Transplant Oncology: An Emerging Discipline of Cancer Treatment
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Concept and History of Transplant Oncology
2.1. Liver Transplantation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
2.1.1. Milan Criteria
2.1.2. Beyond Milan Criteria
- A.
- University of California San Francisco Criteria
- B.
- Beyond USCF Criteria
2.1.3. Portal Vein Tumor Thrombus
2.1.4. Salvage Liver Transplantation
2.2. Liver Transplant for Non-Hepatocellular Carcinoma Tumors
2.2.1. Cholangiocarcinoma
- A.
- Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma
- B.
- Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma
2.2.2. Hepatoblastoma
3. Liver Metastases
3.1. Neuroendocrine Tumor Liver Metastases (NETLM)
3.2. Colorectal Cancer
4. Emerging Concepts in Transplant Oncology
4.1. Immune Therapy in the Peri-Transplant Period
4.1.1. Pretransplant Bridging Therapy
Age/Sex | ICPI Agent | ICPI Cycle | ICPI Class | Interval Time from Last Dose of ICPIs to Transplant | IST | Type of Response | Graft Outcome | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
66 M | Atezolizumab Bevacizumab | (6) (5) | PD-L1 VEGF | 60 days | Tacrolimus/MMF | R | No rejection | Abdelrahim et al. [134] |
64 M | Nivolumab | (23) | PD-1 | 16 days | MMF/Prednisone/tacrolimus | R | Resolved rejection | Aby et al. [135] |
39 M | Toripalimab Lenvatinib | 10 UK | PD-1 TK | 93 days | Tacrolimus/Methylprednisolone | D | Graft rejection | Chen, G.H. et al. [136] |
64 M | Nivolumab | (1) | PD-1 | 7 days | Tacrolimus/MMF | RC | No rejection | Chen, Z. et al. [137] |
47 F | Nivolumab | (1) | PD-1 | 122 days | Tacrolimus/MMF | RC | No rejection | Chen, Z. et al. [137] |
50 M | Nivolumab | (1) | PD-1 | 62 days | Tacrolimus/MMF | R | No rejection | Chen, Z. et al. [137] |
38 M | Nivolumab | (6) | PD-1 | 59 days | Tacrolimus/MMF | R | No rejection | Chen, Z. et al. [137] |
67 M | Nivolumab | (6) | PD-1 | 67 days | Tacrolimus/MMF | R | No rejection | Chen, Z. et al. [137] |
60 M | Nivolumab | (17) | PD-1 | 5 weeks | Tacrolimus/MMF/steroid | R | Graft rejection | Dehghan et al. [138] |
14 M | Pembrolizumab | (3) | PD-1 | 138 days | Sirolimus/tacrolimus | R | No rejection | Kang et al. [139] |
63 M | Nivolumab Ipilimumab | UK | PD-1 CTLA-4 | 9 weeks | Methylprednisolone/Thymoglobulin | R | No rejection | Lizaola et al. [140] |
65 M | Nivolumab | UK | PD-1 | 8 days | Tacrolimus/MMF/Prednisone | D | Graft rejection | Nordness et al. [141] |
68 M | Nivolumab | UK | PD-1 | 10 months | UK | R | No rejection | Peterson et al. [142] |
4.1.2. Post-Transplant Palliative Therapy
Age/Sex | ICPI Agent | ICPI Cycle | ICPI Class | Interval Time from Transplant to ICPIs | IST | Type of Response | Graft Outcome | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
70 M | Nivolumab | (4) | PD-1 | 33 months | Tacrolimus/high-dose steroids. | PD | No rejection | Al Jarroudi et al. [146] |
62 F | Nivolumab | (5) | PD-1 | 12 months | Tacrolimus | PD | No rejection | Al Jarroudi et al. [146] |
66 M | Nivolumab | (6) | PD-1 | 24 months | Tacrolimus | PD | No rejection | Al Jarroudi et al. [146] |
56 M | Nivolumab | (6) | PD-1 | 32 months | Tacrolimus | PD | No rejection | DeLeon et al. [147] |
55 M | Nivolumab | (5) | PD-1 | 94 months | Sirolimus/MMF | PD | No rejection | DeLeon et al. [147] |
34 F | Nivolumab | UK | PD-1 | 44 months | Tacrolimus | PD | No rejection | DeLeon et al. [147] |
63 M | Nivolumab | UK | PD-1 | 14 months | Tacrolimus | UK | No rejection | DeLeon et al. [147] |
68 M | Nivolumab | UK | PD-1 | 13 months | Sirolimus | UK | Graft rejection | DeLeon et al. [147] |
41 M | Nivolumab | (15) | PD-1 | 16 months | Tacrolimus | PD | No rejection | De Toni and Gerbes et al. [148] |
70 M | Pembrolizumab | PD-1 | 96 months | Low-dose (50%) Tacrolimus | PD | No rejection | Varkaris et al. [149] | |
53 F | Nivolumab | (1) | PD-1 | 36 months | Everolimus/MMF | D due to OF (2 weeks after start ICPI) | Graft rejection | Gassmann et al. [150] |
14 M | Nivolumab | (1) | PD-1 | 36 months | Tacrolimus | D due to OF (5 weeks after start ICPI) | Graft rejection | Friend et al. [151] |
