Increasing Impact Strength of a Short Glass Fiber Compression Molded BMC by Shortening Fibers without Change in Equipment
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Preparation of GFRP
2.2. Charpy Impact Tests
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Effect of Shortening Fibers on Impact Strength of Panel at All Texture Angles, θt Cumulative, and Sub-Quadrants
3.2. Weibull Analysis: All Texture Angles, θt Cumulative
3.3. Optical Microscopy
3.4. Effect of Shortening Fibers on Impact Strength as a Function of Texture Angle
3.4.1. [θt = Random (45) 0 to 90 deg] A-Section
3.4.2. [θt = 71 ± 7 deg] B-Section
3.4.3. [θt = 45 ± 10 deg] C-Section
3.4.4. [θt = 18 ± 17.5 deg] D-Section
3.5. Mechanism of Strengthening by CTE Difference
3.6. All Texture Angles, θt Cumulative: Evaluation of Statistically Lowest Impact Value as at Pf = 0 Omitting 2 Lowest auc 0.44 mm Samples of Pf < 0.03
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Component | Mass % |
---|---|
propylene glycol maleate polyester | 13.75 |
styrene butadiene copolymer | 12.75 |
commercial E-glass fibers | 11 |
CaCO3 filler | 55 |
aluminum silicate filler | 3 |
magnesium hydroxide | 0.5 |
proprietary initiators and inhibitors | 4 |
Parameter | Condition |
---|---|
Mold Pressure | 5.5–6.9 MPa (800–1000 psi) |
Temperature | 422 K (149 °C) |
Cure Time | 2 min |
Mold Type | matched metal die compression mold |
Panel Size | 304.8 × 304.8 × 2 mm |
Vf (E-glass fibers) | 0.080 |
Vf (CaCO3 filler) | 0.377 |
Vf (remaining polymer mixture) | 0.543 |
Fiber Lengths | Mixing |
---|---|
6.4 mm (1/8 in) | 20 min |
0.44 mm [7,8] | 20 min +additional 30 min |
Fiber Length (mm) | Total A + B + C + D | A | B | C | D |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
6.4 | 56 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 |
0.44 | 56 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 |
Charpy Impact Values (kJm−2) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fiber Length(mm) | Total A + B + C + D | A | B | C | D |
6.4 | 7.63 (1.85) | 6.41 (1.24) | 9.44 (1.61) | 7.89 (1.28) | 6.79 (1.64) |
0.44 | 9.62 (2.80) | 8.18 (2.27) | 11.25 (2.11) | 10.25 (3.79) | 8.79 (1.72) |
% imp | 26.1 | 27.6 | 19.1 | 29.9 | 29.5 |
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Faudree, M.C.; Nishi, Y.; Salvia, M. Increasing Impact Strength of a Short Glass Fiber Compression Molded BMC by Shortening Fibers without Change in Equipment. Materials 2022, 15, 1145. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15031145
Faudree MC, Nishi Y, Salvia M. Increasing Impact Strength of a Short Glass Fiber Compression Molded BMC by Shortening Fibers without Change in Equipment. Materials. 2022; 15(3):1145. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15031145
Chicago/Turabian StyleFaudree, Michael C., Yoshitake Nishi, and Michelle Salvia. 2022. "Increasing Impact Strength of a Short Glass Fiber Compression Molded BMC by Shortening Fibers without Change in Equipment" Materials 15, no. 3: 1145. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15031145