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Review

Allergies to Allergens from Cats and Dogs: A Review and Update on Sources, Pathogenesis, and Strategies

1
Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
2
Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
3
State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, No. 20, Dongda Street, Beijing 100071, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
These authors contribute equally to this work.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(19), 10520; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms251910520 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 20 August 2024 / Revised: 26 September 2024 / Accepted: 27 September 2024 / Published: 29 September 2024

Abstract

Inhalation allergies caused by cats and dogs can lead to a range of discomforting symptoms, such as rhinitis and asthma, in humans. With the increasing popularity of and care provided to these companion animals, the allergens they produce pose a growing threat to susceptible patients’ health. Allergens from cats and dogs have emerged as significant risk factors for triggering asthma and allergic rhinitis worldwide; however, there remains a lack of systematic measures aimed at assisting individuals in recognizing and preventing allergies caused by these animals. This review provides comprehensive insights into the classification of cat and dog allergens, along with their pathogenic mechanisms. This study also discusses implementation strategies for prevention and control measures, including physical methods, gene-editing technology, and immunological approaches, as well as potential strategies for enhancing allergen immunotherapy combined with immunoinformatics. Finally, it presents future prospects for the prevention and treatment of human allergies caused by cats and dogs. This review will improve knowledge regarding allergies to cats and dogs while providing insights into potential targets for the development of next-generation treatments.
Keywords: allergy; pet allergen; epitope; IgY antibody; immunotherapy allergy; pet allergen; epitope; IgY antibody; immunotherapy

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

An, W.; Li, T.; Tian, X.; Fu, X.; Li, C.; Wang, Z.; Wang, J.; Wang, X. Allergies to Allergens from Cats and Dogs: A Review and Update on Sources, Pathogenesis, and Strategies. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 10520. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms251910520

AMA Style

An W, Li T, Tian X, Fu X, Li C, Wang Z, Wang J, Wang X. Allergies to Allergens from Cats and Dogs: A Review and Update on Sources, Pathogenesis, and Strategies. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(19):10520. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms251910520

Chicago/Turabian Style

An, Wei, Ting Li, Xinya Tian, Xiaoxin Fu, Chunxiao Li, Zhenlong Wang, Jinquan Wang, and Xiumin Wang. 2024. "Allergies to Allergens from Cats and Dogs: A Review and Update on Sources, Pathogenesis, and Strategies" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 19: 10520. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms251910520

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