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Antimicrobial Resistance in the Urban Water Cycle and Natural Aquatic...
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Antimicrobial Resistance in the Urban Water Cycle and Natural Aquatic Environments

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Water Quality and Contamination".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2022) | Viewed by 19782

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Charmaine Ng

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
NUS Environmental Institute, E2S2, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore
Interests: antimicrobial resistance; microbial water quality; pathogens; microbiomes; resistomes; wastewater; urban water cycle
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Le Thai Hoang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Environmental and Food Engineering, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Interests: antimicrobial resistance; environmental microbiology; molecular biology
Dr. Goh Shin Giek

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
NUS Environmental Institute, E2S2, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore
Interests: microbial water quality; antimicrobial resistance; microbial risk assessment; water quality modeling

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) continues to be an important global health challenge. Rapid urbanization, increased population density, and human/animal misuse of antibiotics contribute to the AMR burden in aquatic compartments that receives discharge from these activities and other sources.

To protect environmental health and reduce AMR burden in water resources, a holistic approach to surveillance, modeling dissemination patterns, and developing risk assessment frameworks offer solutions to manage the spread of AMR in aquatic environments. 

This Special Issue aims to feature novel detection methods, comprehensive and current trends in AMR surveillance data (e.g., antimicrobial agents/antibiotic resistant bacteria/antibiotic resistance profiles) in the urban water cycle and natural environments, the fate and transport (sources and sinks) of AMR, and risk models and assessments that will help in water management.

Dr. Charmaine Ng
Dr. Le Thai Hoang
Dr. Goh Shin Giek
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Water is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • antimicrobial resistance (antimicrobials, antibiotic resistant bacteria, antibiotic-resistant genes)
  • resistomes
  • urban water cycle (wastewaters, reclaimed waters)
  • natural aquatic environments (freshwater, marine)
  • modeling frameworks
  • AMR burden
  • transmission of AMR
  • mitigation of AMR risks

