The Relationship Between an Urban Neighborhood Block’s Spatial Form and Its Outdoor Thermal Environment: A Case Study of Changsha

This study adopts neighborhood blocks as the object of study, with the aim of investigating their thermal environment. In addition, the spatial configuration of various lands and the spatial configuration of building combinations are analyzed. The ideal model is then researched, and ENVI−met is used to create a simulation. A statistical analysis reveals a discernible correlation between the direction of the land, the layout of the building plane, floor height, average building height, the building density index, and the thermal environment. However, no such correlation was found between land area, land shape, floor height, and the thermal environment of neighborhood blocks. This study determined that to optimize the thermal environment of neighborhood blocks, it is imperative to construct a 250 m × 150 m road network system during the controlled detailed planning and block design stages. The road network should not run in the south-north direction, and the arrangement of neighborhood blocks should be integrated with urban wind corridors to mitigate the generation of a heat island effect caused by large concentrated residential areas. The combination that increases average building height and reduces building density should be selected, and the building enclosure and layout of ground-floor commercial buildings should be appropriately increased, positioned parallel to the dominant wind direction.