Evaluation of Influencing Factors on the Supply Chain of Prefabricated Buildings under Engineering Procurement Construction Model: A Case Study in China
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Structural Composition of Prefabricated Building Supply Chain under EPC Mode
3. Research Methods
3.1. Analytic Hierarchy Method
3.2. Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method
4. Screening of Influencing Factors of Prefabricated Building Supply Chain under EPC Mode
5. Hierarchical Model Evaluation of Factors Influencing the Supply Chain of Assembled Buildings under EPC Mode
5.1. AHP for Calculating the Weights of Various Indicators
A | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | B7 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
B1 | 1 | 1/3 | 1/2 | 1/3 | 1/2 | 1/3 | 1/2 |
B2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1/2 | 3 |
B3 | 2 | 1/2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1/2 | 3 |
B4 | 3 | 1/2 | 1/2 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 4 |
B5 | 2 | 1/2 | 1/3 | 1/3 | 1 | 1/2 | 2 |
B6 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1/2 | 2 | 1 | 3 |
B7 | 2 | 1/3 | 1/3 | 1/4 | 1/2 | 1/3 | 1 |
B1 | C1 | C2 | C3 |
---|---|---|---|
C1 | 1 | 1/4 | 1/4 |
C2 | 4 | 1 | 3 |
C3 | 4 | 1/3 | 1 |
B2 | C4 | C5 | C6 |
---|---|---|---|
C4 | 1 | 3 | 3 |
C5 | 1/3 | 1 | 1/2 |
C6 | 1/3 | 2 | 1 |
B3 | C7 | C8 | C9 |
---|---|---|---|
C7 | 1 | 1/3 | 2 |
C8 | 3 | 1 | 3 |
C9 | 1/2 | 1/3 | 1 |
B4 | C10 | C11 | C12 |
---|---|---|---|
C10 | 1 | 1/2 | 1/2 |
C11 | 2 | 1 | 1/2 |
C12 | 2 | 2 | 1 |
B5 | C13 | C14 | C15 | C16 | C17 | C18 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
C13 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
C14 | 1/2 | 1 | 1/2 | 1/3 | 1/2 | 1/2 |
C15 | 1/2 | 2 | 1 | 1/2 | 1/3 | 1/3 |
C16 | 1/2 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1/2 | 1/3 |
C17 | 1/2 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 2 |
C18 | 1/2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 1/2 | 1 |
B6 | C19 | C20 | C21 | C22 |
---|---|---|---|---|
C19 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 3 |
C20 | 1/2 | 1 | 1/2 | 2 |
C21 | 1/2 | 2 | 1 | 3 |
C22 | 1/3 | 1/2 | 1/3 | 1 |
Level | Weight | Comprehensive Evaluation Results | Hierarchical Total Sorting | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
B1 (0.06) | B2 (0.21) | B3 (0.17) | B4 (0.19) | B5 (0.09) | B6 (0.21) | |||
C1 | 0.10 | 0.006 | 22 | |||||
C2 | 0.60 | 0.036 | 11 | |||||
C3 | 0.29 | 0.0174 | 17 | |||||
C4 | 0.59 | 0.1239 | 1 | |||||
C5 | 0.16 | 0.0336 | 12 | |||||
C6 | 0.25 | 0.0525 | 7 | |||||
C7 | 0.25 | 0.0425 | 8 | |||||
C8 | 0.59 | 0.1003 | 2 | |||||
C9 | 0.16 | 0.0272 | 13 | |||||
C10 | 0.20 | 0.038 | 10 | |||||
C11 | 0.31 | 0.0589 | 6 | |||||
C12 | 0.49 | 0.0931 | 3 | |||||
C13 | 0.27 | 0.0243 | 14 | |||||
C14 | 0.08 | 0.0072 | 21 | |||||
C15 | 0.09 | 0.0081 | 20 | |||||
C16 | 0.13 | 0.0117 | 19 | |||||
C17 | 0.23 | 0.0207 | 16 | |||||
C18 | 0.19 | 0.0171 | 18 | |||||
C19 | 0.41 | 0.0861 | 4 | |||||
C20 | 0.19 | 0.0399 | 9 | |||||
C21 | 0.29 | 0.0609 | 5 | |||||
C22 | 0.11 | 0.0231 | 15 |
5.2. Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Quantified Value | Meaning |
---|---|
1 | Indicates that two factors are equally important compared to each other |
3 | Indicates that one factor is slightly more important than the other compared to two factors |
5 | Indicates that one factor is significantly more important than the other compared to two factors |
7 | Indicates that one factor is more strongly important than the other compared to two factors |
9 | Indicates that one factor is extremely important compared to the other |
2, 4, 6, 8 | The middle value of the above two adjacent judgments |
reciprocal | If factors i and j are compared, aij, then factors j and i are compared, aij = 1/aij |
Matrix order | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
RI | 0 | 0 | 0.52 | 0.89 | 1.11 | 1.25 | 1.35 | 1.40 | 1.45 | 1.49 |
Category | Influencing Factors | Factor Description | References |
---|---|---|---|
Design phase | Technological innovation capabilities | Refers to new patented technology, standardization and modular design | [15,16,17,18,19,20] |
Design risk aversion | It refers to ensuring the correctness and accuracy of the design and controlling the design changes | [19,20,21,22,23,24,25] | |
Information collaboration capabilities | It refers to the cooperation between it and prefabricated parts manufacturers to make the designed drawings and models meet the production needs of the factory | [19,26] | |
Manufacturer of prefabricated parts | Vendor management | It refers to the maturity and quantity of supplier management, the standardization and standardization process of the factory, etc | [18,21,22,27,28,29,30,31,32] |
Technical competence in the production of prefabricated parts | It refers to the proportion of advanced equipment and facilities of the factory, the level of Integration of Production, and the quality of components | [15,21,23,29,32] | |
The degree of redundancy of components | It refers to the redundant number of factory components, production overcapacity, etc. | [16,17,20,21,27,28,30,33,34,35,36] | |
Procurement phase | Procurement management capabilities | Refers to the impact of procurement management on the performance of general contractors | [22,23,28,29,35,37] |
