Prokaryotic Argonaute Proteins: A New Frontier in Point-of-Care Viral Diagnostics
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Argonaute Proteins: Structure and Function
2.1. Structural Overview
2.2. Biological Functions of Long pAgo
3. pAgo-Based POC Detection Technologies
3.1. PfAgo-Mediated Nucleic Acid Detection, PAND
3.2. Ultra-Short PCR and Pyrococcus furiosus Argonaute Combined Nucleic Acid Detection (USPCRP)
3.3. Ago-Directed Specific Target Enrichment and Detection (A-Star)
3.4. Multiplex Ago-Based Nucleic Acid Detection System (MULAN)
3.5. TtAgo-Assisted Exponential Isothermal Amplification for Multiplex Detection (TEAM)
3.6. Mesophilic Ago-Based Isothermal Detection Method (MAIDEN)
3.7. Tt Argonaute-Based Thermostable Exponential Amplification Reaction (TtAgoEAR)
3.8. Short Prokaryotic Argonaute/TIR-APAZ (SPARTA)-Based Nucleic Acid Detection Tool
Detection Platform | pAgo Protein | Amplification | Limit of Detection (LoD) | Target/Type | Detection Time | Signal Reading | Features | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PAND | PfAgo | PCR or tHDA | 1 copy/μL | HPV/DNA | 2 h | qPCR system | Multiplex target detection short qPCR instrument usage time | [45] |
USPCRP | PfAgo | usPCR | 10 aM | SARS-CoV-2, MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV/RNA | 70 min | Fluorescence detector 1 | less than two enzymes include short target enrichment time, detection of extremely short targets | [48] |
A-Star | PfAgo | PCR or RT-PCR | 0.01% mutant | KRAS G12D/DNA | N/A | qPCR system, Sanger sequencing | Improve the amplification efficiency of mutant genes, | [49] |
MULAN | PfAgo | RT-LAMP | 5 copies/μL | SARS-CoV-2, influenza virus/RNA | 35 min | Blue-light, qPCR system Lateral flow dipstick | One-pot detection, multiple detection | [43] |
TEAM | TtAgo | EXPAR | 1 aM | let-7/miRNA | 35 min | Fluorescence detector 1 | Multiple miRNA detection | [41] |
TtAgoEAR | TtAgo | EXPAR | 20 aM | SARS-CoV-2, HOTTIP/RNA | 80 min | qPCR system | Adaptable to a lateral-flow-based readout | [44] |
PLCR | PfAgo | LCR/RT-LCR | 1 aM | HPV, SARS-CoV-2/DNA or RNA | 100 min | fluorescence plate reader | Multiple detection | [40] |
NOTE-Ago | PfAgo | PCR | 1 CFU/mL | Salmonella typh, Staphylococcus aureus/DNA | 2 h | 3D-printed fluorescent reader | Fluorescent visualization | [52] |
RADAR | PfAgo | PCR or RT-PCR | 10–15 M | HPV, DNA | 2 h | Fuji FLA7000 scanner | Multiple detection, gene genotyping | [37] |
MAIDEN | Mesophilic Ago | Reverse transcription | 1 nM | SARS-CoV-2, RNA | 60 min | qPCR system | Portable, single-tube detection | [29] |
4. Discussion
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Protein Name | Host | Guide a | Target | Guide-Independent Activity | Iron | Reaction b Temperature | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
BlAgo | Brevibacillus laterosporus | P-DNA, OH-DNA | DNA | / | Mg2+, Mn2+ | 65 °C | [29] |
CbAgo | Clostridium butyricum | P-DNA, OH-DNA | DNA | Nicking of Plasmid,chopping of dsDNA | Mg2+, Mn2+, Co2+ | 30–54 °C | [21,30] |
CdAgo | Clostridium disporicum | P-DNA, OH-DNA | DNA | chopping of dsDNA, plasmid | Mn2+, weekly Mg2+, Co2+ | 37–55 °C | [31] |
CpAgo | Clostridium perfringens | P-DNA, OH-DNA | DNA | / | Mg2+, Mn2+ | 37–50 °C | [32] |
IbAgo | Intestinibacter bartlettii | P-DNA, OH-DNA | DNA | / | Mg2+, Mn2+ | 37–70 °C | [32] |
KmAgo | Kurthia massiliensis | P-DNA, OH-DNA, P-RNA | RNA | Nicking of Plasmid | Mn2+, Mg2+, weakly Co2+ | 45–55 °C | [33] |
LrAgo | Limnothrix rosea | P-DNA, OH-DNA | DNA | Nicking of Plasmid,chopping of dsDNA | Mn2+, Mg2+, weakly Co2+ | 50–54 °C | [21] |
MbpAgo | Mucilaginibacter paludis | P-DNA, OH-DNA | RNA | / | Mn2+, Mg2+ | 30–55 °C | [34] |
MfAgo | Methanocaldococcus fervens | P-DNA, OH-DNA, P-RNA | DNA | / | Mn2+, Mg2+, Co2+ | 80–90 °C | [35] |
MjAgo | Methanocaldococcus jannaschii | P-DNA, OH-DNA | DNA | chopping of dsDNA, plasmid | Mg2+ | 85–95 °C | [36] |
MpAgo | Marinitoga piezophila | OH-RNA, OH-DNA, P-DNA | DNA, RNA | / | Mn2+, Mg2+, weakly Ni2+ | 60 °C | [28] |
PfAgo | Pyrococcus furiosus | P-DNA | DNA, | Nicking of Plasmid | Mn2+, Co2+ | 90–99.9 °C | [22,37] |
Tce Ago | Thermobrachium celere | P-DNA, OH-DNA | DNA | / | Mn2+, Mg2+, Co2+, weekly Ca2+ | 40–60 °C | [38] |
TtAgo | Thermus thermophilus | P-DNA | DNA, RNA | chopping of dsDNA | Mn2+, Mg2+ | 50–75 °C | [25,39] |
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Sun, K.; Liu, Y.; Zhao, W.; Ma, B.; Zhang, M.; Yu, X.; Ye, Z. Prokaryotic Argonaute Proteins: A New Frontier in Point-of-Care Viral Diagnostics. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 14987. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241914987
Sun K, Liu Y, Zhao W, Ma B, Zhang M, Yu X, Ye Z. Prokaryotic Argonaute Proteins: A New Frontier in Point-of-Care Viral Diagnostics. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(19):14987. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241914987
Chicago/Turabian StyleSun, Kai, Yan Liu, Wei Zhao, Biao Ma, Mingzhou Zhang, Xiaoping Yu, and Zihong Ye. 2023. "Prokaryotic Argonaute Proteins: A New Frontier in Point-of-Care Viral Diagnostics" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 19: 14987. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241914987