The Nitrification Inhibitor Vizura® Reduces N2O Emissions When Added to Digestate before Injection under Irrigated Maize in the Po Valley (Northern Italy)

Chiodini, Marcello Ermido; Perego, Alessia; Carozzi, Marco; Acutis, Marco

doi:10.3390/agronomy9080431

Open AccessArticle

The Nitrification Inhibitor Vizura^® Reduces N₂O Emissions When Added to Digestate before Injection under Irrigated Maize in the Po Valley (Northern Italy)

¹

DiSAA, Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy

²

UMR EcoSys, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris Saclay, route de la Ferme, 75019 Thiverval-Grignon, France

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Agronomy 2019, 9(8), 431; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9080431

Submission received: 6 July 2019 / Revised: 31 July 2019 / Accepted: 2 August 2019 / Published: 5 August 2019

(This article belongs to the Section Soil and Plant Nutrition)

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Abstract

The agricultural area in the Po Valley is prone to high nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions as it is characterized by irrigated maize-based cropping systems, high amounts of nitrogen supplied, and elevated air temperature in summer. Here, two monitoring campaigns were carried out in maize fertilized with raw digestate in a randomized block design in 2016 and 2017 to test the effectiveness of the 3, 4 DMPP inhibitor Vizura^® on reducing N₂O-N emissions. Digestate was injected into 0.15 m soil depth at side-dressing (2016) and before sowing (2017). Non-steady state chambers were used to collect N₂O-N air samples under zero N fertilization (N0), digestate (D), and digestate + Vizura^® (V). Overall, emissions were significantly higher in the D treatment than in the V treatment in both 2016 and 2017. The emission factor (EF, %) of V was two and four times lower than the EF in D in 2016 and 2017, respectively. Peaks of NO₃-N generally resulted in N₂O-N emissions peaks, especially during rainfall or irrigation events. The water-filled pore space (WFPS, %) did not differ between treatments and was generally below 60%, suggesting that N₂O-N emissions were mainly due to nitrification rather than denitrification.

Keywords: N₂O emissions; nitrification inhibitor; DMPP; digestate; injection; maize

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MDPI and ACS Style

Chiodini, M.E.; Perego, A.; Carozzi, M.; Acutis, M. The Nitrification Inhibitor Vizura^® Reduces N₂O Emissions When Added to Digestate before Injection under Irrigated Maize in the Po Valley (Northern Italy). Agronomy 2019, 9, 431. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9080431

AMA Style

Chiodini ME, Perego A, Carozzi M, Acutis M. The Nitrification Inhibitor Vizura^® Reduces N₂O Emissions When Added to Digestate before Injection under Irrigated Maize in the Po Valley (Northern Italy). Agronomy. 2019; 9(8):431. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9080431

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chiodini, Marcello Ermido, Alessia Perego, Marco Carozzi, and Marco Acutis. 2019. "The Nitrification Inhibitor Vizura^® Reduces N₂O Emissions When Added to Digestate before Injection under Irrigated Maize in the Po Valley (Northern Italy)" Agronomy 9, no. 8: 431. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9080431

APA Style

Chiodini, M. E., Perego, A., Carozzi, M., & Acutis, M. (2019). The Nitrification Inhibitor Vizura^® Reduces N₂O Emissions When Added to Digestate before Injection under Irrigated Maize in the Po Valley (Northern Italy). Agronomy, 9(8), 431. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9080431

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The Nitrification Inhibitor Vizura^® Reduces N₂O Emissions When Added to Digestate before Injection under Irrigated Maize in the Po Valley (Northern Italy)

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