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Power Quality Improvement Using Power Converters Powered by V2G Vehicles Charging Stations

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A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Energy Sustainability".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 6 June 2025 | Viewed by 18181

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Special Issue Editor

Dr. Dhanamjayulu Chittathuru

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Guest Editor

School of Electrical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India
Interests: multi-level inverter; high gain converter; multi-onput multi-output converter; bidirectional DC-DC converter for electric vehicle application; IoT based electric drives
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Grid-interactive renewable energy sources (RES) and electric vehicle (EV) systems are emerging technologies today, owing to lower energy costs and lower emission levels. Various research surveys have presented the effect of RES and EV grid integration in isolation. However, it is worth noting that, as RES and EVs continue to proliferate, the power grid is experiencing the combined effect of RES-EV integration. The EV distribution system network has an impact on the grid's power quality. The shunt active power filter is modelled using the popular neuro-fuzzy control technique for harmonic mitigation. The system performance improvement is analysed and compared to traditional compensation techniques. This special issue encourages researchers to share new developments and potential solutions addressing the aforementioned and other related topics in order to maximize the potential of these emerging technologies. Over the last decade, there has been a surge in interest in power quality. This paper investigates the writing for current applications of advanced artificial intelligence techniques in power quality (PQ). There is a substantial body of literature covering applications of fuzzy logic, expert systems, neural networks, and genetic algorithms in power quality. This special issue aims to encourage researchers to share new developments and potential solutions addressing the aforementioned and other related topics aiming to make the most out of these emerging technologies like ANN based power quality improvement in RES systems, State of the art literature on deep learning technologies and all other control aspects in power converters powered by V2G charging infrastructure. Further, review articles and survey papers on modern trends in the various fields will also be permitted.

Dr. Dhanamjayulu Chittathuru
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

grid-tied multilevel inverters
renewable energy
reinforcement learning
electric vehicle charging
grid connected EVs
integration of RES to electric vehicles and grid
convolutions neural networks
BMS for EV applications
artificial intelligence

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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24 pages, 6585 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Conceptual Framework for Modelling of an Electric Tractor and Its Performance Analysis Using a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor

by Chandrasekhar Reddy Gade and Razia Sultana Wahab

Sustainability 2023, 15(19), 14391; https://doi.org/10.3390/su151914391 - 29 Sep 2023

Viewed by 1054

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to model and validate the propulsion system of an electric tractor. Initially, the mathematical model of the ET and its load characteristics are developed based on the velocity profiles used in the agriculture ploughing operations. A PMSM is selected from the torque and power requirement of the ET. In order to replicate the ET load on the PMSM, the load is simulated in accordance with the specifications of the PMSM drive system. This article proposes a novel load-tracking control of the propulsion unit with the arrangement of a PMSM and dynamometer. The speed and torque of the propulsion motor are controlled separately using a decoupled control algorithm. The performance of the propulsion unit is verified under different load profiles of the ET. The load-tracking algorithm is used to improve the dynamic response of the propulsion motor. The propulsion system containing the mathematical model of the ET, PMSM and dynamometer is developed in MATLAB/SIMULINK and validated in a real-time environment using a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulator (OPAL-RT OP5700). The result proves that the proposed load-tracking algorithm provided a better dynamic performance of the propulsion unit. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Power Quality Improvement Using Power Converters Powered by V2G Vehicles Charging Stations)

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18 pages, 954 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Single Source Self-Balanced Boost MLI with Reduced Part Count for EV Applications

by Kancharapu Aditya, Y. Suresh, R. Dilip Kumar, B. Shiva Naik, B. Nageswar Rao and C. Dhanamjayulu

Sustainability 2023, 15(5), 4149; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15054149 - 24 Feb 2023

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1172

Abstract

As the use of inductor-based topologies demands a large amount of space, capacitor-based topologies have garnered attention. Electric Vehicles (EVs) are usually equipped with two-level inverters, which require separate control strategies for each level and synchronizing the strategies increases the complexity of operation and makes them unreliable. Therefore, a single-stage converter with boost and conversion abilities with better power quality at optimal component count and efficiency is needed. A novel capacitor-based boost multilevel inverter (CB-MLI) topology is proposed in this paper as it is found suitable for EV and HEV applications. It is capable of generating an eleven-level waveform with only eleven switches, three capacitors, and a single isolated source. The self-balancing property of the capacitors makes the topology one of a kind. A constant carrier PWM-based control strategy is utilized to switch the IGBTs. Testing results from hardware setup confirm the proposed capacitor-based CB-MLI topology operating modes and potentiality. Lastly, by highlighting the proposed and existing MLI circuits, the benefits of the recommended configuration are outlined by component count and total cost. Additionally, it is a simplified design that needs fewer footprint areas and space. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Power Quality Improvement Using Power Converters Powered by V2G Vehicles Charging Stations)

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25 pages, 4994 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Optimal Design of a Hybrid Off-Grid Renewable Energy System Using Techno-Economic and Sensitivity Analysis for a Rural Remote Location

by Chinna Alluraiah Nallolla and Vijayapriya Perumal

Sustainability 2022, 14(22), 15393; https://doi.org/10.3390/su142215393 - 19 Nov 2022

