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Article

Short-Term Effects of Cenchrus fungigraminus/Potato or Broad Bean Interplanting on Rhizosphere Soil Fertility, Microbial Diversity, and Greenhouse Gas Sequestration in Southeast China

1
National Engineering Research Center of Juncao Technology, College of Juncao and Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
2
Shunchang Agriculture Science Research Institute, Nanping 353200, China
3
Zhengfang Rural Revitalization and Development Center of Shunchang, Nanping 353216, China
4
Institute of Environmental Microbiology, College of Resource and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Microorganisms 2024, 12(8), 1665; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12081665
Submission received: 17 June 2024 / Revised: 29 July 2024 / Accepted: 6 August 2024 / Published: 13 August 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Soil Microbial Carbon/Nitrogen/Phosphorus Cycling)

Abstract

Cenchrus fungigraminus is a new species and is largely used as forage and mushroom substrate. However, it can usually not be planted on farmland on account of local agricultural land policy. Interplanting Cenchrus fungigraminus with other crops annually (short-term) is an innovative strategy to promote the sustainable development of the grass industry in southern China. To further investigate this, C. fungigraminus mono-planting (MC), C. fungigraminus–potato interplanting (CIP) and C. fungigraminus–broad bean interplanting (CIB) were performed. Compared to MC, soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC), soil organic matter (SOM), ammoniacal nitrogen (AMN), pH and soil amino sugars had a positive effect on the rhizosphere soil of CIP and CIB, as well as enhancing soil nitrogenase, nitrite reductase, and peroxidase activities (p < 0.05). Moreover, CIP improved the root vitality (2.08 times) and crude protein (1.11 times). In addition, CIB enhanced the crude fiber of C. fungigraminus seedlings. These two interplanting models also improved the microbial composition and diversity (Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidota, etc.) in the rhizosphere soil of C. fungigraminus seedlings. Among all the samples, 189 and 59 genes were involved in methane cycling and nitrogen cycling, respectively, which improved the presence of the serine cycle, ribulose monophosphate, assimilatory nitrate reduction, methane absorption, and glutamate synthesis and inhibited denitrification. Through correlation analysis and the Mantel test, the putative functional genes, encoding functions in both nitrogen and methane cycling, were shown to have a significant positive effect on pH, moisture, AMN, SOM, SMBC, and soil peroxidase activity, while not displaying a significant effect on soil nitrogenase activity and total amino sugar (p < 0.05). The short-term influence of the interplanting model was shown to improve land use efficiency and economic profitability per unit land area, and the models could provide sustainable agricultural production for rural revitalization.
Keywords: intercropping; Cenchrus fungigraminus; rhizosphere soil; short-term; methane and nitrogen cycling intercropping; Cenchrus fungigraminus; rhizosphere soil; short-term; methane and nitrogen cycling

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MDPI and ACS Style

Li, J.; Lei, Y.; Wen, Y.; Zhu, J.; Di, X.; Zeng, Y.; Han, X.; Que, Z.; Mediatrice, H.; Rensing, C.; et al. Short-Term Effects of Cenchrus fungigraminus/Potato or Broad Bean Interplanting on Rhizosphere Soil Fertility, Microbial Diversity, and Greenhouse Gas Sequestration in Southeast China. Microorganisms 2024, 12, 1665. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12081665

AMA Style

Li J, Lei Y, Wen Y, Zhu J, Di X, Zeng Y, Han X, Que Z, Mediatrice H, Rensing C, et al. Short-Term Effects of Cenchrus fungigraminus/Potato or Broad Bean Interplanting on Rhizosphere Soil Fertility, Microbial Diversity, and Greenhouse Gas Sequestration in Southeast China. Microorganisms. 2024; 12(8):1665. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12081665

Chicago/Turabian Style

Li, Jing, Yufang Lei, Yeyan Wen, Jieyi Zhu, Xiaoyue Di, Yi Zeng, Xiao Han, Zuhui Que, Hatungimana Mediatrice, Christopher Rensing, and et al. 2024. "Short-Term Effects of Cenchrus fungigraminus/Potato or Broad Bean Interplanting on Rhizosphere Soil Fertility, Microbial Diversity, and Greenhouse Gas Sequestration in Southeast China" Microorganisms 12, no. 8: 1665. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12081665

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