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Sustainable Energy Storage and Power System Design in the Context of Carbon Neutrality

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Energy Sustainability".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 June 2024 | Viewed by 5586

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
Interests: energy storage configuration; power system optimization; electricity market

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
Interests: power system optimization; electricity market; carbon trading market

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Under the goal of carbon neutralization, many countries are upgrading their power systems. More and more new energies are being connected to the grids. Renewable energy has the characteristics of high volatility, low inertia and inverse peak regulation, which is not conducive to the safe and stable operation of power systems. For the uncertainties of new energies, the grids are faced with unprecedented challenges. Among the potential measures, energy storage technology has placed great expectations. Energy storage technology can be applied in every link of a power system. On the power source side, energy storage systems provide frequency regulation services, track new energy outputs, absorb abandoned wind/PV, etc. On the power grid side, energy storage systems substitute grid upgrading, relieve line congestion, etc. On the power consumption side, the application scenarios are much richer. Energy storage systems provide voltage support, manage power consumption, improve power quality, etc. Energy storage systems, so to speak, are indispensable components for future power systems with high proportion new energies. The ideas and methods of power system design with energy storage systems are very different from traditional ones. Location, sizing, and operation of the energy storage systems are key issues of sustainable development. Power system design with multi-link energy storage is a new problem. This Special Issue focuses on the multi-values of energy storage, among which the coordinate planning and operation, the business model, the profit distribution, the carbon benefits, etc., are especially of interest.

The main topics of interest for this Special Issue include, but are not limited to:

  • Modeling and planning of energy storage systems;
  • Energy storage participates in the optimization of power grid regulation;
  • Energy storage participates in market operation strategy optimization;
  • Research on differentiated configuration of energy storage;
  • Research on interaction between energy storage and new energy generation;
  • Joint expansion planning of electric energy storage and other energy networks;
  • Novel market mechanism and business model caused by energy storage;
  • Carbon dioxide emission reduction using variety kinds of energy storage.

Prof. Dr. Weiqing Sun
Dr. Haibing Wang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • carbon neutrality
  • energy storage
  • power system planning
  • power system operation
  • market design

