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Impact of the Lung Microbiota on Development and Progression of Lung Cancer
by
, , , and
Amine Belaid
1,†, 
Barnabé Roméo
1,†,
Guylène Rignol
1,2,
Jonathan Benzaquen
1,3,
Tanguy Audoin
1,
Valérie Vouret-Craviari
1,
Patrick Brest
1,
Raphaëlle Varraso
4,
Martin von Bergen
5,
Charles Hugo Marquette
1,3,
Sylvie Leroy
1,3,
Baharia Mograbi
1,*,‡ and
Paul Hofman
1,2,‡
1
Université Côte d’Azur, Institute for Research on Ageing and Cancer, Nice (IRCAN), Institut Hospitalo Universitaire (IHU) RespirERA, Fédérations Hospitalo-Universitaires (FHU) OncoAge, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), 06107 Nice, France
2
Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology (LPCE), Biobank (BB-0033-00025), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Nice, FHU OncoAge, IHU RespirERA, 06000 Nice, France
3
Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Nice, Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Thoracic Oncology, FHU OncoAge, IHU RespirERA, 06000 Nice, France
4
Université Paris-Saclay, Équipe d’Épidémiologie Respiratoire Intégrative, CESP, INSERM, 94800 Villejuif, France
5
Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH—UFZ, Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Leipzig, 04109 Leipzig, Germany
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
‡
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Cancers 2024, 16(19), 3342; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16193342 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 30 August 2024
/
Revised: 26 September 2024
/
Accepted: 26 September 2024
/
Published: 29 September 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Advances in Lung Cancer: Diagnosis, Pathophysiology and Emerging Treatments. A Selection of Papers from the 4th Joint Meeting on Lung Cancer of the FHU OncoAge (Nice, France) and the MD Anderson Cancer Center (Houston, TX, USA))
Simple Summary
Recent research has helped us understand more about the role of microbes in the health and disease of the lungs. The detection of microbes and microbial products in sputum may improve early lung cancer diagnosis. The monitoring of the microbiome of the lungs over time may help predict the response to and side effects of treatment. However, studies have not yet examined how diet and air pollution affect the lung microbiome and how it might be linked to the development and progression of lung cancer. By examining the lung microbiome, dietary patterns, and air pollutants, we hope to prevent and manage lung cancer in the future.
Abstract
The past several years have provided a more profound understanding of the role of microbial species in the lung. The respiratory tract is a delicate ecosystem of bacteria, fungi, parasites, and viruses. Detecting microbial DNA, pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), and metabolites in sputum is poised to revolutionize the early diagnosis of lung cancer. The longitudinal monitoring of the lung microbiome holds the potential to predict treatment response and side effects, enabling more personalized and effective treatment options. However, most studies into the lung microbiota have been observational and have not adequately considered the impact of dietary intake and air pollutants. This gap makes it challenging to establish a direct causal relationship between environmental exposure, changes in the composition of the microbiota, lung carcinogenesis, and tumor progression. A holistic understanding of the lung microbiota that considers both diet and air pollutants may pave the way to improved prevention and management strategies for lung cancer.