The degree of redundancy of inventory materials | Refers to the redundant quantity of machinery and transportation lifting equipment | [18,20,23,27,30,33,34,36,38] | |
Inventory cost management capabilities | It means that raw material suppliers, PC component factories and general contractors have their own different management methods, which will lead to high inventory costs | [1,25,37,38,39,40] | |
Ability to collaborate | Refers to the closeness, stability, etc. with the owner and other partners | [5,16,18,20,21,30,34,41,42] | |
EPC General Contractor | Collaborative management capabilities | It means that as the core enterprise, the general contractor’s ability to coordinate the cooperation between all sides | [18,28,31,32,38,43] |
Comprehensive quality of personnel | It refers to the proportion of professional and technical personnel in the project and the construction experience of on-site construction personnel in prefabricated buildings | [15,21,22,25,28,29,32,44] | |
Assembly construction technology and capabilities | It refers to the degree of construction specialization, construction quality and process arrangement | [15,21,22,23,27,29,41] | |
Financial autonomy | It refers to the profitability of enterprise operation and the number of financing channels | [18,23,31,38] | |
Ability to interact with information | It refers to the degree of construction of the information platform of the general contractor, the accuracy and timeliness of information transmission, etc. | [5,18,28,29,34,38,45] | |
Risk response capabilities | Refers to the emergency plan, emergency measures, etc. | [13,18,27,30,38,46] | |
Owner | Strategic decision-making ability of management | Refers to the risk appetite and experience skills of decision makers | [32,47,48] |
Collaborative interaction capabilities | Refers to stability, long-term and level of communication with other partners | [18,34,38,41,42,43] | |
Strong government support | Refers to the government’s promotion mechanism, etc. | [20,45,49,50] | |
Government | Government policies | Refers to relevant government policies and incentive policy documents | [26,51,52,53] |
Relevant standard specifications | It refers to the improvement of government standards and normative systems and related systems | [3,31,49] | |
Supply Chain and Logistics | Supply chain structure quality | It refers to the complexity, rationality of structural settings, stability, etc. of the supply chain | [28,32,34,38,41,44,47,54] |
Supply chain risk contingency capabilities | It refers to the risk early warning mechanism, risk response speed and rationality of risk sharing | [15,18,27,30,36,38,41,44,47,55] | |
Information integration synchronization capabilities | Information integration and communication are key factors in supply chain operations, and real-time visual information is applied to grasp supply chain logistics | [18,27,30,34,38,41,56,57,58] | |
Logistics and transportation support capabilities | Refers to the reliability of logistics companies, transportation costs and delivery rates | [5,15,18,21,25,27,29,38,41] | |
Degree of transport redundancy | Refers to the ability to transport overcapacity | [16,21,27,30,38,59,60] | |
Supervision unit | Regulatory capacity | Refers to the experience and number of personnel of prefabricated building supervision | [20,21,29] |
Subjects | Classify | Frequency (pcs) | Percentage (%) |
---|---|---|---|
Educational level | Master’s degree or above | 19 | 17.76 |
Undergraduate | 77 | 71.96 | |
College | 10 | 9.35 | |
Technical secondary school and below | 1 | 0.93 | |
Unit | Construction unit | 13 | 12.15 |
Constructor | 19 | 17.76 | |
Research institutions | 54 | 50.47 | |
Consulting firms | 6 | 5.61 | |
Other | 15 | 14.02 |
Category | Key Influencing Factors | Category | Key Factors |
---|---|---|---|
Technological innovation capabilities | Procurement management capabilities | ||
Design phase | Design risk aversion | Procurement phase | The degree of redundancy of inventory materials |
Information collaboration capabilities | Inventory cost management capabilities | ||
Vendor management | Strong government support | ||
Manufacturer of prefabricated parts | Technical competence in the production of prefabricated parts | government | Government policies |
The degree of redundancy of components | Relevant standard specifications | ||
Comprehensive quality of personnel | Supply chain structure quality | ||
Risk response capabilities | Supply chain risk contingency capabilities | ||
EPC General Contractor | Ability to interact with information | Supply Chain and Logistics | Information integration synchronization capabilities |
Collaborative management capabilities | Logistics and transportation support capabilities | ||
Ability to collaborate | Supervision | Regulatory capacity | |
Assembly construction technology and capabilities |
Secondary Indicators | High | Relatively High | Medium | Relatively Low | Low |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Technological innovation capabilities (C1) | 2 | 6 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
Design risk aversion (C2) | 3 | 3 | 4 | 0 | 0 |
Information collaboration capabilities (C3) | 2 | 5 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
