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Processes
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Advances of Multiphase Computational Fluid Dynamics in Energy Engineering
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Advances of Multiphase Computational Fluid Dynamics in Energy Engineering

A special issue of Processes (ISSN 2227-9717). This special issue belongs to the section "Energy Systems".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 March 2025 | Viewed by 4850

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Yuting Zhuo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
Interests: the process modelling of clean energy production, storage, and application
Dr. Tianyu Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Energy Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
Interests: multiphase flow; fluidization; computational modeling

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Currently, multiphase flows play a crucial role in numerous industrial processes. The study of multiphase flows spans across both scientific and engineering fields, covering various technological areas, a broad range of scales, and a diverse set of analytical and experimental methods. The goal of this Special Issue is to deepen our understanding of multiphase flows and to develop dependable computational models. To achieve this, both experimental and computational techniques are vitally important.

This Special Issue welcomes submissions on a variety of topics, including, but not limited to, the following: computational and experimental methods for multiphase flows, bubbly and droplet flows, particle-laden flows, and turbulence in multiphase flows. We also welcome contributions related to industrial applications, such as reactive multiphase flows, granular media, fluidization, cavitation, nucleation, mixing, collision, agglomeration and breakup, and flow instabilities.

Dr. Yuting Zhuo
Dr. Tianyu Wang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Processes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • computational and experimental methods for multiphase flows
  • bubbly and droplet flows
  • particle-laden flows
  • turbulence in multiphase flows
  • DEM
  • multiphysics modeling

