Psychological and Behavioral Factors Involved in Temporomandibular Myalgia and Migraine: Common but Differentiated Profiles
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Sample and Physical Examination
2.3. Sample Size
2.4. Evaluation of Psychological, Cognitive, and Emotional Factors
2.4.1. Anxiety Assessment
2.4.2. Depression Assessment
2.4.3. Psychopathological Symptoms Assessment
2.4.4. Stress Coping Assessment
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Anxiety (STAI Questionnaire)
3.2. Depression (ST/DEP Questionnaire)
3.3. Somatization, Depression, and Anxiety Symptoms (BSI-18)
3.4. Stress Coping Styles (CRI)
4. Discussion
4.1. Limitations and Strengths
4.2. Highlights and Future Directions
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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TMD−/MIGRAINE− | TMD−/MIGRAINE+ | TMD+/MIGRAINE− | TMD+/MIGRAINE+ | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Participants (n) | 39 | 20 | 23 | 60 |
Females (males) | 27 (12) | 16 (4) | 19 (4) | 52 (8) |
Mean Age | 37.8 | 34.2 | 35.1 | 42 |
Episodic Mig. | NA | 18 | NA | 26 |
Chronic Mig. | NA | 2 | NA | 34 |
Local myalgia | NA | NA | 2 | 13 |
Myofascial pain | NA | NA | 14 | 6 |
Myofascial pain with referral | NA | NA | 7 | 34 |
Headache attributed to TMD | NA | NA | 0 | 5 |
Arthralgia | NA | NA | 0 | 2 |
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Viñals Narváez, A.C.; Sánchez-Sánchez, T.; García-González, M.; Ardizone García, I.; Cid-Verdejo, R.; Sánchez Romero, E.A.; Jiménez-Ortega, L. Psychological and Behavioral Factors Involved in Temporomandibular Myalgia and Migraine: Common but Differentiated Profiles. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20, 1545. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20021545
Viñals Narváez AC, Sánchez-Sánchez T, García-González M, Ardizone García I, Cid-Verdejo R, Sánchez Romero EA, Jiménez-Ortega L. Psychological and Behavioral Factors Involved in Temporomandibular Myalgia and Migraine: Common but Differentiated Profiles. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2023; 20(2):1545. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20021545
Chicago/Turabian StyleViñals Narváez, Ana Cristina, Teresa Sánchez-Sánchez, Maria García-González, Ignacio Ardizone García, Rosana Cid-Verdejo, Eleuterio A. Sánchez Romero, and Laura Jiménez-Ortega. 2023. "Psychological and Behavioral Factors Involved in Temporomandibular Myalgia and Migraine: Common but Differentiated Profiles" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 2: 1545. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20021545