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Separations
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Development and Applications of Porous Materials in Adsorptions
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Development and Applications of Porous Materials in Adsorptions

A special issue of Separations (ISSN 2297-8739). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials in Separation Science".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 June 2024) | Viewed by 3810

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Byong Chol Bai

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Division of Energy Engineering, Daejin University, Pocheon 11159, Republic of Korea
Interests: carbon fiber; activated carbon; activated carbon fiber; adsorption; pitch; harmful gases
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Porous materials, with their intricate structures and high surface areas, play a pivotal role in various industrial and environmental applications.

The development of advanced porous materials has witnessed strides in recent years. These materials exhibit unique properties that make them highly effective for adsorption, ranging from gas separation and purification to water treatment and pollutant removal. The tailored design of these materials allows for the fine-tuning of their pore sizes, surface chemistries, and functionalities, enabling precise control over adsorption capabilities.

In industrial contexts, porous materials find applications in gas storage, separation processes, and catalysis. Their adaptability to different substances and efficient adsorption capacities makes them indispensable in addressing contemporary challenges related to energy, environmental sustainability, and resource management.

This Special Issue aims to bring together cutting-edge research and innovative applications of porous materials in adsorption, providing a platform for researchers to share insights into the latest developments. From fundamental studies to practical implementations, the contributions in this issue promise to deepen our understanding of porous materials' diverse roles and impact on adsorption processes.

Dr. Byong Chol Bai
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Separations is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • porous materials
  • adsorption
  • activated carbon
  • gas separation
  • water treatment
  • catalysis
  • surface chemistries
  • environmental sustainability
  • energy storage

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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27 pages, 4865 KiB  
Article
The Removal of As(III) Using a Natural Laterite Fixed-Bed Column Intercalated with Activated Carbon: Solving the Clogging Problem to Achieve Better Performance
by Régie Dimanche Ouedraogo, Corneille Bakouan, Abdoul Karim Sakira, Brahima Sorgho, Boubié Guel, Touridomon Issa Somé, Anne-Lise Hantson, Eric Ziemons, Dominique Mertens, Philippe Hubert and Jean-Michel Kauffmann
Separations 2024, 11(4), 129; https://doi.org/10.3390/separations11040129 - 22 Apr 2024
Viewed by 1160
Abstract
Natural laterite fixed-bed columns intercalated with two types of layers (inert materials, such as fine sand and gravel, and adsorbent materials, such as activated carbon prepared from Balanites aegyptiaca (BA-AC)) were used for As(III) removal from an aqueous solution. Investigations were carried out [...] Read more.
Natural laterite fixed-bed columns intercalated with two types of layers (inert materials, such as fine sand and gravel, and adsorbent materials, such as activated carbon prepared from Balanites aegyptiaca (BA-AC)) were used for As(III) removal from an aqueous solution. Investigations were carried out to solve the problem of column clogging, which appears during the percolation of water through a natural laterite fixed-bed column. Experimental tests were conducted to evaluate the hydraulic conductivities of several fixed-bed column configurations and the effects of various parameters, such as the grain size, bed height, and initial As(III) concentration. The permeability data show that, among the different types of fixed-bed columns investigated, the one filled with repeating layers of laterite and activated carbon is more suitable for As(III) adsorption, in terms of performance and cost, than the others (i.e., non-intercalated laterite; non-intercalated activated carbon, repeating layers of laterite and fine sand; and repeating layers of laterite and gravel). A study was carried out to determine the most efficient column using breakthrough curves. The breakthrough increased from 15 to 85 h with an increase in the bed height from 20 to 40 cm and decreased from 247 to 32 h with an increase in the initial As(III) concentration from 0.5 to 2 mg/L. The Bohart–Adams model results show that increasing the bed height induced a decrease in the kAB and N0 values. The critical bed depths determined using the bed depth service time (BDST) model for As(III) removal were 15.23 and 7.98 cm for 1 and 20% breakthroughs, respectively. The results show that the new low-cost adsorptive porous system based on laterite layers with alternating BA-AC layers can be used for the treatment of arsenic-contaminated water. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development and Applications of Porous Materials in Adsorptions)
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14 pages, 4568 KiB  
Article
A Chemical Safety Assessment of Lyocell-Based Activated Carbon Fiber with a High Surface Area through the Evaluation of HCl Gas Adsorption and Electrochemical Properties
by Jong Gu Kim and Byong Chol Bai
Separations 2024, 11(3), 79; https://doi.org/10.3390/separations11030079 - 2 Mar 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1592
Abstract
This study investigates lyocell-based activated carbon fibers (ACFs) for their suitability in adsorbing and electrochemically detecting toxic HCl gas. ACFs were prepared via steam activation, varying temperature (800–900 °C) and time (40–240 min) to assess their adsorption and sensing capabilities. The adjustment of [...] Read more.
This study investigates lyocell-based activated carbon fibers (ACFs) for their suitability in adsorbing and electrochemically detecting toxic HCl gas. ACFs were prepared via steam activation, varying temperature (800–900 °C) and time (40–240 min) to assess their adsorption and sensing capabilities. The adjustment of activation temperature and reaction time aimed to regulate the uniformity of the pore structure and pore size of the active reaction area, as well as the number of reaction sites in the ACFs. Optimal ACFs were achieved at 900 °C for 50 min, exhibiting the highest specific surface area (1403 m2/g) and total pore volume (0.66 cm3/g). Longer reaction times resulted in pore formation and disorder, reducing mechanical strength. The ACFs prepared under optimal conditions demonstrated a rapid increase in resistance during sensor measurement, indicating a significant sensitivity to HCl gas. These findings suggest the potential of ACFs for efficient HCl gas adsorption (1626.20 mg/g) and highlight the importance of activation parameters in tailoring their properties for practical applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development and Applications of Porous Materials in Adsorptions)
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Review

