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Agronomy
Volume 14
Issue 4
10.3390/agronomy14040794
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Article

Combination Effects of Sulfur Fertilizer and Rhizobium Inoculant on Photosynthesis Dynamics and Yield Components of Soybean

by
Yingdong Bi
1,
Chao Fan
1,
Wenwei Liang
1,
Yi Liao
1,
Dezhi Han
2,
Wei Li
1,
Xiangjin Chen
2,
Miao Liu
1,
Jianxin Liu
1,
Shufeng Di
1,
Guang Yang
1,
Yufeng Wang
1,
Yuehui Liu
3,
Yongcai Lai
1,
Wencheng Lu
2,* and
Guotai Li
1,*
1
Institute of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150028, China
2
Heihe Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Heihe 164300, China
3
Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Nenjiang, Nenjiang 161400, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Agronomy 2024, 14(4), 794; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14040794
Submission received: 9 January 2024 / Revised: 7 April 2024 / Accepted: 7 April 2024 / Published: 11 April 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of Cover Crops, Crop Rotation, and Intercropping on Natural Soil Fertility)
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Abstract

Sulfur (S) fertilization and rhizobium inoculation are important agronomic practices for improving soybean growth and yield. However, their combined effects on yield components and the resultant impacts on yield need further investigation. Our study aimed to verify the combined effects of S fertilizer and rhizobium inoculant on the yield components and seed yield of soybeans, as well as photosynthesis dynamics during the V5–R6 growth stages. A randomized block design incorporating two factors was employed for field experiments on soybean, involving the application of five rates of sulfur (0, 5.0, 9.8, 14.8, and 19.6 kg S ha−1) with rhizobium inoculation or without. A reduction of 50% in mineral fertilizer according to farmer practice (FP) was applied alongside different rates of sulfur for field experiments on soybeans. The findings indicated that the application of sulfur fertilization significantly enhanced soybean yield by increasing the number of grains per plant (NG) and the number of pods per plant (NP). Maximum grain yield was reached under treatment with an S rate of 19.6 kg S ha−1, which increased NG by 39% more than an S rate of 0 kg S ha−1. Correlation analysis indicated that higher photosynthesis was closely associated with increased yield components. This study demonstrated that applying S fertilizers could improve soybean production by combining the appropriate sulfur concentration and rhizobia inoculation.
Keywords: soybean; sulfur fertilization; rhizobium inoculation; yield components; yield soybean; sulfur fertilization; rhizobium inoculation; yield components; yield

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MDPI and ACS Style

Bi, Y.; Fan, C.; Liang, W.; Liao, Y.; Han, D.; Li, W.; Chen, X.; Liu, M.; Liu, J.; Di, S.; et al. Combination Effects of Sulfur Fertilizer and Rhizobium Inoculant on Photosynthesis Dynamics and Yield Components of Soybean. Agronomy 2024, 14, 794. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14040794

AMA Style

Bi Y, Fan C, Liang W, Liao Y, Han D, Li W, Chen X, Liu M, Liu J, Di S, et al. Combination Effects of Sulfur Fertilizer and Rhizobium Inoculant on Photosynthesis Dynamics and Yield Components of Soybean. Agronomy. 2024; 14(4):794. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14040794

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bi, Yingdong, Chao Fan, Wenwei Liang, Yi Liao, Dezhi Han, Wei Li, Xiangjin Chen, Miao Liu, Jianxin Liu, Shufeng Di, and et al. 2024. "Combination Effects of Sulfur Fertilizer and Rhizobium Inoculant on Photosynthesis Dynamics and Yield Components of Soybean" Agronomy 14, no. 4: 794. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14040794

APA Style

Bi, Y., Fan, C., Liang, W., Liao, Y., Han, D., Li, W., Chen, X., Liu, M., Liu, J., Di, S., Yang, G., Wang, Y., Liu, Y., Lai, Y., Lu, W., & Li, G. (2024). Combination Effects of Sulfur Fertilizer and Rhizobium Inoculant on Photosynthesis Dynamics and Yield Components of Soybean. Agronomy, 14(4), 794. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14040794

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