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Hazard Control and Emergency Rescue in Underground Engineering—2nd Edition

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A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Hazards and Sustainability".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (18 May 2024) | Viewed by 2521

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Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Kai Wang

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Guest Editor

School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
Interests: emergency rescue; intelligent ventilation; fire and explosion in underground engineering; safety monitoring and control
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Yubing Liu

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Guest Editor

School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China
Interests: rock mechanics; ECBM; safety engineering
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Xiaojun Feng

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Guest Editor

School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
Interests: coal-rock dynamic disasters in underground engineering; geological deformation modelling; geostatistic; multi-scale faulting process
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

With the increasing demand for underground space, numerous underground projects have been performed worldwide which involve deep underground resources exploitation, urban underground space development, underground energy storage, etc. As the complexity, scale, and depth of underground structures increase, associated sustainable hazards arise during the construction and maintenance process. Ensuring the safety, stability, and reliability of underground engineering has become a new challenge. There has been a major demand to prevent and control sustainable hazards and associated effective emergency rescue in underground engineering. This Special Issue aims to provide researchers with an opportunity to conduct a broader scientific and technological discussion on sustainable hazard control technologies and emergency rescue in underground engineering. The discussion topics include, but are not limited to, sustainable hazard mechanisms, sustainable hazard prevention, sustainable hazard control, emergency rescue, coal and rock fluid flow characteristics, disaster evolution process and mechanism, risk identification and evaluation, monitoring and early warning, underground fire, underground explosion, underground leakage, underground escape, underground evacuation, etc. Original research and review articles are welcome.

Prof. Dr. Kai Wang
Dr. Yubing Liu
Dr. Xiaojun Feng
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

deep underground engineering
sustainable hazard prevention and control
coal and rock dynamic disaster
coal and rock stability and failure mechanism
coal and rock fluid flow characteristics
disaster evolution process and mechanism
risk identification and evaluation
monitoring and early warning
emergency rescue
fire and explosions
evacuation and escape
intelligent ventilation
intelligent hazard control
underground pipe gallery
safety of subways

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 4818 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Heat Hazards in High-Temperature Tunnels: Influencing Factors, Disaster Forms, the Geogenetic Model and a Case Study of a Tunnel in Southwest China

by Chengkun Wang, Zhengyu Liu, Fengkai Zhang, Qian Guo, Zhao Dong and Peng Bai

Sustainability 2024, 16(3), 1044; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16031044 - 25 Jan 2024

Viewed by 637

Abstract

The construction of extensive tunnels in regions characterized by high geothermal activity presents significant challenges and inherent risks that affect both the safety and operational efficiency of construction personnel. This study investigated the factors influencing geothermal fields in shallow crustal rock formations through a comprehensive examination of existing literature and a detailed analysis of case studies. In addition, this study categorizes the geogenetic models of high-temperature heat hazards into three major classifications. Research findings indicate that several key factors significantly influence the geothermal fields. These factors, which include the deep geothermal background, heat transfer conditions, and localized additional heat sources, are paramount in shaping the geothermal field. Notably, it is observed that among these factors, the presence of additional heat sources, particularly the circulation of underground hot water, poses the most considerable threat to safety and operational efficiency. Moreover, this study utilizes a representative high geothermal tunnel in Southwest China to conduct a field investigation. This investigation assesses the potential for high-temperature thermal hazards within the tunnels, evaluates the geological conditions, verifies the factors governing the geothermal field, and outlines specific measures for the prevention and control of high geothermal tunnels. In conclusion, this study provides a structured analysis of lessons learned from these experiences, along with practical countermeasures for addressing high-temperature thermal hazards during the various stages of tunnel construction. The findings of this research serve as a valuable reference for those investigating the mechanisms behind geothermal disasters in tunnel construction. Furthermore, they offer practical guidance to ensure the secure and efficient excavation and sustainable operation of tunnels in the challenging geological environments characterized by high geothermal temperatures. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hazard Control and Emergency Rescue in Underground Engineering—2nd Edition)

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19 pages, 6528 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Influence of Construction Methods on the Stability of Tunnels and Ground Structures in the Construction of Urban Intersection Tunnels

by Yiwei Ren, Shijun Zhou, Jiayin Jia, Qiang Yuan, Maoyi Liu, Shuyi Song, Zelin Zhou and Zhen Wang

Sustainability 2023, 15(20), 14720; https://doi.org/10.3390/su152014720 - 11 Oct 2023

Viewed by 856

Abstract

The construction of intersection tunnels in urban induces multiple stress redistribution in the surrounding rock, leading to engineering disasters such as instability in rock strata during excavation, disturbance of supporting structures in existing tunnels, and subsidence of ground adjacent buildings. Employing an appropriate construction method is crucial in circumventing excessive stress concentrations and large-scale rock strata subsidence, making it a key aspect of urban intersection tunnel engineering. In this paper, a numerical model for an urban intersection tunnel is developed based on an underground circular road project in a central business district. We conduct numerical simulations of the excavation processes using the full-section method, step method, and center cross diagram (CRD) method, respectively. The findings indicate that while different construction methods do not change the variation trends of surrounding rock stress and displacement, adjacent ground building deformation, and existing tunnel convergence, they affect the variation degrees. The maximum compressive and tensile stresses in the surrounding rock caused by the CRD method are the smallest, which are 3.56 MPa and 0.76 MPa, respectively. The maximum arch subsidence affected the amount, and horizontal convergence affected the amount of branch tunnel #1 caused by the CRD method are the smallest too, which respectively are 1.428 mm and 0.931 mm. The foundation subsidence and overall inclination of the ground building resulting from the three methods are identical. Then, we discuss the construction safety of the three methods and obtain the influence order on construction stability, which is as follows: full-section method > step method > CRD method. It is concluded that the CRD method is the most suitable for urban intersection tunnel engineering in terms of safety. This study could offer valuable insights for selecting construction methods in urban intersection tunnel engineering and provide a foundation for evaluating the safety and stability of tunnel construction. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hazard Control and Emergency Rescue in Underground Engineering—2nd Edition)

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15 pages, 2356 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Coal Mine Rock Burst and Coal and Gas Outburst Perception Alarm Method Based on Visible Light Imagery

by Jijie Cheng, Yi Liu and Xiaowei Li

Sustainability 2023, 15(18), 13419; https://doi.org/10.3390/su151813419 - 7 Sep 2023

Viewed by 650

Abstract

To solve the current reliance of coal mine rock burst and coal and gas outburst detection on mainly manual methods and the problem wherein it is still difficult to ensure disaster warning required to meet the needs of coal mine safety production, a coal mine rock burst and coal and gas outburst perception alarm method based on visible light imagery is proposed. Real-time video images were collected by color cameras in key areas of underground coal mines; the occurrence of disasters was determined by noting when the black area of a video image increases greatly, when the average brightness is less than the set brightness threshold, and when the moving speed of an object resulting in a large increase in the black area is greater than the set speed threshold (V > 13 m/s); methane concentration characteristics were used to distinguish rock burst and coal and gas outburst accidents, and an alarm was created. A set of disaster-characteristic simulation devices was designed. A Φ315 mm white PVC pipe was used to simulate the roadway and background equipment; Φ10 mm rubber balls were used to replace crushed coal rocks; a color camera with a 2.8 mm focal length, 30 FPS, and 110° field angle was used for image acquisition. The results of our study show that the recognition effect is good, which verifies the feasibility and effectiveness of the method. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hazard Control and Emergency Rescue in Underground Engineering—2nd Edition)

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