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Article

Diversity of Endophytes of Actinidia arguta in Different Seasons

1
Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, China
2
College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
3
College of Horticulture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130112, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Life 2024, 14(1), 149; https://doi.org/10.3390/life14010149
Submission received: 12 December 2023 / Revised: 10 January 2024 / Accepted: 13 January 2024 / Published: 19 January 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Rhizosphere Microbes and Plant Stress)

Abstract

The seasonal changes in environmental conditions can alter the growth states of host plants, thereby affecting the living environment of endophytes and forming different endophytic communities. This study employs Illumina MiSeq next-generation sequencing to analyze the 16SrRNA and ITS rDNA of endophytes in 24 samples of Actinidia arguta stem tissues across different seasons. The results revealed a high richness and diversity of endophytes in Actinidia arguta, with significant seasonal variations in microbial community richness. This study identified 897 genera across 36 phyla for bacteria and 251 genera across 8 phyla for fungi. Notably, 69 bacterial genera and 19 fungal genera significantly contributed to the differences in community structure across seasons. A distinctive feature of coexistence in the endophytic community, both specific and conservative across different seasons, was observed. The bacterial community in winter demonstrated significantly higher richness and diversity compared to the other seasons. Environmental factors likely influence the optimal timing for endophyte colonization. Solar radiation, temperature, precipitation, and relative humidity significantly impact the diversity of endophytic bacteria and fungi. In addition, seasonal variations show significant differences in the nutritional modes of fungal endophytes and the degradation, ligninolysis, and ureolysis functions of bacterial endophytes. This study elucidates the potential role of endophytes in assisting Actinidia arguta in adapting to seasonal changes and provides a theoretical basis for further exploration of functional microbial strains.
Keywords: Illumina MiSeq; Actinidia arguta; endophytic bacteria; 16S rRNA; ITS rDNA; different seasons Illumina MiSeq; Actinidia arguta; endophytic bacteria; 16S rRNA; ITS rDNA; different seasons

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MDPI and ACS Style

Liu, Y.; Lu, W.; Li, Y.; Zhai, B.; Zhang, B.; Qin, H.; Xu, P.; Yang, Y.; Fan, S.; Wang, Y.; et al. Diversity of Endophytes of Actinidia arguta in Different Seasons. Life 2024, 14, 149. https://doi.org/10.3390/life14010149

AMA Style

Liu Y, Lu W, Li Y, Zhai B, Zhang B, Qin H, Xu P, Yang Y, Fan S, Wang Y, et al. Diversity of Endophytes of Actinidia arguta in Different Seasons. Life. 2024; 14(1):149. https://doi.org/10.3390/life14010149

Chicago/Turabian Style

Liu, Yingxue, Wenpeng Lu, Yang Li, Boyu Zhai, Baoxiang Zhang, Hongyan Qin, Peilei Xu, Yiming Yang, Shutian Fan, Yue Wang, and et al. 2024. "Diversity of Endophytes of Actinidia arguta in Different Seasons" Life 14, no. 1: 149. https://doi.org/10.3390/life14010149

APA Style

Liu, Y., Lu, W., Li, Y., Zhai, B., Zhang, B., Qin, H., Xu, P., Yang, Y., Fan, S., Wang, Y., Li, C., Zhao, J., & Ai, J. (2024). Diversity of Endophytes of Actinidia arguta in Different Seasons. Life, 14(1), 149. https://doi.org/10.3390/life14010149

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