Synthesis Optimization of BaGdF5:x%Tb3+ Nanophosphors for Tunable Particle Size
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Methods
2.3. Synthesis
2.3.1. Terbium Content Optimization
2.3.2. Variation of Synthesis Conditions
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Terbium Content Optimization
3.1.1. X-Ray Diffraction of BaGdF5: x%Tb3+
3.1.2. X-Ray Fluorescence Measurements of BaGdF5: x%Tb3+
3.1.3. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) of BaGdF5: x%Tb3+
3.1.4. X-Ray Excited Optical Luminescence
3.2. Tuning Size of BaGdF5: 25Tb3+ Nanoparticles by Various Synthesis Conditions
3.2.1. X-Ray Diffraction of BaGdF5: 25Tb3+ Obtained by the MW and ST Techniques
3.2.2. Transmission Electron Microscopy Measurements of BaGdF5:25Tb3+ Obtained by MW and ST Techniques
3.2.3. Microwave Synthesis at Different Temperature and Different Percentage of EG
3.2.4. Solvothermal Synthesis at Different Temperature and Different Percentage of EG
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample | BaCl2 ∙ 2H2O | GdCl3 | TbCl3 ∙ 6H2O | NH4F | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
mg | mmol | mg | mmol | mg | mmol | mg | mmol | |
5Tb MW | 244.3 | 1 | 250.4 | 0.95 | 13.3 | 0.05 | 203.7 | 5.5 |
10Tb MW | 210.9 | 0.9 | 26.5 | 0.1 | ||||
25Tb MW | 197.7 | 0.75 | 66.3 | 0.25 | ||||
50Tb MW | 131.8 | 0.5 | 132.6 | 0.5 |
Type of Synthesis | Sample | % EG | Temperature, °C |
---|---|---|---|
Microwave (MW) | 25Tb MW 100EG 200T | 100 | 200 |
25Tb MW 50EG | 50 | ||
25Tb MW 25EG | 25 | ||
25Tb MW 10EG | 10 | ||
25Tb MW 0EG | 0 | ||
25Tb MW 100EG 150T | 100 | 150 | |
25Tb MW 100EG 100T | 100 | 100 | |
Solvothermal (ST) | 25Tb ST 100EG 200T | 100 | 200 |
25Tb ST 50EG | 50 | ||
25Tb ST 25EG | 25 | ||
25Tb ST 10EG | 10 | ||
25Tb ST 0EG | 0 | ||
25Tb ST 100EG 100T | 100 | 100 | |
25Tb ST 100EG RT | 100 | RT |
Sample | Expected Tb Content, at. % | Actual Tb Content, at. % | Cell Parameters. Å | Cell Volume. Å3 | Goodness of Fit (GOF) | R-Factor | Crystal Size. nm |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
5Tb MW | 0.71 | 0.45 | 5.9310(12) | 208.64(7) | 1.03 | 0.1282 | 8.53 |
10Tb MW | 1.43 | 1.37 | 5.9279(14) | 208.30(8) | 1.12 | 0.1120 | 8.87 |
25Tb MW | 3.57 | 3.78 | 5.9201(16) | 207.49(3) | 1.04 | 0.1546 | 7.67 |
50Tb MW | 7.14 | 6.91 | 5.9034(9) | 205.73(5) | 0.99 | 0.1141 | 10.25 |
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Polyakov, V.; Gadzhimagomedova, Z.; Kirsanova, D.; Soldatov, A. Synthesis Optimization of BaGdF5:x%Tb3+ Nanophosphors for Tunable Particle Size. Materials 2022, 15, 8559. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15238559
Polyakov V, Gadzhimagomedova Z, Kirsanova D, Soldatov A. Synthesis Optimization of BaGdF5:x%Tb3+ Nanophosphors for Tunable Particle Size. Materials. 2022; 15(23):8559. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15238559
Chicago/Turabian StylePolyakov, Vladimir, Zaira Gadzhimagomedova, Daria Kirsanova, and Alexander Soldatov. 2022. "Synthesis Optimization of BaGdF5:x%Tb3+ Nanophosphors for Tunable Particle Size" Materials 15, no. 23: 8559. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15238559