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Mechanism and Simulation of Water Erosion and Nutrient Loss on...
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Mechanism and Simulation of Water Erosion and Nutrient Loss on Hillslopes

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Water Erosion and Sediment Transport".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 September 2024 | Viewed by 928

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Chang Ao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
Interests: soil erosion; nutrient loss, terraced sloped cropland; soil and water conservation; subsurface drainage for salinity control
Dr. Weiming Xing

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Hydraulic Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
Interests: soil erosion; nutrient loss, soil crust; nitrogen and phosphorus loss; hydraulic dynamics; soil and water conservation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Soil erosion is a global issue, and severe soil erosion leads to the loss of nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium from the soil, resulting in a decline in soil fertility, reduction in soil quality, and increased agricultural non-point source pollution of water environments. Moreover, surface soil erosion alters soil texture and accelerates desertification in arid regions. Therefore, nutrient loss through soil erosion is not only an agricultural problem, but also an ecological and environmental concern. Soil nutrient loss on hillslopes is a complex physical–chemical process influenced by various factors, including rainfall characteristics, soil properties, land surface conditions, and the properties of involved chemical substances. To effectively predict and control the migration of soil nutrients in tandem with surface runoff, it is necessary to analyze and study this complex process.

This Special Issue, titled “Mechanism and Simulation of Water Erosion and Nutrient Loss on Hillslopes”, aims to provide an overview of studies that assess various nutrient loss processes using qualitative and quantitative approaches. Potential areas of interest include, but are not limited to, topics such as numerical simulations, conceptual models, experimental studies, and future predictions of nutrient loss on hillslopes.

Dr. Chang Ao
Dr. Weiming Xing
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Water is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • hillslope
  • soil nutrients
  • surface runoff
  • soil loss
  • hydrological simulation
  • dynamic mechanisms
  • simulation models
  • nutrient loss control

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

18 pages, 3122 KiB  
Article
Responses of Soil and Ammonia Nitrogen Loss Rates to Hydraulic Parameters under Different Slope Gradients and Rainfall Intensities
by Hao Yang, Chenchen Wei, Guanghui Sun, Xueqing Tao, Yitong Wang and Weimin Xing
Water 2024, 16(2), 230; https://doi.org/10.3390/w16020230 - 9 Jan 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 746
Abstract
Soil erosion and the consequent loss of nutrients have consistently been significant factors contributing to land degradation and nonpoint source pollution. While runoff serves as the primary carrier for nutrient loss, the hydraulic processes governing the mechanisms of nutrient loss remain not entirely [...] Read more.
Soil erosion and the consequent loss of nutrients have consistently been significant factors contributing to land degradation and nonpoint source pollution. While runoff serves as the primary carrier for nutrient loss, the hydraulic processes governing the mechanisms of nutrient loss remain not entirely clear. This paper aims to investigate the impacts of rainfall intensity and the slope gradient on hydraulic parameters, soil loss rates, and ammonia nitrogen loss rates, with the objective of determining the optimal hydraulic parameters for more accurate predictions of soil erosion and nutrient loss rates. A series of simulated rainfall experiments with three rainfall intensities (25, 50, and 75 mm min−1) and four slope gradients (8.7%, 17.6%, 26.8%, and 36.4%) were conducted on a 5 m × 10 m slope. The results indicated that the flow velocity, shear stress, stream power, unit stream power, and unit energy all increased with the increase in slope gradient or rainfall intensity. The water depth decreased with an increase in the slope gradient but increased with an increase in the rainfall intensity. Laminar flow occurred in all experiments (Reynolds number < 500). Only the overland flow under a 25 mm h−1 rainfall intensity and 8.7% slope gradient was subcritical flow (Froude number < 1). Hydraulic parameters, the soil loss rate, and ammonia nitrogen loss rate could be all expressed as the product of rainfall intensity and slope power function, with R2 ranging from 0.949 to 0.997. The average soil loss rate and process soil erosion rate could both be fitted using the power function of hydraulic parameters, with the optimal fitting parameter being stream power (R2 = 0.980 and 0.909). The average ammonia nitrogen loss rate exhibited a linear relationship with the hydraulic parameters, and the optimal fitting parameter was also stream power (R2 = 0.933). However, there were relatively low correlations between hydrodynamic parameters and the ammonia nitrogen loss rate (R2 = 0.450–0587). Our results contribute to a deeper understanding of the hydraulic processes involved in nutrient loss. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechanism and Simulation of Water Erosion and Nutrient Loss on Hillslopes)
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