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16 pages, 1182 KiB  
Review
Adsorption of Cobalt onto Zeolitic and Carbonaceous Materials: A Review
by Eduardo Díez, Rubén Miranda, Juan Manuel López, Arturo Jiménez, Naby Conte and Araceli Rodríguez
Separations 2024, 11(8), 232; https://doi.org/10.3390/separations11080232 - 27 Jul 2024
Viewed by 699
Abstract
At present, cobalt belongs to what are called critical raw materials due to its scarcity and its economic importance. Cobalt is a crucial element in the development of new technologies and applications for decarbonization, with around 40% of cobalt consumption being used for [...] Read more.
At present, cobalt belongs to what are called critical raw materials due to its scarcity and its economic importance. Cobalt is a crucial element in the development of new technologies and applications for decarbonization, with around 40% of cobalt consumption being used for rechargeable battery materials. Additionally, cobalt-based catalysts are used in the production of hydrogen fuel cells, and this element is also employed in the production of superalloys for aerospace and power generation industries. For this reason, it is imperative to increase cobalt recycling by recovering from secondary sources, such as decommissioned lithium-ion batteries. Among the technologies for cobalt recovery, adsorption is a reliable alternative as it allows its recovery even at low concentrations in aqueous solutions and is relatively low in cost. Among the potential adsorbents for cobalt recovery, this paper reviews two of the most promising adsorbents for cobalt recovery from aqueous solutions: zeolitic and carbonaceous materials. Regarding zeolitic materials, the maximum adsorption capacities are reached by FAU-type zeolites. In the case of carbonaceous materials, the actual trend is to obtain activated carbons from a wide range of carbon sources, including waste, the adsorption capacities, on average, being larger than the ones reached with zeolitic materials. Additionally, activated carbons allow, in many cases, the selective separation of cobalt from other ions which are present at the same time in the aqueous solutions such as lithium. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development and Applications of Porous Materials in Adsorptions)
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