Development of Antimicrobial Surfaces Using Diamond-like Carbon or Diamond-like Carbon-Based Coatings
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Requirements for Conferring Antibacterial Properties to Object Surfaces
- Landing: Bacteria initially land on the surface of the foreign material.
- Adhesion and aggregation: Bacteria adhere to the surface and begin to aggregate.
- Biofilm formation: Bacteria protect themselves by forming a biofilm, creating small colonies.
- Colony maturation: The bacterial colonies mature, enhancing their resilience.
- Dispersal: Bacteria disperse from the mature colonies to colonize new areas.
- Preventing bacterial landing: Implementing strategies to keep bacteria from initially landing on the surface.
- Inhibiting adhesion and aggregation: Developing methods to prevent bacteria from adhering to and aggregating on the surface.
- Suppressing biofilm formation: Employing techniques to inhibit biofilm formation, thereby preventing the formation and maturation of bacterial colonies.
- Free energy;
- Tribology (smoothness, lubricity, friction, and wear);
- Topography;
- Surface chemical characteristics;
- Surface electrical properties;
- Surface Elasticity.
3. Surface Free Energy
4. Tribology
5. Surface Chemical Composition and Hardness
6. Surface Electrical Properties
7. Thickness and Density of the Biofunctional DLC Membrane
8. Surface Diffusion
9. Biocompatibility
10. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Fujii, Y.; Nakatani, T.; Ousaka, D.; Oozawa, S.; Sasai, Y.; Kasahara, S. Development of Antimicrobial Surfaces Using Diamond-like Carbon or Diamond-like Carbon-Based Coatings. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 8593. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25168593
Fujii Y, Nakatani T, Ousaka D, Oozawa S, Sasai Y, Kasahara S. Development of Antimicrobial Surfaces Using Diamond-like Carbon or Diamond-like Carbon-Based Coatings. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(16):8593. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25168593
Chicago/Turabian StyleFujii, Yasuhiro, Tatsuyuki Nakatani, Daiki Ousaka, Susumu Oozawa, Yasushi Sasai, and Shingo Kasahara. 2024. "Development of Antimicrobial Surfaces Using Diamond-like Carbon or Diamond-like Carbon-Based Coatings" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 16: 8593. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25168593