Geochemical Water Monitoring

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Water Resources Management, Policy and Governance".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 September 2021) | Viewed by 4905

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Institute of Geoscience and Earth Resources – National Research Council of Italy (IGG-CNR), 56127 Pisa, Italy
Interests: geochemical; isotope; geochemical baseline; fingerprinting; statistical and geostatistical data processing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Geochemical and isotopic water monitoring as well as statistical and geostatistical data processing are expreriencing an explosive growth in both importance and potentiality. Researchers can offer to the real world the availability of new and ever more refined methodology to investigate the health of our water.

Every anthropogenic activity, including production processes in industrial plants and power plants as well as the disposal of waste materials, which may cause significant environmental impacts on groundwater, can be fingerprinted via appropriate chemical and isotopic characterization. The lack of detailed information about the several potential contamination sources can partially blind our investigator eyes, causing the loss of capacity to trace and quantify contamination events. Moreover, upon release into the environment, the polluting substance is quickly dispersed through transport processes such as circulation of air masses and advection in groundwater and surface waters. In addition, in areas strongly affected by human activities, there are multiple contamination sources, and it is fundamental to assess the provenance of a given polluting substance for the correct application of the “Polluter Pays Principle”.

Taking into account the maximum admissible concentrations of pollutants represents a necessary, preliminary step. However, it is well known that it is not enough to assess contamination sources. Chemical and isotopic data have to be applied, together with geochemical modeling and fingerprinting techniques, to highlight active processes and to establish the provenance of polluting substances.

This Special Issue solicits contributions on geochemical water monitoring studies and statistical and geostatistical data processing, focused on fingerprinting of the source of contaminant, and methodology and techniques to follow the path and the fate of pollution events.

Dr. Brunella Raco
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Geochemical and isotopic monitoring of different acquifers and surface waters
  • Contamination assessment in different anthropogenic site
  • Experience in geochemical environmental forensics
  • Evaluation of geochemical baseline
  • Origin and evolution of pollutants linked to natural and anthropogenic source
  • Methodological protocol focus on contaminant fingerprinting

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 4853 KiB  
Article
Geochemical Implication of Chemical Composition of Mineral Water (Bottled Water) Produced Near Mt. Baekdu (Changbai), Northeast China
by Seung-Gu Lee, Dong-Chan Koh, Kyoochul Ha, Kyung-Seok Ko, Youn Soo Lee, Youn-Young Jung, Zhihui Cheng and Shuang-Shuang Chen
Water 2021, 13(16), 2191; https://doi.org/10.3390/w13162191 - 11 Aug 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2050
Abstract
Two kinds of bottled mineral water from wells located in the northern (Baeksansu, BSS) and southern (Baekdusansu, BDS) areas near Mt. Baekdu (Changbai) were collected in order to monitor the chemical compositions of the groundwater near a potential volcanic area. The bottled water [...] Read more.
Two kinds of bottled mineral water from wells located in the northern (Baeksansu, BSS) and southern (Baekdusansu, BDS) areas near Mt. Baekdu (Changbai) were collected in order to monitor the chemical compositions of the groundwater near a potential volcanic area. The bottled water was produced between August 2014 and June 2017, and corresponds to the Na-HCO3 water type. The trend in variation of each chemical component between the two bottled waters was different. The BDS bottled water from the southern area of Mt. Baekdu showed a dramatic change in chemical composition during the study period, whereas the BSS bottled water from the northern area did not show any significant change in chemical composition. In particular, the BDS bottled water showed either systematic increases or decreases of chemical components relative to the Cl concentrations. However, the BSS bottled water did not show such trends. It was confirmed that the chemical composition in the groundwater was constant, even though the monitoring period lasted for about two years. Our data indicate that it may be possible to use the chemical composition of the bottle water produced from the groundwater in the volcanic area as a proxy for monitoring the geochemical environmental change of the groundwater aquifer. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Geochemical Water Monitoring)
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13 pages, 4171 KiB  
Article
An Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination in the Nakdong River Around the Weir
by Hee Won Son, Sun Hee Shim, Haeseong Oh and Jung Hyun Choi
Water 2021, 13(5), 684; https://doi.org/10.3390/w13050684 - 3 Mar 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2442
Abstract
In this study, the concentrations and characteristics of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and lead (Pb) contamination in sediment samples were investigated using aqua regia extraction and Tessier’s five-step sequential extraction. Based on the concentration of metals, the influence of the Hapcheon-Changnyeong weir on [...] Read more.
In this study, the concentrations and characteristics of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and lead (Pb) contamination in sediment samples were investigated using aqua regia extraction and Tessier’s five-step sequential extraction. Based on the concentration of metals, the influence of the Hapcheon-Changnyeong weir on sediments in the Nakdong River was assessed. The origins of the contaminants, their bioavailability, and their mobility were determined using sequential extraction. Greater concentrations of heavy metals were found in samples collected closer to the weir. The largest proportion of Cu was identified in the residual fraction based on sequential extraction, whereas Zn was predominantly found in the reducible fraction. Iron-manganese in the reducible fraction of Zn has the potential to leach back to the water body. In addition, the combined concentration of fractions 1 and 2 of Cu comprised more than 20% of total amount that still has potential to affect the water quality. The results of this study were compared with existing sediment standards set out by the NIER (National Institute of Environmental Research), Canada, and US EPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency) guidelines, as well as the risk assessment code (RAC). The concentrations of heavy metals exceeded the standards set by the Canadian guideline by up to four times in particular samples, highlighting the need for continual monitoring. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Geochemical Water Monitoring)
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