Cannabis Use and Endocannabinoid Receptor Genes: A Pilot Study on Their Interaction on Brain Activity in First-Episode Psychosis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
Aims of the Study
2. Results
2.1. Sample Description
2.2. Neuroimaging Association Analyses
2.2.1. Cannabis Use × CNR1 Variability Interaction Effect on Brain Activity
2.2.2. Cannabis Use × CNR2 Variability Interaction Effect on Brain Function
2.3. N-Back Behavioural Performance Analyses
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Participants and Study Design
4.2. Cannabis Use
4.3. fMRI Data Acquisition and fMRI Task Description
4.3.1. Acquisition Parameters
4.3.2. N-Back Task
4.3.3. N-Back Performance
4.4. Genotyping
4.5. Statistical Analyses
4.5.1. Clinical and Demographics Data Analyses
4.5.2. Neuroimaging Association Analyses
4.5.3. Behavioural Performance Association Analyses
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Cannabis Non-Users (CNU) | Cannabis Users (CU) | CNU vs. CU Comparison p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|
N | 20 | 20 | - |
Age (years) | 26.19 (7.72) | 25.94 (5.31) | 0.87 |
Sex (male/female) | 15/5 | 16/4 | 0.71 |
Premorbid IQ (TAP a) | 97.24 (11.29) | 98.78 (7.95) | 0.64 |
PANSS scale | |||
PANSS positive | 15.90 (5.86) | 18.45 (4.80) | 0.14 |
PANSS negative | 16.20 (8.46) | 16.95 (8.34) | 0.78 |
PANSS general | 30.25 (7.60) | 33.85 (8.92) | 0.18 |
GAF b | 52.11 (11.11) | 48.74 (10.94) | 0.36 |
CPZ c equivalents (mg/day) | 292.65 (145.16) | 301.20 (181.88) | 0.64 |
Gene (Polymorphism) | Genotypes | Cannabis Non-Users (CNU) | Cannabis Users (CU) | CNU vs. CU Comparison χ2 Test, p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
CNR1 (rs1049353) | CC | 14 (70%) | 12 (60%) | 0.440, 0.741 |
Tcar | 6 (30%) | 8 (40%) | ||
CNR2 (rs2501431) | AA | 6 (30%) | 9 (45%) | 0.960, 0.257 |
Gcar | 14 (70%) | 11 (55%) |
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Oscoz-Irurozqui, M.; Almodóvar-Payá, C.; Guardiola-Ripoll, M.; Guerrero-Pedraza, A.; Hostalet, N.; Salvador, R.; Carrión, M.I.; Maristany, T.; Pomarol-Clotet, E.; Fatjó-Vilas, M. Cannabis Use and Endocannabinoid Receptor Genes: A Pilot Study on Their Interaction on Brain Activity in First-Episode Psychosis. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 7501. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24087501
Oscoz-Irurozqui M, Almodóvar-Payá C, Guardiola-Ripoll M, Guerrero-Pedraza A, Hostalet N, Salvador R, Carrión MI, Maristany T, Pomarol-Clotet E, Fatjó-Vilas M. Cannabis Use and Endocannabinoid Receptor Genes: A Pilot Study on Their Interaction on Brain Activity in First-Episode Psychosis. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(8):7501. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24087501
Chicago/Turabian StyleOscoz-Irurozqui, Maitane, Carmen Almodóvar-Payá, Maria Guardiola-Ripoll, Amalia Guerrero-Pedraza, Noemí Hostalet, Raymond Salvador, Maria Isabel Carrión, Teresa Maristany, Edith Pomarol-Clotet, and Mar Fatjó-Vilas. 2023. "Cannabis Use and Endocannabinoid Receptor Genes: A Pilot Study on Their Interaction on Brain Activity in First-Episode Psychosis" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 8: 7501. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24087501