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 3017 KiB  
Article
Numerical Study of Suspension Viscosity Accounting for Particle–Fluid Interactions Under Low-Confinement Conditions in Two-Dimensional Parallel-Plate Flow
by Junji Maeda and Tomohiro Fukui
Processes 2025, 13(3), 690; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13030690 - 27 Feb 2025
Viewed by 205
Abstract
Suspensions are prevalent in daily life and serve various purposes, including applications in food, medicine, and industry. Many of these suspensions display non-Newtonian characteristics stemming from particle–fluid interactions. Understanding the rheology of suspensions is critical for developing materials for applications across different fields. [...] Read more.
Suspensions are prevalent in daily life and serve various purposes, including applications in food, medicine, and industry. Many of these suspensions display non-Newtonian characteristics stemming from particle–fluid interactions. Understanding the rheology of suspensions is critical for developing materials for applications across different fields. While Einstein’s viscosity formula is recognized as a key evaluation tool for suspension rheology, it does not apply when the solvent is a non-Newtonian fluid. Consequently, we explored how changes in the microstructure of suspensions influence their rheology, specifically focusing on changes in relative viscosity, through numerical simulations. The computational approaches used were the regularized lattice Boltzmann method and the virtual flux method. The computational model used was a two-dimensional parallel-plate channel, and the flow properties of the solvent were represented using the power-law model. Consequently, multiple particles migrated to two symmetrical points relative to the center, achieving mechanical equilibrium and moving closer to the center as the power-law index increased. Furthermore, the relative viscosity observed was lower than that predicted by Einstein’s viscosity formula, indicating that shear thinning could occur even with a power-law index above 1. Additionally, as the power-law index decreased, the relative viscosity also decreased. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances of Multiphase Computational Fluid Dynamics in Energy Engineering)
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35 pages, 96586 KiB  
Article
Mechanistic Understanding of Field-Scale Geysers in Stormsewer Systems Using Three-Dimensional Numerical Modeling
by Sumit R. Zanje, Pratik Mahyawansi, Abbas Sharifi, Arturo S. Leon, Victor Petrov and Yuriy Yu Infimovskiy
Processes 2025, 13(1), 32; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13010032 - 26 Dec 2024
Viewed by 654
Abstract
Consecutive oscillatory eruptions of a mixture of gas and liquid in urban stormwater systems, commonly referred to as sewer geysers, are investigated using transient three-dimensional (3D) computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models. This study provides a detailed mechanistic understanding of geyser formation under partially [...] Read more.
Consecutive oscillatory eruptions of a mixture of gas and liquid in urban stormwater systems, commonly referred to as sewer geysers, are investigated using transient three-dimensional (3D) computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models. This study provides a detailed mechanistic understanding of geyser formation under partially filled dropshaft conditions, an area not previously explored in depth. The maximum geyser eruption velocities were observed to reach 14.58 m/s under fully filled initial conditions (hw/hd = 1) and reduced to 5.17 m/s and 3.02 m/s for partially filled conditions (hw/hd = 0.5 and 0.23, respectively). The pressure gradients along the horizontal pipe drove slug formation and correlated directly with the air ingress rates and dropshaft configurations. The influence of the dropshaft diameter was also assessed, showing a 116% increase in eruption velocity when the dropshaft to horizontal pipe diameter ratio (Dd/Dt) was reduced from 1.0 to 0.5. It was found that the strength of the geyser (as represented by the eruption velocity from the top of the dropshaft) increased with an increase in the initial water depth in the dropshaft and a reduction in the dropshaft diameter. Additionally, the Kelvin–Helmholtz instability criteria were satisfied during transitions from stratified to slug flow, and they were responsible for the jump and transition of the flow during the initial rise and fallback of the water in the dropshaft. The present study shows that, under an initially lower water depth in the dropshaft, immediate spillage is not guaranteed. However, the subsequent mixing of air from the horizontal pipe generated a less dense mixture, causing a change in pressure distribution along the tunnel, which drove the entire geyser mechanism. This study underscores the critical role of the initial conditions and geometric parameters in influencing geyser dynamics, offering practical guidelines for urban drainage infrastructure. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances of Multiphase Computational Fluid Dynamics in Energy Engineering)
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31 pages, 5597 KiB  
Article
BetaSigmaSlurryFoam: An Open Source Code for the Numerical Simulation of Pseudo-Homogeneous Slurry Flow in Pipes
by Qi Yang and Gianandrea Vittorio Messa
Processes 2024, 12(12), 2863; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr12122863 - 13 Dec 2024
Viewed by 813
Abstract
In this study, we present, test, and make available to the scientific community the betaSigmaSlurryFoam solver, which is a two-phase model based on the Eulerian-Eulerian approach for the simulation of turbulent slurry transport in piping systems. Specifically, betaSigmaSlurryFoam is a fully open source [...] Read more.
