Changes in the Phenotype of Intramural Inhibitory Neurons of the Porcine Descending Colon Resulting from Glyphosate Administration
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Investigate Substance | Control Group | Low-Dose Group | High-Dose Group | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MP | OSP | ISP | MP | OSP | ISP | MP | OSP | ISP | |
VIP | 8.56 | 10.34 | 12.77 | 8.68 | 16.07 * | 17.83 * | 19.43 *** | 21.78 *** | 23.14 *** |
±SEM | 0.30 | 0.47 | 0.89 | 0.44 | 0.72 | 1.05 | 1.88 | 1.33 | 0.89 |
PACAP | 9.83 | 7.54 | 6.56 | 9.50 | 12.34 ** | 6.49 | 15.88 ** | 22.98 *** | 13.60 ** |
±SEM | 0.23 | 0.56 | 0.84 | 0.88 | 1.56 | 0.93 | 1.57 | 2.04 | 0.99 |
nNOS | 31.98 | 33.15 | 38.29 | 36.65 * | 31.98 | 39.01 | 44.78 ** | 40.14 * | 41.58 * |
±SEM | 1.54 | 1.96 | 1.80 | 2.06 | 1.74 | 2.55 | 2.12 | 1.95 | 2.77 |
GAL | 7.12 | 5.87 | 9.74 | 6.60 | 5.56 | 13.99 * | 14.90 ** | 11.98 *** | 19.09 *** |
±SEM | 0.80 | 1.08 | 0.62 | 0.45 | 0.96 | 0.71 | 1.06 | 0.84 | 1.56 |
Primary Antibodies | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Antigen | Host Species | Catalogue Number | Final Dilution | Supplier |
Hu C/D | mouse | A-21271 | 1:1000 | Thermo Fisher Scientific. Waltham, MA, USA |
VIP | rabbit | VA1285 | 1:6000 | Biomol, Hamburg, Germany |
PACAP | guinea pig | T-5039 | 1:3000 | Peninsula, San Carlos, CA, USA |
nNOS | rabbit | AB5380 | 1:2000 | Sigma-Aldrich, Saint Louis, MO, USA |
GAL | rabbit | AB 2233 | 1:1000 | Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA |
Secondary Antibodies | ||||
Alexa Fluor 488 anti-mouse | donkey | A21202 | 1:1000 | Thermo Fisher Scientific. Waltham, MA, USA |
Alexa Fluor 488 anti-guinea pig | donkey | A11074 | 1:1000 | Thermo Fisher Scientific. Waltham, MA, USA |
Alexa Fluor 488 anti-rabbit | goat | A11010 | 1:1000 | Thermo Fisher Scientific. Waltham, MA, USA |
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Bulc, M.; Całka, J.; Palus, K. Changes in the Phenotype of Intramural Inhibitory Neurons of the Porcine Descending Colon Resulting from Glyphosate Administration. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 16998. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242316998
Bulc M, Całka J, Palus K. Changes in the Phenotype of Intramural Inhibitory Neurons of the Porcine Descending Colon Resulting from Glyphosate Administration. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(23):16998. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242316998
Chicago/Turabian StyleBulc, Michał, Jarosław Całka, and Katarzyna Palus. 2023. "Changes in the Phenotype of Intramural Inhibitory Neurons of the Porcine Descending Colon Resulting from Glyphosate Administration" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 23: 16998. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242316998