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 1313 KiB  
Article
Multiple Antibiotic Resistance in Escherichia coli Isolates from Fecal and Water Sources in Laguna Lake, Philippines
by Laurice Beatrice Raphaelle O. dela Peña, Mae Ashley G. Nacario, Nicole R. Bolo and Windell L. Rivera
Water 2022, 14(9), 1517; https://doi.org/10.3390/w14091517 - 09 May 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 8092
Abstract
Due to the misuse and overuse of antibiotics, antibiotic residues accumulate in natural environments, leading to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARBs). The presence of ARBs in bodies of water poses health hazards to the surrounding community. This study focused on Laguna Lake, [...] Read more.
Due to the misuse and overuse of antibiotics, antibiotic residues accumulate in natural environments, leading to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARBs). The presence of ARBs in bodies of water poses health hazards to the surrounding community. This study focused on Laguna Lake, the largest lake in the Philippines, which serves as a water source for agriculture and domestic purposes. We aimed to detect the presence of antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli from the lake waters and potential reservoirs of resistance as well as determine the multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) indices of the isolates. E. coli (n = 450) was isolated from fecal-associated samples (chicken, cow, pig, human, sewage) and water samples (sites in Laguna Lake and selected river tributaries). The isolates were subjected to an antibiotic resistance assay using VITEK 2®. Among the 16 antibiotics tested, the isolates exhibited varying resistance to 14, but complete susceptibility to amikacin and tigecycline was observed. Isolates were most frequently resistant to ampicillin (196/450, 43.6%). Among fecal-associated samples, chicken isolates exhibited the highest MAR index (0.174), whereas samples from Pila River exhibited the highest MAR index (0.152) among water samples. The results of this study demonstrate the presence of multidrug-resistant E. coli in samples collected around Laguna Lake and reveal fecal and sewage sources as potential reservoirs of ARBs in the water body. With this information, the public is urged to use antibiotics responsibly to help mitigate the spread of antibiotic resistance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Resistance in the Urban Water Cycle and Natural Aquatic Environments)
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16 pages, 9987 KiB  
Article
Antimicrobial Resistance of Heterotrophic Bacteria in Drinking Water-Associated Biofilms
by Zvezdimira Tsvetanova, Iva Tsvetkova and Hristo Najdenski
Water 2022, 14(6), 944; https://doi.org/10.3390/w14060944 - 17 Mar 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2842
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the major threats to human health and is becoming an environmental challenge for water resources too. Our study’s aim was: to assess the AMR of heterotrophic bacteria in drinking water-associated biofilms against six clinically important antibiotics; to [...] Read more.
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the major threats to human health and is becoming an environmental challenge for water resources too. Our study’s aim was: to assess the AMR of heterotrophic bacteria in drinking water-associated biofilms against six clinically important antibiotics; to compare the prevalence of antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) in drinking water and in the associated biofilms; to estimate biofilm formation ability of selected isolates. Culture-dependent methods were used in the population-based study of the biofilms and in assessment of the single-species biofilm formation ability and the AMR phenotype of the isolated strains. The population proportion of the bacteria resistant to each tested antibiotic significantly differed in the biofilms formed in drinking water from different sampling points. In all biofilms, the abundance of tetracycline- and ampicillin-resistant bacteria was low, and of streptomycin-resistant bacteria was high. An increased proportion of the bacteria resistant to ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol and streptomycin was detected in the biofilms compared to those found in the drinking water. The prevalence of ARB in the biofilms implies an impact on the drinking water quality and an assessment of the attached and the planktonic bacteria is needed to clarify the prevalence of AMR in the drinking water distribution system. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Resistance in the Urban Water Cycle and Natural Aquatic Environments)
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15 pages, 1145 KiB  
Article
Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in the Saigon River Impacted by Anthropogenic Activities
by Thong Truong, Thai Loc Hoang, Linh Thuoc Tran, Thi Phuong Thuy Pham and Thai-Hoang Le
Water 2021, 13(16), 2234; https://doi.org/10.3390/w13162234 - 17 Aug 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3172
Abstract
Despite of a high abundance of antibiotics, heavy metals, and organic matters detected in the Saigon River in Ho Chi Minh City, the level and spread of antibiotic resistance genes in this river are poorly understood. In this study, total 10 antibiotic resistance [...] Read more.
Despite of a high abundance of antibiotics, heavy metals, and organic matters detected in the Saigon River in Ho Chi Minh City, the level and spread of antibiotic resistance genes in this river are poorly understood. In this study, total 10 antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), including genes conferring resistance to aminoglycosides (aac(6)-Ib-cr), β-lactam antibiotics (blaCTX-M, blaSHV, blaTEM), quinolones (qnrA, qnrB), sulfonamides (sul1, sul2), trimethoprim (dfrA), efflux pump (oqxB), and three genes of genetic elements, including integron classes 1, 2, and 3 (intI1, intI2, intI3), are quantified by qPCR. Water samples were collected from the industrial, agricultural, residential, and less impacted areas for the wet and dry seasons. The results present high occurrence rates for 10 ARGs that were observed in all the sampling sites with the following order: sul1, sul2, dfrA > aac(6)-Ib-cr > blaCTX-M, blaSHV, blaTEM > qnrA, qnrB. Although the levels of ARGs and integrons in the dry season were found about to be about one order of magnitude higher than those in the wet season, the exact mechanisms for this are not fully clear. The correlation analysis presented here suggests that the contamination of organic matter and nutrients from agricultural, industrial, and residential activities likely contributes to the prevalence of ARGs, integrons, total bacterial load, and the potential development and spread of antibiotic resistance in the aquatic environments considered here. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Resistance in the Urban Water Cycle and Natural Aquatic Environments)
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18 pages, 3502 KiB  
Article
Diversity of Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria in an Urbanized River: A Case Study of the Potential Risks from Combined Sewage Overflows
by Gabriella Balasa, Enjolie S. Levengood, Joseph M. Battistelli and Rima B. Franklin
Water 2021, 13(15), 2122; https://doi.org/10.3390/w13152122 - 01 Aug 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 4238
Abstract
Wastewater contamination and urbanization contribute to the spread of antibiotic resistance in aquatic environments. This is a particular concern in areas receiving chronic pollution of untreated waste via combined sewer overflow (CSO) events. The goal of this study was to expand knowledge of [...] Read more.
Wastewater contamination and urbanization contribute to the spread of antibiotic resistance in aquatic environments. This is a particular concern in areas receiving chronic pollution of untreated waste via combined sewer overflow (CSO) events. The goal of this study was to expand knowledge of CSO impacts, with a specific focus on multidrug resistance. We sampled a CSO-impacted segment of the James River (Virginia, USA) during both clear weather and an active overflow event and compared it to an unimpacted upstream site. Bacteria resistant to ampicillin, streptomycin, and tetracycline were isolated from all samples. Ampicillin resistance was particularly abundant, especially during the CSO event, so these isolates were studied further using disk susceptibility tests to assess multidrug resistance. During a CSO overflow event, 82% of these isolates were resistant to five or more antibiotics, and 44% were resistant to seven or more. The latter statistic contrasts starkly with the upstream reference site, where only 4% of isolates displayed resistance to more than seven antibiotics. DNA sequencing (16S rRNA gene) revealed that ~35% of our isolates were opportunistic pathogens, comprised primarily of the genera Stenotrophomonas, Pseudomonas, and Chryseobacterium. Together, these results demonstrate that CSOs can be a significant source of viable clinically-relevant bacteria to the natural environment and that multidrug resistance is an important understudied component of the environmental spread of antibiotic resistance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Resistance in the Urban Water Cycle and Natural Aquatic Environments)
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