Self-Compassion and Physical Activity: The Underpinning Role of Psychological Distress and Barrier Self-Efficacy
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Measures
2.2.1. Self-Compassion
2.2.2. Psychological Distress
2.2.3. Barrier Self-Efficacy
2.2.4. Physical Activity
2.3. Procedures
2.4. Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Preliminary Analysis
3.2. Main Analysis
3.2.1. Direct and Indirect Effects on Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity (MVPA)
3.2.2. Direct and Indirect Effects on Light Physical Activity (LPA)
3.2.3. Direct and Indirect Effects on Sedentary Behaviour (SB)
3.2.4. Direct and Indirect Effects on Barrier Self-Efficacy (BSE)
4. Discussion
4.1. Summary of Findings
4.2. Highlights and Implications
4.3. Limitations, Strengths and Other Future Directions
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Measure | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. Age (year) | 0.24 ** | 0.20 ** | −0.32 ** | 0.05 | −0.08 * | −0.04 | −0.04 | |
2. Sex (0—female, 1—male) | – | 0.11 ** | −0.19 ** | 0.07 | −0.05 | 0.01 | 0.11 ** | |
3. Self-compassion | (0.82) | −0.75 ** | 0.25 ** | −0.05 | 0.01 | 0.12 ** | ||
4. Psychological distress | (0.90) | −0.23 ** | 0.03 | −0.02 | −0.11 ** | |||
5. Barrier self-efficacy | (0.89) | −0.10 * | 0.13 ** | 0.39 ** | ||||
6. Sedentary time (min/day) | −0.18 ** | −0.10 * | ||||||
7. LPA (min/day) | 0.18 * | |||||||
8. MVPA PA (min/day) | ||||||||
Mean | 41.92 | 0.52 | 3.26 | 2.46 | 5.17 | 421.74 | 40.53 | 29.26 |
SD | 13.70 | 0.50 | 0.84 | 0.99 | 2.55 | 210.41 | 36.38 | 27.42 |
Variable | SC | PD | BSE | SB | LPA | MVPA |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SC | −0.85 (−0.75) * | 0.47 (0.15) * | −14.95 (−0.06) | −1.58 (−0.04) | 0.38 (0.01) | |
PD | −0.30 (−0.11) | −11.23 (−0.05) | −0.58 (−0.02) | 0.06 (0.00) | ||
BSE | −7.61 (−0.05) * | 1.78 (0.13) * | 4.25 (0.40) * |
Mediation Path | Indirect Effect | Bootstrap SE | Bootstrap 95% CI |
---|---|---|---|
SC→BSE→SB ^ | −3.55 (−0.01) | 2.22 (0.01) | [−7.91, 0.81] (−0.03, 0.00) |
SC→PD→SB | 9.61 (0.04) | 12.71 (0.05) | [−15.31, 34.52] (−0.06, 0.14) |
SC→PD→BSE→SB ^ | −1.93 (−0.01) | 1.50 (0.01) | [−4.87, 1.00] (−0.02, 0.00) |
SC→BSE→LPA ^ | 0.83 (0.02) | 0.48 (0.01) | [−0.12, 1.77] (0.00, 0.04) |
SC→PD→LPA | 0.49 (0.01) | 2.00 (0.05) | [−3.43, 4.42] (−0.08, 0.10) |
SC→PD→BSE→LPA ^ | 0.45 (0.01) | 0.32 (0.01) | [−0.18, 1.08] (0.00, 0.03) |
SC→BSE→MVPA * | 1.98 (0.06) | 0.78 (0.02) | [0.45, 3.51] (0.01, 0.11) |
SC→PD→MVPA | −0.05 (−0.00) | 1.49 (0.05) | [−2.96, 2.86] (−0.10, 0.09) |
SC→PD→BSE→MVPA ^ | 1.08 (0.03) | 0.60 (0.02) | [−0.10, 2.26] (0.00, 0.07) |
SC→PD→BSE ^ | 0.25 (0.08) | 0.14 (0.04) | [0.00, 0.52] (0.00, 0.17) |
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Zhang, S.; Roscoe, C.; Pringle, A. Self-Compassion and Physical Activity: The Underpinning Role of Psychological Distress and Barrier Self-Efficacy. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20, 1480. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20021480
Zhang S, Roscoe C, Pringle A. Self-Compassion and Physical Activity: The Underpinning Role of Psychological Distress and Barrier Self-Efficacy. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2023; 20(2):1480. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20021480
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang, Shuge, Clare Roscoe, and Andy Pringle. 2023. "Self-Compassion and Physical Activity: The Underpinning Role of Psychological Distress and Barrier Self-Efficacy" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 2: 1480. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20021480