Processes

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Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Sônia Denise Ferreira Rocha

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Guest Editor

Department of Mining Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270901, Brazil
Interests: crystallization; chemical precipitation; wastewater treatment; hydrometallurgy; water desalination; urban mining; water mining

Dr. Frederico Marques Penha

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

Department of Chemical Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 114 28 Stockholm, Sweden
Interests: resource recovery; crystallization; nucleation and polymorph control; membrane processes; process integration; process intensification; wastewater/effluent treatment

Dr. Marcos Rodriguez Pascual

*
Website
Guest Editor

Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
Interests: crystallization; chemical precipitation; process design; fluid dynamics; optical techniques; water desalination; water treatment; water mining; cavitation crystallization
* We dedicate the memory of the editor, Dr. Marcos Rodriguez Pascual, who passed away during this special issue period.

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Crystallization and precipitation had been used widely over different industries as a separation and purification techniques in food, agricultural, and petrochemical environments, as well as in more laboratory-oriented industries, such as chemical and pharmaceutical, to obtain highly pure products. The actual social transformation from linear to a circular economy approach have posed new challenges where crystallization becomes a key process for success. Due to the demand of high-quality products, new developments on the process designs, modelling and measuring techniques have been done to better control supersaturation and, therefore, nucleation and growth. This Special Issue on “Advances and New Directions of Crystallization Processes” seeks high-quality works focusing on the latest novel advances on crystallization technology. Topics include, but are not limited to: (i) development of novel measuring techniques, (ii) process integration towards lower energy consumption and zero liquid–solid discharge, and (iii) urban and water mining for recovery of materials.

Prof. Dr. Sônia Denise Ferreira Rocha
Dr. Frederico Marques Penha
Dr. Marcos Rodriguez Pascual
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Processes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

crystallization
precipitation
separation
energy consumption
process design
crystallizer design
in situ, online, and control measuring techniques
urban and water mining
processes and techniques integration
crystal quality
environmental friendly
zero liquid-solid discharge

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

26 pages, 5960 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Modeling of Continuous Slug Flow Cooling Crystallization towards Pharmaceutical Applications

by Anne Cathrine Kufner, Michael Rix and Kerstin Wohlgemuth

Processes 2023, 11(9), 2637; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11092637 - 4 Sep 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 918

Abstract

The rising trend towards continuous production in the field of small-scale crystallization has generated many creative concepts for apparatuses for the production of active pharmaceutical ingredients. One of these promising apparatuses is the Slug Flow Crystallizer (SFC), which enables the adjustment of the particle size distribution and the achievement of high yields through its alternating slug flow. To realize and understand the crystallization inside the SFC, high experimental effort has been necessary until now. Therefore, a mechanistic model considering the hydrodynamics of slug flow, the energy and mass balances, and the crystallization phenomena of growth and agglomeration inside the apparatus was developed. Its purpose is to improve the understanding of the process, estimate the effects of operating parameters on target properties, and predict crystallization behavior for different substance systems with minimal experimental effort. Successful modeling was validated with experimental results for the substance system l-alanine/water. Furthermore, the robustness of the model was evaluated, and guidelines were presented, enabling the transfer of the model to new substance systems. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances and New Directions of Crystallization Processes)

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26 pages, 11180 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Small-Scale Solids Production Plant with Cooling Crystallization, Washing, and Drying in a Modular, Continuous Plant

by Stefan Höving, Thomas Schmidt, Maximilian Peters, Hendrik Lapainis and Norbert Kockmann

Processes 2023, 11(8), 2457; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11082457 - 15 Aug 2023

Viewed by 1182

Abstract

Small-scale continuous apparatuses for solid product manufacturing are receiving increasing interest due to the demand for the fast market availability of specialty chemical products manufactured in integrated and modular processing plants. Relevant unit operations span from crystallization over solid–liquid separation and filter cake washing to drying. For this purpose, the quasi-continuous filter belt crystallizer (QCFBC) was developed and is presented here. The newly integrated unit operations with positive pressure filtration (

Δ p_{\max}

= 0.8 bar), filter cake washing (

{\dot{V}}_{wash}

= 55 mL·min⁻¹), and convection drying (

T_{dry}

= 60 °C) have been individually characterized and integrated into the filter apparatus that has been modified for continuous operation. They were synchronized with the flexible cooling crystallization, enabling for a seamless production process. Sucrose in water was used as model substance system. Long-term operations of up to 14 h were successfully performed with dry product filter cakes (22.64 g ± 1.64 g·h⁻¹) of constant quality attributes (

x_{50, 3}

= 216.095 ± 14.766,

s p a n

= 0.347 ± 0.109,

Y_{rel .}

= 69.9% ± 5%,

X_{RM}

= 1.64 mg·g⁻¹ ± 1.38 mg·g⁻¹). Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances and New Directions of Crystallization Processes)

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