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Pharmaceuticals
Special Issues
Microfluidic Formulation for Biomedical Applications
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Microfluidic Formulation for Biomedical Applications

A special issue of Pharmaceuticals (ISSN 1424-8247). This special issue belongs to the section "Pharmaceutical Technology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2023) | Viewed by 11498

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Kieu The Loan Trinh

E-Mail
Guest Editor
BioNano Applications Research Center, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea
Interests: lab-on-a-chip; system integration, nucleic acid detection; microfluidics; POCT
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Tran Thi Nhu Hoa

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Magnetic and Biomedical Materials, Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Interests: biosensors & bioelectronics; applied bio-materials; biomedical materials

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We would like to invite you to contribute your work to this Special Issue entitled "Microfluidic Formulation for Biomedical Applications". Any original research articles or comprehensive reviews covering this topic are welcome. Together with the development of microfabrication technology that features microstructure fabrication, parts assembly, and microchannel surface modification, the microfluidic technology was able to flourish with its unique benefits such as reduced reagent volume, automated and multiplexed reactions, and miniaturized system. With that, microfluidic technology was exceedingly incorporated into various biomedical applications to achieve precisions that cannot be realized in bulk processing. In light of the recent widespread and erupting interest in lipid nanoparticle-based drugs which utilize microfluidic chips to achieve lipid-component assembly and drug/nucleic acid loading, the microfluidic technology in pharmaceutical and biomedical applications is expected to grow larger. Moreover, microfluidic platforms can be adopted for fast toxicity screening by employing concentration gradient generators and cell culture chambers. It is also expected to play an important role in developing personalized medicine by isolating and culturing cells from patients such as iPSC-derived cells or cancer cells to screen for drug efficacy. Considering all these, we believe that having this Special Issue on "Microfluidic Formulation for Biomedical Applications" can shed much-needed attention to the topic and we would be delighted if you would accept our invitation to contribute to this opportunity.

Dr. Kieu The Loan Trinh
Dr. Tran Thi Nhu Hoa
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Pharmaceuticals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • microfluidic devices
  • droplet-based microfluidics
  • drug delivery
  • drug formulation
  • cancer diagnosis
  • polymeric nanoparticles
  • microfluidic sample preparation
  • microfluidic nanomaterials synthesis
  • microfluidic fabrication

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Editorial

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4 pages, 392 KiB  
Editorial
Microfluidic Formulation for Biomedical Applications
by Kieu The Loan Trinh
Pharmaceuticals 2023, 16(11), 1587; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph16111587 - 9 Nov 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 701
Abstract
Microfluidic technology was recognized in the 1980s when the first micropumps and micro-valves were developed to manipulate fluids for biological applications [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microfluidic Formulation for Biomedical Applications)
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Research

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15 pages, 3393 KiB  
Article
Continuous Manufacturing of Cocrystals Using 3D-Printed Microfluidic Chips Coupled with Spray Coating
by Aytug Kara, Dinesh Kumar, Anne Marie Healy, Aikaterini Lalatsa and Dolores R. Serrano
Pharmaceuticals 2023, 16(8), 1064; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph16081064 - 27 Jul 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1265
Abstract
Using cocrystals has emerged as a promising strategy to improve the physicochemical properties of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) by forming a new crystalline phase from two or more components. Particle size and morphology control are key quality attributes for cocrystal medicinal products. The [...] Read more.
Using cocrystals has emerged as a promising strategy to improve the physicochemical properties of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) by forming a new crystalline phase from two or more components. Particle size and morphology control are key quality attributes for cocrystal medicinal products. The needle-shaped morphology is often considered high-risk and complex in the manufacture of solid dosage forms. Cocrystal particle engineering requires advanced methodologies to ensure high-purity cocrystals with improved solubility and bioavailability and with optimal crystal habit for industrial manufacturing. In this study, 3D-printed microfluidic chips were used to control the cocrystal habit and polymorphism of the sulfadimidine (SDM): 4-aminosalicylic acid (4ASA) cocrystal. The addition of PVP in the aqueous phase during mixing resulted in a high-purity cocrystal (with no traces of the individual components), while it also inhibited the growth of needle-shaped crystals. When mixtures were prepared at the macroscale, PVP was not able to control the crystal habit and impurities of individual mixture components remained, indicating that the microfluidic device allowed for a more homogenous and rapid mixing process controlled by the flow rate and the high surface-to-volume ratios of the microchannels. Continuous manufacturing of SDM:4ASA cocrystals coated on beads was successfully implemented when the microfluidic chip was connected in line to a fluidized bed, allowing cocrystal formulation generation by mixing, coating, and drying in a single step. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microfluidic Formulation for Biomedical Applications)
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11 pages, 3115 KiB  
Article
Real-Time Assessment of the Size Changes of Individual Sub-Visible Protein Particles under Buffer Variations: A Microfluidic Study
by Drago Kuzman, Urška Klančnik, Eva Grum and Jure Derganc
Pharmaceuticals 2023, 16(7), 1002; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph16071002 - 14 Jul 2023
Viewed by 1002
Abstract
Protein particles in biological drugs can significantly impact drug efficacy and carry the risk of adverse effects. Despite advancements, the understanding and control of particle formation in biopharmaceutical manufacturing remain incomplete. Therefore, further investigation into protein particles is warranted, especially considering that novel [...] Read more.
Protein particles in biological drugs can significantly impact drug efficacy and carry the risk of adverse effects. Despite advancements, the understanding and control of particle formation in biopharmaceutical manufacturing remain incomplete. Therefore, further investigation into protein particles is warranted, especially considering that novel formats of biological drugs may be more susceptible to aggregation and particle formation than conventional monoclonal antibodies. In this study, we introduce a microfluidic approach for the real-time analysis of individual sub-visible protein particles during buffer exchange. We find that the modulation of intermolecular forces, achieved by changing the buffer pH or urea concentration, leads to the reversible swelling and shrinkage of particles by up to 50%, which is a consequence of altered intermolecular distances. Additionally, we identify a discrepancy in the biophysical behavior of protein particles compared to monomeric protein. This finding highlights the limited predictive power of commonly applied biophysical characterization methods for particle formation in early formulation development. Moreover, the observed particle swelling may be associated with manufacturing deviations, such as filter clogging. These results highlight the importance of studying individual particles to gain a comprehensive insight into particle behavior and the impact of formulation variations in the biopharmaceutical industry. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microfluidic Formulation for Biomedical Applications)
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Review

