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Article

Assessing the Usefulness of Interleukin-8 as a Biomarker of Inflammation and Metabolic Dysregulation in Dairy Cows

by
Kamila Puppel
*,
Jan Slósarz
,
Paweł Solarczyk
,
Grzegorz Grodkowski
,
Piotr Kostusiak
,
Aleksandra Kalińska
,
Marek Balcerak
,
Małgorzata Kunowska-Slósarz
and
Marcin Gołębiewski
Institute of Animal Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(20), 11129; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252011129
Submission received: 8 September 2024 / Revised: 15 October 2024 / Accepted: 16 October 2024 / Published: 16 October 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Enzymes in Metabolic Processes)
Versions Notes

Abstract

The study aimed to evaluate interleukin-8 (IL-8) as a biomarker for udder inflammation in dairy cows and to explore its associations with various metabolic parameters indicative of systemic inflammation and metabolic dysregulation. Dairy cows (multiparous) were categorized into five somatic cell count (SCC) classes: Class I (<100,000 cells/mL; n = 45), Class II (100,000–200,000 cells/mL; n = 62), Class III (201,000–400,000 cells/mL; n = 52), Class IV (401,000–1,000,000 cells/mL; n = 73), and Class V (>1,000,000 cells/mL; n = 56). The study quantified IL-8 levels and analyzed their correlations with NEFAs (non-esterified fatty acids), BHBA (beta-hydroxybutyrate), GGTP (gamma-glutamyltransferase), and AspAT (aspartate aminotransferase). IL-8 concentrations demonstrated a significant and progressive increase across the SCC classes, establishing a strong positive correlation with SCC (p < 0.01). Additionally, IL-8 levels exhibited positive correlations with GGTP (p < 0.01) and AspAT (p < 0.01), indicating that elevated IL-8 is associated with increased hepatic enzyme activities and potential liver dysfunction. Furthermore, IL-8 showed significant positive correlations with NEFAs (p < 0.01) and BHBA (p < 0.05), linking higher IL-8 levels to metabolic disturbances such as ketosis and negative energy balance. Variations in metabolic parameters, including NEFAs, BHBA, GGTP, and AspAT, across the SCC classes underscored the association between elevated SCC levels and metabolic dysregulation in dairy cows. These findings highlight the interrelated nature of the inflammatory responses and metabolic disturbances in dairy cattle, emphasizing that an elevated SCC not only signifies udder inflammation but also correlates with systemic metabolic alterations indicative of ketosis and liver damage.
Keywords: interleukin-8; SCC; GGTP; AspAT; dairy cows; inflammation; metabolic health; mastitis; ketosis interleukin-8; SCC; GGTP; AspAT; dairy cows; inflammation; metabolic health; mastitis; ketosis

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MDPI and ACS Style

Puppel, K.; Slósarz, J.; Solarczyk, P.; Grodkowski, G.; Kostusiak, P.; Kalińska, A.; Balcerak, M.; Kunowska-Slósarz, M.; Gołębiewski, M. Assessing the Usefulness of Interleukin-8 as a Biomarker of Inflammation and Metabolic Dysregulation in Dairy Cows. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 11129. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252011129

AMA Style

Puppel K, Slósarz J, Solarczyk P, Grodkowski G, Kostusiak P, Kalińska A, Balcerak M, Kunowska-Slósarz M, Gołębiewski M. Assessing the Usefulness of Interleukin-8 as a Biomarker of Inflammation and Metabolic Dysregulation in Dairy Cows. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(20):11129. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252011129

Chicago/Turabian Style

Puppel, Kamila, Jan Slósarz, Paweł Solarczyk, Grzegorz Grodkowski, Piotr Kostusiak, Aleksandra Kalińska, Marek Balcerak, Małgorzata Kunowska-Slósarz, and Marcin Gołębiewski. 2024. "Assessing the Usefulness of Interleukin-8 as a Biomarker of Inflammation and Metabolic Dysregulation in Dairy Cows" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 20: 11129. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252011129

APA Style

Puppel, K., Slósarz, J., Solarczyk, P., Grodkowski, G., Kostusiak, P., Kalińska, A., Balcerak, M., Kunowska-Slósarz, M., & Gołębiewski, M. (2024). Assessing the Usefulness of Interleukin-8 as a Biomarker of Inflammation and Metabolic Dysregulation in Dairy Cows. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 25(20), 11129. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252011129

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