded Clinical Trial
by Aakash Mantri, Anika Köhlmoos, Daniela Stephanie Schelski, Waldemar Seel, Birgit Stoffel-Wagner, Peter Krawitz, Peter Stehle, Jens Juul Holst, Bernd Weber, Leonie Koban, Hilke Plassmann and Marie-Christine Simon
Nutrients 2024, 16(9), 1300; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16091300 - 26 Apr 2024
Viewed by 417
Abstract
Synbiotics modulate the gut microbiome and contribute to the prevention of liver diseases such as metabolic-dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded seven-week intervention trial on the liver metabolism in 117 metabolically healthy [...] Read more.
Synbiotics modulate the gut microbiome and contribute to the prevention of liver diseases such as metabolic-dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded seven-week intervention trial on the liver metabolism in 117 metabolically healthy male participants. Anthropometric data, blood parameters, and stool samples were analyzed using linear mixed models. After seven weeks of intervention, there was a significant reduction in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in the synbiotic group compared to the placebo group (−14.92%, CI: −26.60–−3.23%, p = 0.013). A stratified analysis according to body fat percentage revealed a significant decrease in ALT (−20.70%, CI: −40.88–−0.53%, p = 0.045) in participants with an elevated body fat percentage. Further, a significant change in microbiome composition (1.16, CI: 0.06–2.25, p = 0.039) in this group was found, while the microbial composition remained stable upon intervention in the group with physiological body fat. The 7-week synbiotic intervention reduced ALT levels, especially in participants with an elevated body fat percentage, possibly due to modulation of the gut microbiome. Synbiotic intake may be helpful in delaying the progression of MAFLD and could be used in addition to the recommended lifestyle modification therapy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of Prebiotics, Probiotics on Dysbiosis of Gut Microbiota and Gut Health)
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16 pages, 2759 KiB  
Article
In Vitro Fermentation Shows Polyphenol and Fiber Blends Have an Additive Beneficial Effect on Gut Microbiota States
by Jordan A. Whitman, Laurel A. Doherty, Ida G. Pantoja-Feliciano de Goodfellow, Kenneth Racicot, Danielle J. Anderson, Katherine Kensil, J. Philip Karl, Glenn R. Gibson and Jason W. Soares
Nutrients 2024, 16(8), 1159; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16081159 - 13 Apr 2024
Viewed by 926
Abstract
Polyphenols and fermentable fibers have shown favorable effects on gut microbiota composition and metabolic function. However, few studies have investigated whether combining multiple fermentable fibers or polyphenols may have additive beneficial effects on gut microbial states. Here, an in vitro fermentation model, seeded [...] Read more.
Polyphenols and fermentable fibers have shown favorable effects on gut microbiota composition and metabolic function. However, few studies have investigated whether combining multiple fermentable fibers or polyphenols may have additive beneficial effects on gut microbial states. Here, an in vitro fermentation model, seeded with human stool combined from 30 healthy volunteers, was supplemented with blends of polyphenols (PP), dietary fibers (FB), or their combination (PPFB) to determine influence on gut bacteria growth dynamics and select metabolite changes. PP and FB blends independently led to significant increases in the absolute abundance of select beneficial taxa, namely Ruminococcus bromii, Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus spp., and Dorea spp. Total short-chain fatty acid concentrations, relative to non-supplemented control (F), increased significantly with PPFB and FB supplementation but not PP. Indole and ammonia concentrations decreased with FB and PPFB supplementation but not PP alone while increased antioxidant capacity was only evident with both PP and PPFB supplementation. These findings demonstrated that, while the independent blends displayed selective positive impacts on gut states, the combination of both blends provided an additive effect. The work outlines the potential of mixed substrate blends to elicit a broader positive influence on gut microbial composition and function to build resiliency toward dysbiosis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of Prebiotics, Probiotics on Dysbiosis of Gut Microbiota and Gut Health)
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Review

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19 pages, 2781 KiB  
Review
Gut Microbiome-Based Therapeutics in Critically Ill Adult Patients—A Narrative Review
by Shiyue He, Fengyu Lin, Xinyue Hu and Pinhua Pan
Nutrients 2023, 15(22), 4734; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15224734 - 9 Nov 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2354
Abstract
The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in the human microenvironment. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is a common pathophysiological phenomenon in critically ill patients. Therefore, utilizing intestinal microbiota to prevent complications and improve the prognosis of critically ill patients is a possible [...] Read more.
The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in the human microenvironment. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is a common pathophysiological phenomenon in critically ill patients. Therefore, utilizing intestinal microbiota to prevent complications and improve the prognosis of critically ill patients is a possible therapeutic direction. The gut microbiome-based therapeutics approach focuses on improving intestinal microbiota homeostasis by modulating its diversity, or treating critical illness by altering the metabolites of intestinal microbiota. There is growing evidence that fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), selective digestive decontamination (SDD), and microbiota-derived therapies are all effective treatments for critical illness. However, different treatments are appropriate for different conditions, and more evidence is needed to support the selection of optimal gut microbiota-related treatments for different diseases. This narrative review summarizes the curative effects and limitations of microbiome-based therapeutics in different critically ill adult patients, aiming to provide possible directions for gut microbiome-based therapeutics for critically ill patients such as ventilator-associated pneumonia, sepsis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and COVID-19, etc. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of Prebiotics, Probiotics on Dysbiosis of Gut Microbiota and Gut Health)
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