20 M | Nivolumab | (2) | PD-1 | 48 months | Sirolimus | D due to OF (4 weeks after start ICPI) | Graft rejection | Friend et al. [151] |
61 M | Nivolumab | (2) | PD-1 | 24 months | UK | R | Graft rejection | Gomez et al. [152] |
57 M | Pembrolizumab | (13) | PD-1 | 36 months | Tacrolimus/MMF/ steroid | R | No rejection | Rohmann et al. [144] |
64 M | Nivolumab | Less than (1) | PD-1 | 24 months | Thymoglobulin | R | Graft rejection | Kumar et al. [153] |
54 F | Ipilimumab | (17) | CTLA-4 | 84 months | Tacrolimus/Everolimus | PR | No rejection | Pandey et al. [154] |
54 M | Camrelizumab | (13) | PD-1 | 48 months | Tacrolimus | PD | No rejection | Qui et al. [155] |
54 M | Nivolumab | (12) | PD-1 | 24 months | Tacrolimus | PD | No rejection | Zhuang et al. [156] |
46 M | Toripalimab | (6) | PD-1 | 12 months | Sirolimus | PD | No rejection | Shi Gm et al. [157] |
35 M | Atezolizumab | (12) | PD-L1 | 48 months | UK | PD | No rejection | Ben Khaled et al. [158] |
35 M | Pembrolizumab | (2) | PD-1 | 240 months | MMF/Steroid | R | No rejection | Schvartsman et al. [159] |
54 M | Nivolumab | (3) | PD-1 | 156 months | Tacrolimus/Everolimus/Prednisone | PD | No rejection | Biondani P et al. [160] |
62 F | Ipilimumab Pembrolizumab | (4) (25) | CTLA-4 PD-1 | 14 months | Sirolimus/MMF | PR | No rejection | Kuo JC et al. [161] |
52 M | Nivolumab | (4) | PD-1 | 32 months | Cyclosporine/MMF | PD | No rejection | Kondo et al. [162] |
72 M | Nivolumab | (2) | PD-1 | 84 months | MMF/Budesonide | UK | No rejection | Deylon J et al. [163] |
59 M | Toripalimab | (8) | PD-1 | 16 months | Sirolimus | PD | No rejection | Shi GM et al. [157] |
4.2. Utility of Circulating Tumor DNA (ctDNA) for Cancer Minimal Residual Disease (MRD) Evaluation and Surveillance
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Correction Statement
References
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Malignancy | OS (5 y) | DFS (5 y) | Recurrence | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
HCC | 57.7% | 65.7% | NA | Li et al. [63] |
71% | 72% | NA | Lim et al. [58] | |
75% (4 y) | 83% (4 y) | NA | Milan Criteria [29] | |
75% | NA | NA | UCSF Criteria [38] | |
61.8% | 80% | NA | Dallas Criteria [39] | |
69% | NA | 14% | Valencia Criteria [48] | |
71.2% | NA | NA | Up-to-7 Criteria [35] | |
82% | NA | 7% | Kyoto Criteria [33] | |
68% | NA | NA | French Criteria [40] | |
62.4% | 56.5% | NA | Hangzhou Criteria [41] | |
74.6% (4 y) | NA | NA | Edmonton Criteria [43] | |
78% | NA | NA | Toronto Criteria [46] | |
70% | NA | NA | Metroticket 2.0 [45] | |
HCCA | 17% | 92% | 9% | De Vreede et al. [65] |
29% | 33% | NA | Hong et al. [66] | |
30% | 30% | 53% | Robles et al. [67] | |
ICCA | 18% | 31% | 60% | Casavilla et al. [68] |
23% | NA | 51% | Meyer et al. [69] | |
21.5% | 21.5% | >50% | Panayotova et al. [70] | |
65% | 18% | NA | Sapisochin et al. [71] | |
HBL | 78% | 82% | 28% | Pham et al. [72] |
NETLM | 52% | 30% | NA | Le Treut et al. (2013) [73] |
47% | 20% | NA | Le Treut et al. (2008) [74] | |
48% | 32% | NA | Gedaly et al. [75] | |
80% | 21% | NA | Rosenau et al. [76] | |
CRLM | 60% | NA | 90% * | Hagness et al. [77] |
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Abdelrahim, M.; Esmail, A.; Abudayyeh, A.; Murakami, N.; Victor, D.; Kodali, S.; Cheah, Y.L.; Simon, C.J.; Noureddin, M.; Connor, A.; et al. Transplant Oncology: An Emerging Discipline of Cancer Treatment. Cancers 2023, 15, 5337. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15225337
Abdelrahim M, Esmail A, Abudayyeh A, Murakami N, Victor D, Kodali S, Cheah YL, Simon CJ, Noureddin M, Connor A, et al. Transplant Oncology: An Emerging Discipline of Cancer Treatment. Cancers. 2023; 15(22):5337. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15225337
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbdelrahim, Maen, Abdullah Esmail, Ala Abudayyeh, Naoka Murakami, David Victor, Sudha Kodali, Yee Lee Cheah, Caroline J. Simon, Mazen Noureddin, Ashton Connor, and et al. 2023. "Transplant Oncology: An Emerging Discipline of Cancer Treatment" Cancers 15, no. 22: 5337. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15225337