Clinical Presentation and MRI Characteristics of Appendicular Soft Tissue Lymphoma: A Systematic Review
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Literature Search
2.2. Quality Assessment of Included Studies
2.3. Data Extraction
2.4. Data Synthesis and Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Literature Search
3.2. Quality Assessment
3.3. Data Extraction
Study Parameters | Demographics | Clinical Data | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Author/Year | AXIS Score | No. of Patients Included | Imaging Modalities | Sex | Age Range (Years) | Regional Lymphadenopathy (Yes/No) | Pain/Discomfort (Yes/No) | Swelling/Enlargement of Muscle (Based on Clinical vs. MRI Examination) (Yes/No) |
Hosono et al., 1995 [31] | 6 | 4 | MRI/CT | 2F 2M | 58–65 | N/A | 2/4 | 4/4 (via MRI) |
Beggs et al., 1996 [32] | 5 | 4 | MRI/ CT/ Ultrasound | 2F 2M | 42–68 | 1/4 | 3/4 | 3/4 (clinical) |
Eustace et al., 1996 [33] | 8 | 2 | MRI | 2F | 67–68 | N/A | 1/2 | 2/2 (via MRI) |
Lee et al., 1997 [34] | 8 | 3 | MRI/CT/ Radiography/ Scintigraphy | 3F | 15–80 | N/A | 1/3 | 3/3 (clinical) |
Carroll et al., 2007 [19] | 9 | 7 | MRI | 2F 5M | 56–68 | 6/7 | N/A | N/A |
Suresh et al., 2008 [18] | 10 | 24 | MRI | 10F 14M | 35–91 | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Surov et al., 2010 [11] | 11 | 5 | MRI/CT | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 5/5 (via MRI) |
Chun et al., 2010 [30] | 10 | 20 | MRI | 6F 14M | 5–90 | 0/20 | N/A | 20/20 (via MRI) |
Surov et al., 2014 [35] | 9 | 8 | MRI | 5F 3M | 58–73 | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Total | 2 Low quality 4 Medium quality 3 High quality | 77 | 4 MRI 5 Multimodal | 32F 40M 5 N/A | Range: 15–91 Mean ± SD: 59 ± 17 | 7 Yes 24 No 46 N/A | 7 Yes 6 No 64 N/A | 37 Yes 1 No 39 N/A |
4. Discussion
5. Limitations
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Question No. | Introduction |
---|---|
Q1 | Were the aims/objectives of the study clear? |
Methods | |
Q2 | Was the study design appropriate for the stated aim(s)? |
Q3 | Was the sample size justified? |
Q4 | Was the target/reference population clearly defined, did the sample frame represent the defined target/reference population and was the selection process appropriately? |
Q5 | Were the methods sufficiently described to enable them to be repeated? |
Results | |
Q6 | Were the basic data adequately described? |
Q7 | Were the results internally consistent? |
Q8 | Were the results presented for all the analyses described in the methods? |
Discussion | |
Q9 | Were the authors discussions and conclusions justified by the results? |
Q10 | Were the limitations of the study discussed? |
Other | |
Q11 | Were there any funding sources or conflicts of interest that may affect the authors interpretation of the results? |
Q12 | Was ethical approval or consent of participants attained? |
AXIS Score | Risk of Bias | Reporting Quality | Number of Studies |
---|---|---|---|
0–6 | High | Low | 2 |
7–9 | Medium | Medium | 4 |
10–12 | Low | High | 3 |
Author/Year | T1W 1 | T2W 1 | T2W 2 | PD 1 | STIR 1 | T1W Contrast Enhancement | Margins | No. of Affected Compartments | Long Segmental Involvement |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hosono et al., 1995 [31] | 2 Slightly hyperintense 2 Isointense | 3 Hyperintense 1 N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 2 Homogeneous 2 N/A | N/A | 1 Multiple 3 Single | 2 Yes 2 N/A |
Beggs et al., 1996 [32] | 3 Slightly hyperintense 1 N/A | 3 Hyperintense 1 N/A | N/A | 3 Hyperintense 1 N/A | 2 Hyperintense 2 N/A | 2 Heterogeneous 2 N/A | 1 Well-defined 3 poorly-defined | 3 Multiple 1 Single | N/A |
Eustace et al., 1996 [33] | 2 Isointense | 2 Hyperintense | N/A | N/A | N/A | 2 Homogeneous | 1 Well-defined 1 N/A | 1 Multiple 1 Single | N/A |
Lee et al., 1997 [34] | 3 Isointense | N/A | 3 Hyperintense | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | “Often more than one” | 3 Yes |
Carroll et al., 2007 [19] | 5 Iso to slightly hyperintense 1 Isointense 1 Hyperintense | 7 Hyperintense | N/A | N/A | N/A | 5 Homogeneous 2 Heterogeneous | 4 Well-defined 3 Poorly-Defined | 5 Multiple 2 Single | N/A |
Suresh et al., 2008 [18] | 15 slightly hyperintense 8 Isointense 1 N/A | 14 hyperintense 10 N/A | 14 hypointense 10 N/A | N/A | 16 Hyperintense 8 N/A | 4 Homogeneous 9 Heterogeneous 11 N/A | 8 Well-defined 16 Poorly-defined | 12 Multiple 12 Single | N/A |
Surov et al., 2010 [11] | 5 Isointense | 5 Hyperintense | 5 hypointense | N/A | N/A | 5 Homogeneous | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Chun et al., 2010 [30] | 9 Slightly hyperintense 11 Isointense | N/A | 20 Intermediate (isointense) | N/A | N/A | 13 Diffuse homogeneous 4 Thick peripheral bandlike 2 Marginal-septal 1 N/A | N/A | 14 Multiple 6 Single | 15 Yes 5 No |
Surov et al., 2014 [35] | 8 Isointense | 8 Hyperintense | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Total | 40 Isointense 29 Slightly hyperintense 5 Iso- to slightly hyperintense 1 Hyperintense 2 N/A | 42 Hyperintense 35 N/A | 20 Intermediate (Isointense) 19 Hypointense 3 Hyperintense 35 N/A | 3 Hyperintense 74 N/A | 18 Hyperintense 59 N/A | 31 Homogeneous 19 Heterogeneous 27 N/A | 22 Poorly-defined 14 Well-defined 41 N/A | 36 Multiple 25 Single 16 N/A | 20 Yes 5 No 52 N/A |
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Weiss, S.; Weisse, V.; Korthaus, A.; Bannas, P.; Frosch, K.-H.; Schlickewei, C.; Barg, A.; Priemel, M. Clinical Presentation and MRI Characteristics of Appendicular Soft Tissue Lymphoma: A Systematic Review. Diagnostics 2022, 12, 1623. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12071623
Weiss S, Weisse V, Korthaus A, Bannas P, Frosch K-H, Schlickewei C, Barg A, Priemel M. Clinical Presentation and MRI Characteristics of Appendicular Soft Tissue Lymphoma: A Systematic Review. Diagnostics. 2022; 12(7):1623. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12071623
Chicago/Turabian StyleWeiss, Sebastian, Valentin Weisse, Alexander Korthaus, Peter Bannas, Karl-Heinz Frosch, Carsten Schlickewei, Alexej Barg, and Matthias Priemel. 2022. "Clinical Presentation and MRI Characteristics of Appendicular Soft Tissue Lymphoma: A Systematic Review" Diagnostics 12, no. 7: 1623. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12071623