Eugenol Reduced ΜPO, CD45 and HMGB1 Expression and Attenuated the Expression of Leukocyte Infiltration Markers in the Intestinal Tissue in Biliopancreatic Duct Ligation-Induced Pancreatitis in Rats
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Animal Care and Handling
2.2. Experimental Design
2.3. Histopathological Examination and Immunohistochemical Staining
2.4. Determination of Serum Protein Levels
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Histopathological Findings
3.2. Eugenol Treatment Mainly Affects Serum IL-6 and Resistin Levels
3.3. Eugenol Affects IL-6 and TNFα Pancreatic Expression
3.4. Eugenol Affects TNFα, MPO, CD45, and HMGB1 Expression in the Intestinal Tissue
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Hyperemia | Inflammatory Infiltrate in Mucosal Layer | Inflammatory Infiltrate in Submucosal Layer | Inflammatory Infiltrate in Muscular Layer | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
sham | 6 | 1 (0.25–1) | 0.50 (0–1) | 0.5 (0–1) | 0 (0) |
12 | 0.50 (0–1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0.5 (0–1) | |
24 | 1 (0.25–1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0–0.75) | |
48 | 0.50 (0–1) | 0 (0–0.75) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
72 | 1 (0.25–1) | 0 (0–0.75) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
AP | 6 | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
12 | 1 (0.25–1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0–1) | |
24 | 1 (1) | 0 (0–0.75) | 0.5 (0–1) | 0 (0) | |
48 | 1.50 (1–2) * | 0.5 (0–1) | 1 (0.25–1) | 0 (0–1) | |
72 | 2 (2) * | 1 (1) * | 1 (1) * | 1 (1) * | |
AP + eugenol | 6 | 0.50 (0–1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
12 | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
24 | 0 (0–1) ** | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
48 | 1 (1) | 0 (0–0.75) | 0 (0–0.75) | 1 (0–1) | |
72 | 1 (1–1.75) ** | 0.50 (0–1) ** | 1 (0–1) ** | 1 (0–1) ** |
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Oikonomou, P.; Nikolaou, C.; Papachristou, F.; Sovatzidis, A.; Lambropoulou, M.; Giouleka, C.; Kontaxis, V.; Linardoutsos, D.; Papalois, A.; Pitiakoudis, M.; et al. Eugenol Reduced ΜPO, CD45 and HMGB1 Expression and Attenuated the Expression of Leukocyte Infiltration Markers in the Intestinal Tissue in Biliopancreatic Duct Ligation-Induced Pancreatitis in Rats. Medicina 2024, 60, 74. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60010074
Oikonomou P, Nikolaou C, Papachristou F, Sovatzidis A, Lambropoulou M, Giouleka C, Kontaxis V, Linardoutsos D, Papalois A, Pitiakoudis M, et al. Eugenol Reduced ΜPO, CD45 and HMGB1 Expression and Attenuated the Expression of Leukocyte Infiltration Markers in the Intestinal Tissue in Biliopancreatic Duct Ligation-Induced Pancreatitis in Rats. Medicina. 2024; 60(1):74. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60010074
Chicago/Turabian StyleOikonomou, Panagoula, Christina Nikolaou, Fotini Papachristou, Apostolos Sovatzidis, Maria Lambropoulou, Charikleia Giouleka, Vasileios Kontaxis, Dimitrios Linardoutsos, Apostolos Papalois, Michael Pitiakoudis, and et al. 2024. "Eugenol Reduced ΜPO, CD45 and HMGB1 Expression and Attenuated the Expression of Leukocyte Infiltration Markers in the Intestinal Tissue in Biliopancreatic Duct Ligation-Induced Pancreatitis in Rats" Medicina 60, no. 1: 74. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60010074