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22 pages, 3121 KiB  
Review
Droplet-Based Microfluidics: Applications in Pharmaceuticals
by Thi Ngoc Diep Trinh, Hoang Dang Khoa Do, Nguyen Nhat Nam, Thach Thi Dan, Kieu The Loan Trinh and Nae Yoon Lee
Pharmaceuticals 2023, 16(7), 937; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph16070937 - 28 Jun 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 4787
Abstract
Droplet-based microfluidics offer great opportunities for applications in various fields, such as diagnostics, food sciences, and drug discovery. A droplet provides an isolated environment for performing a single reaction within a microscale-volume sample, allowing for a fast reaction with a high sensitivity, high [...] Read more.
Droplet-based microfluidics offer great opportunities for applications in various fields, such as diagnostics, food sciences, and drug discovery. A droplet provides an isolated environment for performing a single reaction within a microscale-volume sample, allowing for a fast reaction with a high sensitivity, high throughput, and low risk of cross-contamination. Owing to several remarkable features, droplet-based microfluidic techniques have been intensively studied. In this review, we discuss the impact of droplet microfluidics, particularly focusing on drug screening and development. In addition, we surveyed various methods of device fabrication and droplet generation/manipulation. We further highlight some promising studies covering drug synthesis and delivery that were updated within the last 5 years. This review provides researchers with a quick guide that includes the most up-to-date and relevant information on the latest scientific findings on the development of droplet-based microfluidics in the pharmaceutical field. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microfluidic Formulation for Biomedical Applications)
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24 pages, 1912 KiB  
Review
Application of Microfluidics for Bacterial Identification
by Fraser Daniel, Delaney Kesterson, Kevin Lei, Catherine Hord, Aarti Patel, Anastasia Kaffenes, Harrshavasan Congivaram and Shaurya Prakash
Pharmaceuticals 2022, 15(12), 1531; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph15121531 - 9 Dec 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2708
Abstract
Bacterial infections continue to pose serious public health challenges. Though anti-bacterial therapeutics are effective remedies for treating these infections, the emergence of antibiotic resistance has imposed new challenges to treatment. Often, there is a delay in prescribing antibiotics at initial symptom presentation as [...] Read more.
Bacterial infections continue to pose serious public health challenges. Though anti-bacterial therapeutics are effective remedies for treating these infections, the emergence of antibiotic resistance has imposed new challenges to treatment. Often, there is a delay in prescribing antibiotics at initial symptom presentation as it can be challenging to clinically differentiate bacterial infections from other organisms (e.g., viruses) causing infection. Moreover, bacterial infections can arise from food, water, or other sources. These challenges have demonstrated the need for rapid identification of bacteria in liquids, food, clinical spaces, and other environments. Conventional methods of bacterial identification rely on culture-based approaches which require long processing times and higher pathogen concentration thresholds. In the past few years, microfluidic devices paired with various bacterial identification methods have garnered attention for addressing the limitations of conventional methods and demonstrating feasibility for rapid bacterial identification with lower biomass thresholds. However, such culture-free methods often require integration of multiple steps from sample preparation to measurement. Research interest in using microfluidic methods for bacterial identification is growing; therefore, this review article is a summary of current advancements in this field with a focus on comparing the efficacy of polymerase chain reaction (PCR), loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), and emerging spectroscopic methods. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microfluidic Formulation for Biomedical Applications)
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