Cited by 22 | Viewed by 4458

Abstract

Due to the lack of grid power availability in rural areas, hybrid renewable energy sources are integrated with microgrids to distribute reliable power to remote locations. This optimal hybrid system is created using a solar photovoltaic system, wind turbine, diesel generator, battery storage system, converter, electrolyzer and hydrogen tank to provide uninterrupted power and meet different load demands of different communities in Doddipalli village, Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh, India. Optimization and techno-economic analysis are performed to design the proposed system using HOMER Software. Various configurations are obtained from the software among which the best four combinations are considered for case studies. This research article aims to design the optimal hybrid renewable energy system, wherein the design consists of PV/BS (1476 kW-solar PV, 417 batteries, electrolyser-200 kW, hydrogen tank-20 kg and 59.6 kW-converter) by comparing the minimum net present cost (NPC: $7.01 M), levelized cost of energy (LCOE: 0.244 $/kWh), and the high renewable fraction (RF: 84.1%). In this research, the proposed system would be more economical when solar energy becomes the primary source and is integrated with the battery. This research also presents a sensitivity analysis of the off-grid HRES system with various electrical load demands, project lifetime, and derating factors. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Power Quality Improvement Using Power Converters Powered by V2G Vehicles Charging Stations)

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Review

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71 pages, 52778 KiB

Open AccessReview

Isolated DC-DC Power Converters for Simultaneous Charging of Electric Vehicle Batteries: Research Review, Design, High-Frequency Transformer Testing, Power Quality Concerns, and Future

by Srinath Belakavadi Sudarshan and Gopal Arunkumar

Sustainability 2023, 15(3), 2813; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15032813 - 3 Feb 2023

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 5943

Abstract

The transportation industry is transitioning from conventional Internal Combustion Engine Vehicles (ICVs) to Electric Vehicles (EVs) due to the depletion of fossil fuels and the rise in non-traditional energy sources. EVs are emerging as the new leaders in the industry. Some essential requirements necessary for the widespread adoption of EVs include sufficient charging stations with numerous chargers, less to no wait time before charging, quick charging, and better range. To enable a quicker transition from ICVs to EVs, commercial organizations and governments would have to put in a mammoth effort, given the low number of installed chargers in developing nations such as India. One solution to lower the waiting time is to have multiple vehicles charging simultaneously, which might involve charging two- and four-wheelers simultaneously, even though their battery voltage ratings differ. This paper begins by providing the details of the power sources for EV charging, the charging levels and connector types, along with the specifications of some of the commercial chargers. The necessity of AC-DC converters in EV charging systems is addressed along with the power quality concerns due to the increased penetration of EVs. Next, a review of the existing research and technology of isolated DC-DC converters for simultaneous charging of EV batteries is provided. Further, several potential isolated DC-DC converter topologies for simultaneous charging are described with their design and loss estimation. A summary of the existing products and projects with simultaneous charging features is provided. Finally, insight is given into the future of simultaneous charging. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Power Quality Improvement Using Power Converters Powered by V2G Vehicles Charging Stations)

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35 pages, 4715 KiB

Open AccessReview

Scrutiny of Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems for Control, Power Management, Optimization and Sizing: Challenges and Future Possibilities

by Asmita Ajay Rathod and Balaji Subramanian

Sustainability 2022, 14(24), 16814; https://doi.org/10.3390/su142416814 - 14 Dec 2022

Cited by 13 | Viewed by 4225

Abstract

To fulfill fast-growing energy needs, all energy sources should be utilized. Renewable energy is infinite and clean. However, its main disadvantage is that renewable energy sources are intermittent. A Hybrid Renewable Energy System (HRES) is built by integrating several distinct energy sources to deal with this problem. In regards to energy economy, economics, dependability, and flexibility, these hybrid systems can surpass the limits of individual energy producing technologies. The power capacity of HRESs increased from 700 GW to 3100 GW globally over the period 2000–2021. This study aimed to offer and analyze a comprehensive literature review of recently published works by several researchers in the area of HRESs. The HRES contains different Hybrid Energy Systems (HESs), which are categorized into three parts, namely, PV_Other, Wind_Other and PV_Wind_Other. These systems, based on different optimization techniques/software with techno-economic objective functions and constraints, are reviewed in this paper. The optimal sizing, control, and power management strategies of the HRES are elaborately discussed to harness its potential. It has been determined that Metaheuristic (MH) methods and HOMER software are mostly employed in the fields of HRES sizing, control, power management, and optimization. The review provides a critical analysis of the shortcomings of the existing HRES systems, while choosing optimization parameters, and control and power management schemes. Moreover, the study encapsulates the various challenges/barriers in adopting HRESs. Finally, this review highlights possible future opportunities for PV, Wind, and other HESs in the area of control, power management, optimization, and optimal sizing. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Power Quality Improvement Using Power Converters Powered by V2G Vehicles Charging Stations)

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