Procurement management capabilities (C4) | 1 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
Degree of redundancy of inventory materials (C5) | 2 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 0 |
Inventory cost management capabilities (C6) | 2 | 6 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
Vendor management (C7) | 1 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
Technical competence in the production of prefabricated parts (C8) | 4 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Degree of redundancy of components (C9) | 1 | 3 | 5 | 1 | 0 |
Strong government support (C10) | 1 | 4 | 5 | 0 | 0 |
Government policies (C11) | 2 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 |
Relevant standard specifications (C12) | 4 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
Comprehensive quality of personnel (C13) | 1 | 6 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
Risk response capabilities (C14) | 3 | 4 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
Ability to interact with information (C15) | 2 | 6 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
Collaborative management capabilities (C16) | 2 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Ability to collaborate (C17) | 2 | 6 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
Assembly construction technology and capabilities (C18) | 6 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Supply chain structure quality (C19) | 4 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 |
Supply chain risk contingency capabilities (C20) | 3 | 4 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
Information integration synchronization capabilities (C21) | 5 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
Logistics and transportation support capabilities (C22) | 4 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
Regulatory capacity (C23) | 5 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Secondary Indicators | High | Relatively High | Medium | Relatively Low | Low |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Technological innovation capabilities (C1) | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 |
Design risk aversion (C2) | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0 | 0 |
Information collaboration capabilities (C3) | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 |
Procurement management capabilities (C4) | 0.1 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0 |
Degree of redundancy of inventory materials (C5) | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0 |
Inventory cost management capabilities (C6) | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 |
Vendor management (C7) | 0.1 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0 |
Technical competence in the production of prefabricated parts (C8) | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
Degree of redundancy of components (C9) | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0 |
Strong government support (C10) | 0.1 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 |
Government policies (C11) | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0 | 0 |
Relevant standard specifications (C12) | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 |
Comprehensive quality of personnel (C13) | 0.1 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 |
Risk response capabilities (C14) | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 |
Ability to interact with information (C15) | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 |
Collaborative management capabilities (C16) | 0.2 | 0.7 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
Ability to collaborate (C17) | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 |
Assembly construction technology and capabilities (C18) | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
Supply chain structure quality (C19) | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0 |
Supply chain risk contingency capabilities (C20) | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 |
Information integration synchronization capabilities (C21) | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0 | 0.1 | 0 |
Logistics and transportation support capabilities (C22) | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 |
Regulatory capacity (C23) | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
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Gao, J.; Zhao, W.-H.; Liu, W.-H. Evaluation of Influencing Factors on the Supply Chain of Prefabricated Buildings under Engineering Procurement Construction Model: A Case Study in China. Buildings 2024, 14, 1680. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14061680
Gao J, Zhao W-H, Liu W-H. Evaluation of Influencing Factors on the Supply Chain of Prefabricated Buildings under Engineering Procurement Construction Model: A Case Study in China. Buildings. 2024; 14(6):1680. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14061680
Chicago/Turabian StyleGao, Jin, Wan-Hua Zhao, and Wen-Hai Liu. 2024. "Evaluation of Influencing Factors on the Supply Chain of Prefabricated Buildings under Engineering Procurement Construction Model: A Case Study in China" Buildings 14, no. 6: 1680. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14061680