Differences in Acute Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinases-9, 3, and 2 Related to the Duration of Brain Ischemia and Tissue Plasminogen Activator Treatment in Experimental Stroke
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Effect of Ischemia Time and r-tPA Treatment on MMPs Expression in the Brain
2.2. Cellular Specificity of MMPs Expression in the Brain
2.3. Correlation between MMPs Expression and Ischemic Stroke Outcomes
2.4. Time-Related Effects of Ischemia and r-tPA Treatment on Neurobehavioral and Histological Outcomes Post Stroke
3. Discussion
Limitation
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Animals
4.2. Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion and Experimental Groups
4.3. Assessment of Neurologic Motor Skills
4.3.1. Neurologic Score
4.3.2. Corner Test
4.4. Analyses of Brain Hemorrhage, Infarction, and Swelling
4.5. Tissue Histology, Immunofluorescence Staining, and Image Analysis
4.6. Statistics
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Individual Factors | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ischemic Time (A) | Treatment, Ctl vs. r-tPA (C) | Hemisphere, NSH vs. SH (B) | ||||
p Value | %TV * | p Value | %TV | p Value | %TV | |
MMP-9 | <0.0001 | 24.7 | <0.0001 | 11.1 | <0.0001 | 25.2 |
MMP-2 | 0.0003 | 15.1 | 0.0016 | 8.7 | 0.007 | 6.2 |
MMP-3 | <0.0001 | 36.2 | 0.0153 | 4.7 | 0.0003 | 11.1 |
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Wang, D.; Saleem, S.; Sullivan, R.D.; Zhao, T.; Reed, G.L. Differences in Acute Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinases-9, 3, and 2 Related to the Duration of Brain Ischemia and Tissue Plasminogen Activator Treatment in Experimental Stroke. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 9442. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25179442
Wang D, Saleem S, Sullivan RD, Zhao T, Reed GL. Differences in Acute Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinases-9, 3, and 2 Related to the Duration of Brain Ischemia and Tissue Plasminogen Activator Treatment in Experimental Stroke. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(17):9442. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25179442
Chicago/Turabian StyleWang, Dong, Sofiyan Saleem, Ryan D. Sullivan, Tieqiang Zhao, and Guy L. Reed. 2024. "Differences in Acute Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinases-9, 3, and 2 Related to the Duration of Brain Ischemia and Tissue Plasminogen Activator Treatment in Experimental Stroke" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 17: 9442. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25179442