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

24 pages, 6604 KiB  
Article
Enhancing the Stability of an Isolated Electric Grid by the Utilization of Energy Storage Systems: A Case Study on the Rafha Grid
by Amer S. Alsalman, Talal Alharbi and Ahmed A. Mahfouz
Sustainability 2023, 15(17), 13269; https://doi.org/10.3390/su151713269 - 4 Sep 2023
Viewed by 912
Abstract
A system’s stability is affected by the generation types in the interconnected power system. For example, synchronous generators usually have high inertia sharing with the power system since they have rotating mass, and they usually have primary frequency response capability. On the other [...] Read more.
A system’s stability is affected by the generation types in the interconnected power system. For example, synchronous generators usually have high inertia sharing with the power system since they have rotating mass, and they usually have primary frequency response capability. On the other hand, renewable energy sources (RES) neither provide inertia to the system nor have a primary frequency response capability; hence, adding RES will impact the power system’s voltage, angle, and frequency stability. Battery energy storage systems (BESSs) have many applications in the future electric grid. From the stability perspective, BESSs can be used to increase the power system’s stability. A case study was conducted on the Rafha microgrid in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) to inspect a BESS’s influence on the Rafha microgrid’s stability and the impact of changing the BESS’s location, which might cause changes in the system stability after contingencies. In addition, we investigated which dynamic stability is affected if the BESS’s capacity changes. The microgrid is tested using contingencies that affect the system’s frequency, angle, and voltage stability using the power system simulator for engineering (PSS/E) software as a simulation platform. Finally, we investigated the technical impact of utilizing a BESS and its influence on economic operation. Full article
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17 pages, 6545 KiB  
Article
Design of Destruction Protection and Sustainability Low-Dropout Regulator Using an Electrostatic Discharge Protection Circuit
by Sang-Wook Kwon, Seung-Gu Jeong, Jeong-Min Lee and Yong-Seo Koo
Sustainability 2023, 15(13), 10126; https://doi.org/10.3390/su151310126 - 26 Jun 2023
Viewed by 1143
Abstract
In terms of sustainable power semiconductors, the embedding of an electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection circuit in an integrated circuit (IC) is an important aspect. In order for the semiconductor circuit to operate continuously or stably, a sufficient protection circuit against external surges must [...] Read more.
In terms of sustainable power semiconductors, the embedding of an electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection circuit in an integrated circuit (IC) is an important aspect. In order for the semiconductor circuit to operate continuously or stably, a sufficient protection circuit against external surges must be configured. The purpose of this thesis is not only to effectively operate the low-dropout (LDO) regulator according to the load current, but to also secure high reliability against ESD situations by embedding an ESD protection circuit at the IC level. Moreover, the existence and nonexistence of an ESD protection circuit at the IC level is directly related to reliability. The proposed LDO regulator has high reliability against ESD situations using an embedded silicon controlled rectifier (SCR)-based ESD protection circuit in the I/O clamp and power clamp. The results revealed that the LDO regulator can not only effectively control the output voltage according to the load current, but it can also stably maintain the output voltage against the ESD surge. Moreover, the proposed LDO regulator with an embedded ESD protection circuit implemented in a 0.13 μm BCD process maintained an undershoot voltage of 21 mV and overshoot voltage of 19 mV for a load current of 300 mA. Full article
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12 pages, 2391 KiB  
Article
Dynamic Modeling and Analysis of a Virtual Synchronous Generator with Supercapacitor
by Meiling Ma, Zhiyuan Zhi, Dong Han and Yushan Fan
Sustainability 2023, 15(2), 1248; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15021248 - 9 Jan 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1475
Abstract
With the continuous integration of new energy sources, the power system gradually begins to present the characteristics of a weak power grid. The system’s inertia decreases, leading to problems in the stability of the power grid. In this paper, a virtual synchronous generator [...] Read more.
With the continuous integration of new energy sources, the power system gradually begins to present the characteristics of a weak power grid. The system’s inertia decreases, leading to problems in the stability of the power grid. In this paper, a virtual synchronous generator model with a supercapacitor is analyzed. The supercapacitor provides additional virtual inertia to the system and suppresses system frequency disturbances more quickly. Bifurcation theory is used to analyze the nonlinear dynamics of the model. The bifurcation diagram of input active power is given in this paper, and the phase portraits and sequence diagrams of the frequency and power angle are presented to verify that, if the initial value of the system falls inside the stability region, the system can remain stable. If the initial value of the system falls outside the stability region, conversely, the system will lose stability. Finally, the simulation verifies the influence of the supercapacitor on the system inertia. The results show that the recovery speed of a small capacitance system is faster than that of a large capacitance system when disturbance occurs. It is concluded that, the smaller the supercapacitor is, the greater the virtual inertia it can provide. Full article
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20 pages, 2522 KiB  
Article
Energy Storage Configuration of Distribution Networks Considering Uncertainties of Generalized Demand-Side Resources and Renewable Energies
by Weiqing Sun, Yao Gong and Jing Luo
Sustainability 2023, 15(2), 1097; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15021097 - 6 Jan 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1338
Abstract
With the growing proportion of advanced metering infrastructures and intelligent controllable equipment in power grids, demand response has been regarded as an effective and easily implemented approach to meet the demand–supply equilibrium. This paper innovatively proposes generalized demand-side resources combining the demand response [...] Read more.
With the growing proportion of advanced metering infrastructures and intelligent controllable equipment in power grids, demand response has been regarded as an effective and easily implemented approach to meet the demand–supply equilibrium. This paper innovatively proposes generalized demand-side resources combining the demand response with an energy storage system and constructs a configuration model to obtain scheduling plans. Firstly, this paper analyzes the characteristics of generalized demand-side resources and models the translational loads, reducible loads and energy storage system. Secondly, a deterministic energy storage configuration model aiming at achieving the lowest operation cost of distribution networks is established, from which the scheduling scheme of generalized demand-side resources can be obtained. Then, the fuzzy membership function and the probability density function are used to represent the uncertainty of the demand response, the prediction error of renewable energy output and the generalized demand-side resources that do not participate in the demand response. Therefore, this paper simulates daily operations to modify the capacity of energy storage. The problem is solved by using Monte Carlo simulation, fuzzy chance-constrained programming and mixed-integer programming. Finally, the effectiveness of this model is demonstrated with case studies in a 33-node distribution network. The results show that the uncertainty of this system is solved effectively. When only considering generalized demand-side resources, the total cost is reduced by 9.5%. After considering the uncertainty, the total cost is also decreased 0.3%. Simultaneously, the validity of the model is verified. Full article
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