Exogenous Melatonin Modulates Photosynthesis and Antioxidant Systems for Improving Drought Tolerance of Sorghum Seedling
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Plant Material
2.2. Experimental Design
2.3. Relative Leaf Water Content
2.4. Leaf Pigment Content and Photosynthetic Parameters
2.4.1. Determination of Leaf Pigment Content
2.4.2. Determination of Leaf Photosynthetic Parameters
2.5. Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters, Relative Electron Transport Efficiency Light Response Curve, and OJIP Measurement
2.5.1. Determination of Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters
2.5.2. Relative Electron Transport Efficiency Light Response Curve and OJIP Determination
2.6. Observation of Chloroplast Ultrastructure and Determination of Chloroplast Antioxidant Substances
2.6.1. Observation of Chloroplast Ultrastructure
2.6.2. Determination of Antioxidants in Chloroplast
2.7. DAB Staining and Relative Conductivity Measurement
2.7.1. DAB Staining of Leaves
2.7.2. Determination of Relative Leaf Conductivity
2.7.3. Determination of Hydrogen Peroxide Content
2.8. Antioxidant Enzyme Activity and MDA Content in Leaves
2.9. Determination of Leaf Proline and Soluble Sugars
2.9.1. Determination of Proline Content in Leaves
2.9.2. Determination of Soluble Sugars in Leaves
2.10. Determination of Melatonin Content in Leaves
2.11. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Effects of Exogenous Melatonin on Growth and Water Status of Sorghum Seedlings under Drought Stress
3.1.1. Plant Growth
3.1.2. Leaf Water Status
3.2. Effects of Exogenous Melatonin on Photosynthetic Characteristics of Sorghum Seedlings under Drought Stress
3.2.1. Effects of Exogenous Melatonin on Chlorophyll Content of Sorghum Seedlings under Drought Stress
3.2.2. Effects of Exogenous Melatonin on Leaf Photosynthetic Parameters of Sorghum Seedlings under Drought Stress
3.2.3. Effects of Exogenous Melatonin on Leaf Fluorescence Parameters of Sorghum Seedlings under Drought Stress
3.2.4. Effects of Exogenous Melatonin on Relative Electron Transfer Efficiency and OJIP
3.2.5. Effects of Exogenous Melatonin on Chloroplast Ultrastructure of Leaves of Sorghum Seedlings under Drought Stress
3.3. Effects of Exogenous Melatonin on DBA Staining, Membrane Damage and Antioxidant System in Leaves of Sorghum Seedlings under Drought Stress
3.3.1. Effects of Exogenous Melatonin on DAB Staining of Sorghum Seedling Leaves under Drought Stress
3.3.2. Effects of Exogenous Melatonin on Leaf Cell Membrane Damage of Sorghum Seedlings under Drought Stress
3.3.3. Effects of Exogenous Melatonin on Antioxidant Enzyme Activity in Leaves of Sorghum Seedlings under Drought Stress
3.3.4. Effects of Exogenous Melatonin on Antioxidant System in Chloroplasts of Leaves of Sorghum Seedlings under Drought Stress
3.4. Effects of Exogenous Melatonin on Contents of Proline and Soluble Sugar in Leaves of Sorghum Seedlings under Drought Stress
3.5. Effects of Exogenous Melatonin on Melatonin Content of Sorghum Seedling Leaves under Drought Stress
3.6. Exploring the Correlation between the Treatment and the Measurement Indexes by Cluster Heat Maps and Principal Component Analysis
4. Discussion
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Bo, Y.; Xing, Y.; Wang, Y.; Gu, W.; Jiang, X.; Yu, J.; Shi, X.; Liu, C.; Liu, C.; Zhou, Y. Exogenous Melatonin Modulates Photosynthesis and Antioxidant Systems for Improving Drought Tolerance of Sorghum Seedling. Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2024, 46, 9785-9806. https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb46090581
Bo Y, Xing Y, Wang Y, Gu W, Jiang X, Yu J, Shi X, Liu C, Liu C, Zhou Y. Exogenous Melatonin Modulates Photosynthesis and Antioxidant Systems for Improving Drought Tolerance of Sorghum Seedling. Current Issues in Molecular Biology. 2024; 46(9):9785-9806. https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb46090581
Chicago/Turabian StyleBo, Yushan, Yifan Xing, Yu Wang, Wendong Gu, Xinyi Jiang, Jiarui Yu, Xiaolong Shi, Chunjuan Liu, Chang Liu, and Yufei Zhou. 2024. "Exogenous Melatonin Modulates Photosynthesis and Antioxidant Systems for Improving Drought Tolerance of Sorghum Seedling" Current Issues in Molecular Biology 46, no. 9: 9785-9806. https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb46090581