In this study, we present, test, and make available to the scientific community the betaSigmaSlurryFoam solver, which is a two-phase model based on the Eulerian-Eulerian approach for the simulation of turbulent slurry transport in piping systems. Specifically, betaSigmaSlurryFoam is a fully open source implementation, within the OpenFOAM platform, of the existing β-σ two-fluid model, developed over a decade by researchers at Politecnico di Milano, which, as certified by scientific publications, proved an effective way to simulate the pipe flow of fine particle slurries in the pseudo-homogeneous regime. In this paper, we first provide the mathematical and coding details of betaSigmaSlurryFoam. Afterwards, we verify the new solver by comparison with the earlier β-σ two-fluid model for the case of slurry transport in a horizontal pipe, demonstrating not only that the two solutions are very close to each other, but also that the effects of the two calibration coefficients β and σ are the same for the two implementations. Finally, we apply betaSigmaSlurryFoam to the more complex case of slurry transport in a horizontal pipe elbow, which has never been subject to investigation using the earlier β-σ two-fluid model. We prove that the solution of betaSigmaSlurryFoam is physically consistent, and, after assessing the impact of β and σ through an extensive sensitivity analysis, we show that reasonably good agreement could be achieved against experimental data reported in the literature even for slightly different particle sizes than those considered in our previous research. The sharing of betaSigmaSlurryFoam as open source code promotes its further development by fostering collaboration between research groups worldwide. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances of Multiphase Computational Fluid Dynamics in Energy Engineering)
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20 pages, 8984 KiB  
Article
Numerical Study on the Heat Dissipation Performance of Diamond Microchannels under High Heat Flux Density
by Jiwen Zhao, Kunlong Zhao, Xiaobin Hao, Yicun Li, Sen Zhang, Benjian Liu, Bing Dai, Wenxin Cao and Jiaqi Zhu
Processes 2024, 12(8), 1675; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr12081675 - 9 Aug 2024
Viewed by 1506
Abstract
Heat dissipation significantly limits semiconductor component performance improvement. Thermal management devices are pivotal for electronic chip heat dissipation, with the enhanced thermal conductivity of materials being crucial for their effectiveness. This study focuses on single-crystal diamond, renowned for its exceptional natural thermal conductivity, [...] Read more.
Heat dissipation significantly limits semiconductor component performance improvement. Thermal management devices are pivotal for electronic chip heat dissipation, with the enhanced thermal conductivity of materials being crucial for their effectiveness. This study focuses on single-crystal diamond, renowned for its exceptional natural thermal conductivity, investigating diamond microchannels using finite element simulations. Initially, a validated mathematical model for microchannel flow heat transfer was established. Subsequently, the heat dissipation performance of typical microchannel materials was analyzed, highlighting the diamond’s impact. This study also explores diamond microchannel topologies under high-power conditions, revealing unmatched advantages in ultra-high heat flux density dissipation. At 800 W/cm2 and inlet flow rates of 0.4–1 m/s, diamond microchannels exhibit lower maximum temperatures compared to pure copper microchannels by 7.0, 7.2, 7.4, and 7.5 °C, respectively. Rectangular cross-section microchannels demonstrate superior heat dissipation, considering diamond processing costs. The exploration of angular structures with varying parameters shows significant temperature reductions with increasing complexity, such as a 2.4 °C drop at i = 4. The analysis of shape parameter ki indicates optimal heat dissipation performance at ki = 1.1. This research offers crucial insights for developing and optimizing diamond microchannel devices under ultra-high-heat-flux-density conditions, guiding future advancements in thermal management technology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances of Multiphase Computational Fluid Dynamics in Energy Engineering)
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15 pages, 5652 KiB  
Article
Numerical Investigation of Micrometer-Sensitive Particle Intrusion in Hydraulic Valve Clearances and Its Impact on Valve Performance
by Jianjun Zhang, Hong Ji, Wenjie Zhao, Qianpeng Chen and Xinqiang Liu
Processes 2024, 12(5), 864; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr12050864 - 25 Apr 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1013
Abstract
The intrusion of micrometer-sensitive contaminant particles into the clearance of sliding valves within hydraulic fluids is one of the root causes of valve sticking and reliability issues in hydraulic systems. To reveal the transient process and characteristics of particle intrusion into the clearance [...] Read more.
The intrusion of micrometer-sensitive contaminant particles into the clearance of sliding valves within hydraulic fluids is one of the root causes of valve sticking and reliability issues in hydraulic systems. To reveal the transient process and characteristics of particle intrusion into the clearance process, this paper proposes a numerical method for fluid–particle one-way coupling and verifies it through experimentation. Furthermore, a numerical simulation of the motion trajectory of spherical iron particles inside the valve chamber was conducted in a two-dimensional flow model. It was discovered that in a steady-state flow field with a certain valve opening, micrometer-sized particles in the valve chamber’s hydraulic fluid mainly move with the valve flow stream, and the number of micron particles invading the slide valve clearance and the probability of invasion is related to the slide valve opening and differential pressure. When the slide valve opening decreases, especially in the small opening state, the probability of particles invading the slide valve clearance will increase dramatically, and the probability of invading the clearance is as high as 27% in a valve opening of 50 μm; the larger the pressure difference between the valve ports, the more the number of particles invading the slide valve clearance increases; the particles in the inlet of the slide valve clearance are more prone to invade the slide valve clearance, and invade in an inclined way, touching the wall and then bouncing back. These findings are of great value for the design of highly reliable hydraulic control valves and the understanding of the mechanism of slide valve stalls and provide an important scientific basis for the optimization and improvement in the reliability of hydraulic systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances of Multiphase Computational Fluid Dynamics in Energy Engineering)
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