Multiaxial Fatigue Damage Analysis of Steel–Concrete Composite Beam Based on the Smith–Watson–Topper Parameter
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Program
2.1. Test Specimen Geometry and Material Properties
2.2. Load Bearing-Capacity Calculation
2.3. Loading and Measurement Setup
3. Test Results and Analysis
3.1. Failure Process
3.2. Load–Deflection Curve
3.3. Load–Section Strain Relationship
3.4. Relative Slip
4. Finite Element Analysis
4.1. Establishment of the Finite Element Model
4.2. Constitutive Relation
4.3. Finite Element Results Analysis
4.4. Stress Analysis
5. Fatigue Damage Parameter Analysis
5.1. Critical Damage Plane Method
5.2. Parameter Analysis
6. Conclusions
- (1)
- The fatigue failure process of the steel–concrete composite beams begins with plastic deformation occurring in the welded joints, followed by the concrete slab undergoing hundreds of thousands of fatigue load cycles until the concrete strength reaches its limit and starts to spall until failure.
- (2)
- By integrating experimental data and a nonlinear material constitutive defined by formulas, key positions within the finite element model can be finely modeled, effectively simulating the load–slip curve and stress–strain values of the steel–concrete composite beams. Additionally, the use of finite element simulation provides a more intuitive understanding of those disadvantageous positions that are typically difficult to observe experimentally.
- (3)
- The finite element analysis shows that the shear transfer between components and the welded parts in the shear zone are in a multiaxial stress state, where longitudinal normal stress, vertical normal stress, and shear stress coexist. Observations and calculations of fatigue damage parameters at the most disadvantageous load positions are essentially consistent; thus, using the critical plane method based on SWT parameters to evaluate and predict the fatigue locations of components is reliable.
- (4)
- Fatigue damage parameters indicate that the most disadvantageous loading plane of the experimental beam is in the shear zone, and the stud weld toes, which experience the highest tensile stress, are more susceptible to fatigue cracking compared to the contact surfaces. Setting initial porosity defects, the performance impact caused by them is offset by the various components of the composite beam, with the growth in damage parameters being less than the strength reduction rate. The variation in component porosity has a more significant impact on the overall damage parameters than the pore size, which requires more attention in engineering applications.
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Component | Material | Size Settings (mm) |
---|---|---|
Longitudinal rebar | HPB300 | 8@108 |
Transverse rebar | HPB300 | 6@100 |
Steel plate | Q235 | 2200 × 160 × 10 |
Concrete slab | C40 | 2000 × 600 × 100 |
Stud connectors | ML-15 | 13@80 |
Material | fy (MPa) | fu (MPa) | εy | εu |
---|---|---|---|---|
ML-15 | 440 | 528 | 0.002 | 0.044 |
Q235 | 345 | 450 | 0.002 | 0.052 |
Parameter | Expansion Angle (°) | Eccentricity (%) | fb0/fc0 | K | Viscosity Parameter |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Value | 35 | 0.1 | 1.16 | 2/3 | 0.005 |
Porosity (%) | Specimen Number | Aperture (mm) | fckn/fck | Ecn/Ec |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | K1-0.3 | 0.3–0.6 | 0.957 | 0.962 |
K1-3 | 3–5 | 0.868 | 0.959 | |
K1-5 | 6–8 | 0.834 | 0.945 | |
K1-8 | 8–10 | 0.815 | 0.924 | |
4 | K4-0.3 | 0.3–0.6 | 0.892 | 0.942 |
K4-3 | 3–5 | 0.781 | 0.920 | |
K4-5 | 6–8 | 0.770 | 0.901 | |
K4-8 | 8–10 | 0.764 | 0.888 | |
7 | K7-0.3 | 0.3–0.6 | 0.7955 | 0.878 |
K7-3 | 3–5 | 0.675 | 0.839 | |
K7-5 | 6–8 | 0.651 | 0.801 | |
K7-8 | 8–10 | 0.639 | 0.776 | |
10 | K10-0.3 | 0.3–0.6 | 0.698 | 0.809 |
K10-3 | 3–5 | 0.587 | 0.776 | |
K10-5 | 6–8 | 0.571 | 0.761 | |
K10-8 | 8–10 | 0.564 | 0.748 |
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Wang, D.; Li, N.; Tan, B.; Shi, J.; Zhang, Z. Multiaxial Fatigue Damage Analysis of Steel–Concrete Composite Beam Based on the Smith–Watson–Topper Parameter. Buildings 2024, 14, 1601. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14061601
Wang D, Li N, Tan B, Shi J, Zhang Z. Multiaxial Fatigue Damage Analysis of Steel–Concrete Composite Beam Based on the Smith–Watson–Topper Parameter. Buildings. 2024; 14(6):1601. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14061601
Chicago/Turabian StyleWang, Da, Nanchuan Li, Benkun Tan, Jialin Shi, and Zhi Zhang. 2024. "Multiaxial Fatigue Damage Analysis of Steel–Concrete Composite Beam Based on the Smith–Watson–Topper Parameter" Buildings 14, no. 6: 1601. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14061601