The Effects of Lake Level and Area Changes of Poyang Lake on the Local Weather
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Study Area, Data, and Model Configuration
2.1. Study Area
2.2. Data
2.3. Model Configuration
2.4. Reference Datasets
3. Results
3.1. Simulation Evaluations
3.2. Lake Effects on Surface Variables
3.2.1. Lake Effects on the Temporal Changes in the Surface Variables
3.2.2. Lake Effects on the Spatial Distribution of the Land Surface Variables
3.3. Lake Effects on the Near-Surface Variables
3.4. Lake Effects on Precipitation, Water Vapor Flux, and Wind
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
- The change in the LH, the SH, and the LST when the lake level is low and the lake area is less is greater than when the lake level is high and the lake area is large. Compared to the default lake level and area in WRF, the spatial distribution of the LH, the SH, and the LST on the lake surface decreased when the lake level and area increased, and the domain-averaged LH, SH, and LST decreased by −10.4 W m−2, −1.1 W m−2, and −0.3 °C, respectively. The LH when the lake level is low and the lake area is small decreased by −11.2 W m−2. However, the SH and the LST increased by 13.4 W m−2 and 0.3 °C, respectively.
- The atmospheric stratification stability strengthens and the PBL decreases in the lake area as the lake level and area increase. In addition, the atmospheric stratification stability in the PBL shows an opposite change as the lake level and area decrease. The CAPE decreases on the west side of Poyang Lake but increases on the east side. These changes indicate that as the level and area of the lake change, the spatiotemporal distribution of surface heat, and thus the near-surface energy distribution, is changed.
- The water vapor flux and wind over the lake increase when the lake level and area increase, but the two variables increase when the lake level and area decrease. The wind over the lake weakened by 13.2 m s−1 as the lake level and area increased. When the low level and area of Poyang Lake decreased, the wind increased by 2.2 m s−1. These changes eventually led to a precipitation decrease when the lake level is high and the lake area large, with a domain-averaged decrease of −22.3 mm. In contrast, local circulation and water vapor flux when the lake level is low and the area small, which led to a precipitation decrease on the western side of the lake and a small increase on the eastern side, with a domain-averaged decrease of −23.8 mm.
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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CTL | EXPT1–CTL | EXPT2–CTL | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Domain4 | Rectangular | Domain 4 | Rectangular | Domain 4 | Rectangular | |
LH | 148.6 | 150.6 | −5.6 | −10.4 | −7.0 | −11.2 |
SH | 48.1 | 37.1 | 0.8 | −1.1 | 5.2 | 13.4 |
LST | 30.4 | 30.5 | −0.1 | −0.3 | 0.1 | 0.3 |
CTL | EXPT1 | EXPT2 | |
---|---|---|---|
Wind | 24.0 | 10.8 | 26.2 |
Precipitation | 89.8 | 67.5 | 66.0 |
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Zan, Y.; Gao, Y.; Jiang, Y.; Pan, Y.; Li, X.; Su, P. The Effects of Lake Level and Area Changes of Poyang Lake on the Local Weather. Atmosphere 2022, 13, 1490. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13091490
Zan Y, Gao Y, Jiang Y, Pan Y, Li X, Su P. The Effects of Lake Level and Area Changes of Poyang Lake on the Local Weather. Atmosphere. 2022; 13(9):1490. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13091490
Chicago/Turabian StyleZan, Yulu, Yanhong Gao, Yingsha Jiang, Yongjie Pan, Xia Li, and Peixi Su. 2022. "The Effects of Lake Level and Area Changes of Poyang Lake on the Local Weather" Atmosphere 13, no. 9: 1490. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13091490