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Remote Sensing
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Radio Occultations for Numerical Weather Prediction, Ionosphere, and Space Weather...
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Radio Occultations for Numerical Weather Prediction, Ionosphere, and Space Weather II

A special issue of Remote Sensing (ISSN 2072-4292). This special issue belongs to the section "Atmospheric Remote Sensing".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 February 2024) | Viewed by 2642

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Vladimir Gubenko

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Kotel'nikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Fryazino Branch, Fryazino, Russia
Interests: radio waves; studies of internal gravity waves and sporadic E-layers; radio occulations
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Michael E. Gorbunov

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
A.M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
Interests: radio occultations; wave optics; mathematical method of wave field analysis; time-frequency analysis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Xiaolei Zou

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Atmosphere Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
Interests: satellite data applications in weather and climate studies; atmosphere data assimilation; numerical weather prediction
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Paweł Gilewski

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Building Services, Hydro and Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, 00-661 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: remote sensing; rainfall-runoff modeling; soil moisture; climate change; hydrology; spatial analysis and statistics; sustainable development; GIS
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Radio occultation play an increasing role in the numerical weather prediction, ionospheric study, as well as in space weather and climate research. This is determined by their low cost, all-weather capability, global coverage, universal calibration, and high vertical resolution. Currently, there are high-quality data from COSMIC-2, as well other missions, with different levels of signal-to-noise ratio. This makes radio occultation an essential source of data about the atmospheric and ionospheric state. The amount of data in the open access increases. This opens new prospective in the statistical analysis, including global atmospheric trends. This also results in an increased amounts of interesting cases and/or extreme events detectable from radio occultation observations.

The aim of the Special Issue is promoting new results based on the radio occultation data and new methods of processing radio occultation data. This fits very well to the scope of Remote Sensing journal.

Suggested themes and article types for submissions.

  • Numerical weather prediction and assimilation of radio occultation data into global atmospheric circulation models
  • Ionospheric retrieval
  • Space weather research
  • Global climate change study
  • New methods of radio occultation inversion and ionospheric correction
  • Extreme events
  • Internal gravity waves
  • Planetary boundary layer study
  • Polarimetric radio occultations
  • Techniques of numerical simulation of radio occultation events

Dr. Vladimir Gubenko
Dr. Michael E. Gorbunov
Prof. Dr. Xiaolei Zou
Dr. Paweł Gilewski
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Remote Sensing is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • ionospheric retrieval
  • space weather research
  • global climate change study
  • new methods of radio occultation inversion and ionospheric correction
  • extreme events
  • internal gravity waves
  • planetary boundary layer study
  • polarimetric radio occultations
  • techniques of numerical simulation of radio occultation events

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 6749 KiB  
Article
Influences of Different Factors on Gravity Wave Activity in the Lower Stratosphere of the Indian Region
by Jialiang Hou, Jia Luo and Xiaohua Xu
Remote Sens. 2024, 16(5), 761; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16050761 - 22 Feb 2024
Viewed by 487
Abstract
The gravity wave (GW) potential energy (Ep) in the lower stratosphere (LS) of the altitude range between 20 and 30 km over the Indian region (60°E–100°E, 0°–30°N) is retrieved using the dry temperature profiles from the Constellation Observing System for Meteorology Ionosphere and [...] Read more.
The gravity wave (GW) potential energy (Ep) in the lower stratosphere (LS) of the altitude range between 20 and 30 km over the Indian region (60°E–100°E, 0°–30°N) is retrieved using the dry temperature profiles from the Constellation Observing System for Meteorology Ionosphere and Climate-2 (COSMIC-2) radio occultation (RO) mission from December 2019 to November 2021. Through correlation analysis and dominance analysis (DA) methods, the impacts of multiple influencing factors on the local LS GW activity are quantified and compared. The results demonstrate that in the central and northern part of Indian region, the three factors, including the convective activity (using outgoing long-wave radiation as the proxy) mainly caused by the Indian summer monsoon, the mean zonal wind speed between 15 and 17 km, the height range where the maximum tropical easterly jet (TEJ) wind speed appears, and the mean zonal wind speed between 20 and 30 km, have the greatest impacts on the LS GW activity. In the southern part of the Indian Peninsula and over the Indian Ocean, the mean zonal wind shear between 20 and 30 km plays a dominant role in the LS GW activity, which is due to the fact that the GW energy can be attenuated by large background wind shears. It can be concluded that the LS GW activity in the Indian region is mainly influenced by the Indian summer monsoon, the TEJ, and the wind activity in the LS, while over different local areas, differences exist in which factors are the dominant ones. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Radio Occultations for Numerical Weather Prediction, Ionosphere, and Space Weather II)
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29 pages, 1725 KiB  
Article
Comparison of a Bottom-Up GNSS Radio Occultation Method to Measure D- and E-Region Electron Densities with Ionosondes and FIRI
by Dylan J. Shaver, Dong L. Wu, Nimalan Swarnalingam, Anthony L. Franz, Eugene V. Dao and Daniel J. Emmons
Remote Sens. 2023, 15(18), 4363; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15184363 - 05 Sep 2023
Viewed by 1620
Abstract
High-frequency skywave propagation can be heavily impacted by D- and E-region dynamics requiring accurate global measurements to optimize performance. A standard measurement technique is to use ionosondes, but they are unable to measure below 1 MHz and are only available at a limited [...] Read more.
High-frequency skywave propagation can be heavily impacted by D- and E-region dynamics requiring accurate global measurements to optimize performance. A standard measurement technique is to use ionosondes, but they are unable to measure below 1 MHz and are only available at a limited number of land-locked sites around the globe. In contrast, the Global Navigation Satellite System radio occultation (GNSS-RO) bottom-up method is a new approach specifically designed to generate electron density profiles in the D- and E- region ionosphere. It takes advantage of satellite constellations that currently provide over 20,000 daily measurements and global coverage. In this paper, GNSS-RO profiles were compared against ionosonde profiles at four sites covering a wide latitudinal range, and FIRI modeled profiles corresponding to the same latitude and local solar time. This comparison was completed using daytime profiles when sporadic-E (Es) was not present. The average GNSS-RO profile is found to be a few kilometers higher in altitude than the ionosonde profiles at the minimum frequency, fmin. When the ionosonde profiles are shifted so that the altitudes match at fmin, they are in good agreement up to the E-region peak altitude, hmE. Below fmin, the GNSS-RO profile is in good agreement with the FIRI profile, indicating that the profiles can measure the D- to E- transition region. The frequency of the E-region peak, foE, showed general agreement between the GNSS-RO and ionosonde measurements; however, the hmE agreement was weaker and the GNSS-RO profiles tend to have an hmE in a narrow altitude range for all profiles. Virtual heights were simulated for the GNSS-RO profiles using a numerical ray tracer for direct comparison with ionosonde observations, which showed agreement for many of the virtual heights near fmin, but also indicated a positive bias in the GNSS-RO virtual heights that may be due to low foE or elevated hmE estimates. For a quiet ionosphere, the shifted GNSS-RO electron density profiles were a good match for both measured ionosonde profiles and modeled FIRI profiles and the method is capable of providing global coverage of the D- and E-regions. Future work will require more data for seasonal and morning–afternoon comparisons as well as comparisons for the disturbed ionosphere when the sporadic-E layer is present. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Radio Occultations for Numerical Weather Prediction, Ionosphere, and Space Weather II)
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