Aqueous Humor Cytokines in Idiopathic Epiretinal Membrane: Correlation with Disease Severity
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Imaging and Disease Staging
2.2. Sample Collection and Preparation for Analysis
2.3. Glass-Chip Protein Array Analysis
2.4. Immunoprecipitation and SDS-PAGE Analysis
2.5. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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n | Age Mean ± SD (years) | Gender M/F | Mean Visual Acuity (LogMAR) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
HC group | 14 | 72.2 ± 9.5 | 7/7 | 0.37 ± 0.17 |
iERM subgroup 1 | 4 | 73.0 ± 6.2 | 2/2 | 0.20 ± 0.00 |
iERM subgroup 2 | 4 | 74 ± 1.2 | 3/1 | 0.40 ± 0.35 |
iERM subgroup 3 | 4 | 76.2 ± 1.0 | 1/3 | 0.43 ± 0.22 |
iERM subgroup 4 | 4 | 77 ± 3.8 | 2/2 | 0.50 ± 0.16 |
Cytokine | Cytokine Primary Function | iERM Group Mean ± SD (16 Eyes) | HC Group Mean ± SD (14 Eyes) | p-Value | Statistical Power Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
IL-6 (FI) | PI | 619.50 ± 280.17 | 408.93 ± 206.39 | 0.026 † | 0.76 |
IL-8 (FI) | PI | 402.72 ± 117.33 | 296.07 ± 100.39 | 0.012 † | 0.79 |
MCP-1 (FI) | PI | 572.69 ± 229.93 | 506.36 ± 252.15 | 0.461 † | 0.10 |
MDC (FI) | C | 16.03 ± 3.64 | 15.00 ± 4.21 | 0.482 † | 0.10 |
TARC (CCL17) (FI) | C | 38.09 ± 7.72 | 28.79 ± 8.75 | 0.005 † | 0.85 |
MIP-3a (FI) | PI | 61.28 ± 26.27 | 54.36 ± 19.09 | 0.412 † | 0.11 |
CXCL16 (FI) | C | 440.19 ± 285.44 | 619.29 ± 457.81 | 0.220 † | 0.001 |
FRACTALKINE (CX3CL1) (FI) | C | 94.56 ± 24.81 | 60.07 ± 23.13 | <0.001 † | 0.96 |
GDNF (FI) | GF | 239.97 ± 108.01 | 140.43 ± 73.91 | 0.006 † | 0.80 |
GM-CSF (FI) | PI | 352.38 ± 128.33 | 231.79 ± 100.53 | 0.008 † | 0.78 |
GROa (CXCL1) (FI) | C | 183.56 ± 49.93 | 136.29 ± 38.92 | 0.007 † | 0.79 |
MIF (FI) | PI | 183.81 ± 91.86 | 78.42 ± 80.14 | 0.031 † | 0.89 |
PDGF-AA (FI) | GF | 81.47 ± 37.72 | 107.79 ± 78.40 | 0.267 † | 0.002 |
PDGF-AB (FI) | GF | 279.72 ± 72.35 | 214.29 ± 63.06 | 0.013 † | 0.81 |
PDGF-BB (FI) | GF | 19.91 ± 5.98 | 12.07 ± 2.39 | <0.001 † | 0.99 |
OPN (FI) | PI | 4983.16 ± 3762.79 | 5618.36 ± 1828.35 | 0.555 † | 0.007 |
TGFβ-3 (FI) | PF | 378.69 ± 126.18 | 205.57 ± 105.72 | <0.001 † | 0.97 |
TGFβ-1 (FI) | PF | 269.09 ± 76.93 | 186.71 ± 70.87 | 0.005 † | 0.83 |
TGFβ-2 (FI) | PF | 213.34 ± 53.04 | 153.07 ± 66.89 | 0.012 † | 0.76 |
VEFG A (FI) | PA | 199.56 ± 53.97 | 127.14 ± 48.84 | 0.001 † | 0.96 |
VEGF C (FI) | PA | 91.78 ± 22.35 | 74.50 ± 20.29 | 0.035 † | 0.76 |
VEGF D (FI) | PA | 53.66 ± 16.09 | 30.57 ± 10.82 | <0.001 † | 0.99 |
IL-12p40 (FI) | PI | 129.56 ± 45.91 | 81.64 ± 33.55 | 0.003 † | 0.87 |
PEDF (FI) | GF | 140.03 ± 32.88 | 121.21 ± 36.96 | 0.155 † | 0.29 |
EPO R (FI) | GF | 85.50 ± 31.59 | 50.79 ± 17.64 | 0.001 † | 0.94 |
IL-12p70 (FI) | PI | 125.59 ± 45.28 | 71.43 ± 36.25 | 0.001 † | 0.93 |
Kir 4.1 (OD) | NA | 101.90 ± 5.60 | 98.99 ± 5.49 | 0.207 † | 0.27 |
AQP1 (pg/mg) | NA | 153.64 ± 75.33 | 135.12 ± 59.44 | 0.474 † | 0.10 |
AQP4 (pg/mg) | NA | 47.30 ± 21.27 | 39.31 ± 16.99 | 0.280 † | 0.18 |
AQP9 (pg/mg) | NA | 360.64 ± 185,06 | 281.13 ± 86.31 | 0.144 † | 0.28 |
GFAP (pg/mg) | NA | 69.77 ± 28.62 | 90.35 ± 35.13 | 0.093 † | 0.0003 |
Cytokine | Cytokine Primary Function | Correlation Coefficient |
---|---|---|
IL-6 | PI | 0.85 † |
IL-8 | PI | 0.82 † |
TARC (CCL17) | C | 0.64 † |
FRACTALKINE (CX3CL1) | C | 0.84 † |
GDNF | GF | 0.87 † |
GM-CSF | PI | 0.86 † |
GROa (CXCL1) | C | 0.86 † |
MIF | PI | 0.81 † |
PDGF-AB | GF | 0.81 † |
PDGF-BB | GF | 0.63 † |
TGF-β3 | PF | 0.85 † |
TGF-β1 | PF | 0.78 † |
TGF-β2 | PF | 0.55 † |
VEGF A | PA | 0.79 † |
VEGF C | PA | 0.76 † |
VEGF D | PA | 0.89 † |
IL-12p40 | PI | 0.87 † |
EPO R | GF | 0.03 † |
IL-12p70 | PI | 0.91 † |
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Torresin, T.; Greggio, A.; Frisina, R.; Motta, L.; Gius, I.; Midena, G.; Midena, E. Aqueous Humor Cytokines in Idiopathic Epiretinal Membrane: Correlation with Disease Severity. Diagnostics 2024, 14, 1797. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14161797
Torresin T, Greggio A, Frisina R, Motta L, Gius I, Midena G, Midena E. Aqueous Humor Cytokines in Idiopathic Epiretinal Membrane: Correlation with Disease Severity. Diagnostics. 2024; 14(16):1797. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14161797
Chicago/Turabian StyleTorresin, Tommaso, Angelo Greggio, Rino Frisina, Lorenzo Motta, Irene Gius, Giulia Midena, and Edoardo Midena. 2024. "Aqueous Humor Cytokines in Idiopathic Epiretinal Membrane: Correlation with Disease Severity" Diagnostics 14, no. 16: 1797. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14161797