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Volume 14
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10.3390/diagnostics14111127
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Case Report

Coincidence or Causality: Parathyroid Carcinoma in Chronic Kidney Disease—Case Report and Literature Review

by
Stefana Catalina Bilha
1,
Anca Matei
1,*,
Dumitru D. Branisteanu
1,2,
Laura Claudia Teodoriu
3,
Ioana Hristov
4,
Stefan Bilha
5,
Letitia Leustean
1,
Maria-Christina Ungureanu
1,
Delia Gabriela Apostol Ciobanu
6,
Cristina Preda
1 and
Cristian Velicescu
7
1
Endocrinology Department, “St. Spiridon” Emergency Hospital, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
2
Department of Medicine, Charles E. Smith College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
3
Endocrinology Department, Regional Institute of Oncology, 700483 Iasi, Romania
4
Endocrinology Department, Elytis Hospital Hope, 700010 Iasi, Romania
5
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Regional Institute of Oncology, 700483 Iasi, Romania
6
Department of Pathology, “St. Spiridon” Emergency Hospital, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700111 Iasi, Romania
7
Surgery Department, “St. Spiridon” Emergency Hospital, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Diagnostics 2024, 14(11), 1127; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14111127
Submission received: 11 April 2024 / Revised: 12 May 2024 / Accepted: 27 May 2024 / Published: 29 May 2024
(This article belongs to the Section Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics)
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Abstract

Parathyroid carcinoma (PC) associated with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) has been well investigated in recent years. Data regarding PC evolution in secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) due to chronic kidney disease (CKD) are, however, scarce. Most features that raise the suspicion of PC in PHPT are part of the usual SHPT evolution in CKD, mirroring the natural changes undergone by the parathyroid glands. Therefore, pre-surgically establishing the malignant or benign character of the lesions is cumbersome. We present two cases of PC in end-stage renal disease, one of which was bilateral, diagnosed after total parathyroidectomy in a high-volume parathyroid surgery center. A literature review of the data was also performed. A systematic search of the PubMed/MEDLINE database until January 2024 identified 42 cases of PC associated with SHPT. Understanding the PC features in CKD might improve associated bone and mineral disease management, and reduce the risk of metastasis, parathyromatosis, or recurrence. Irradiation, prolonged immunosuppression, long dialysis vintage, and genotype may predispose to the malignant transformation of chronically stimulated parathyroids. Despite postsurgical diagnosis, favorable outcomes occurred when distant metastases were absent, even without “en bloc” resection. Further research is warranted to delineate specific diagnostic and therapeutic approaches tailored to this particular patient subpopulation.
Keywords: parathyroid carcinoma; secondary hyperparathyroidism; chronic kidney disease parathyroid carcinoma; secondary hyperparathyroidism; chronic kidney disease

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MDPI and ACS Style

Bilha, S.C.; Matei, A.; Branisteanu, D.D.; Teodoriu, L.C.; Hristov, I.; Bilha, S.; Leustean, L.; Ungureanu, M.-C.; Apostol Ciobanu, D.G.; Preda, C.; et al. Coincidence or Causality: Parathyroid Carcinoma in Chronic Kidney Disease—Case Report and Literature Review. Diagnostics 2024, 14, 1127. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14111127

AMA Style

Bilha SC, Matei A, Branisteanu DD, Teodoriu LC, Hristov I, Bilha S, Leustean L, Ungureanu M-C, Apostol Ciobanu DG, Preda C, et al. Coincidence or Causality: Parathyroid Carcinoma in Chronic Kidney Disease—Case Report and Literature Review. Diagnostics. 2024; 14(11):1127. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14111127

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bilha, Stefana Catalina, Anca Matei, Dumitru D. Branisteanu, Laura Claudia Teodoriu, Ioana Hristov, Stefan Bilha, Letitia Leustean, Maria-Christina Ungureanu, Delia Gabriela Apostol Ciobanu, Cristina Preda, and et al. 2024. "Coincidence or Causality: Parathyroid Carcinoma in Chronic Kidney Disease—Case Report and Literature Review" Diagnostics 14, no. 11: 1127. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14111127

APA Style

Bilha, S. C., Matei, A., Branisteanu, D. D., Teodoriu, L. C., Hristov, I., Bilha, S., Leustean, L., Ungureanu, M.-C., Apostol Ciobanu, D. G., Preda, C., & Velicescu, C. (2024). Coincidence or Causality: Parathyroid Carcinoma in Chronic Kidney Disease—Case Report and Literature Review. Diagnostics, 14(11), 1127. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14111127

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