Biosensing Technologies for Detecting Legionella in Environmental Samples: A Systematic Review
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Biosensors as an Alternative Tool to Conventional Methods in the Detection of Legionella
3.1. Bioreceptor Categories
- Nucleic acids
- Enzymes
- Antibodies
- Whole cell bioreceptors
- Biomimetic receptors
3.2. Types of Transducers
4. Optical Biosensors
4.1. Colorimetric
4.2. Photoluminescence
4.3. Chemiluminescence
4.4. Fluorescent Optical Biosensors
4.5. MCDA-LFB Assay
4.6. Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR)
4.7. Photonic Technology
5. Electrochemical Bacterial Biosensors
5.1. Amperometric Biosensors
5.2. Voltammetric Biosensors
5.3. Impedance-Based Biosensors
6. Magnetic
7. Mass-Sensitive Measurements
8. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Transducers | Subtypes | References |
---|---|---|
Optical | Colorimetric | Bedrina et al., 2013 [30], Nuthong et al., 2018 [31], Párraga-Niño et al., 2018 [32] |
Photoluminescence | Islam et al., 2022 [33], Islam et al., 2021 [34], Azyzian et al., 2016 [35] | |
Chemiluminescence | Yoon et al., 2003 [36], Kober et al., 2018 [37] | |
Fluorescence | Martynenko et al., 2019 [38], Wu et al., 2016 [39], Foudeh et al., 2015 [40], Rothenbroker et al., 2021 [41], Eisenreichova et al., 2023 [42], Islam et al., 2020 [43], Delgado-Viscogliosi et al., 2005 [44], Honda et al., 2022 [45], Yamaguchi et al., 2017 [46], Alhogail et al., 2021 [47], Chawich et al., 2022 [48], Curtin et al., 2023 [49], Daneshvar et al., 1999 [50], Lee et al., 2022 [51], Saad et al., 2020 [52] | |
MCDA-LFB assay | Jiang et al., 2022 [53] | |
Surface plasmon resonance | Oh et al., 2003 [54], Oh et al., 2005 [55], Lin et al., 2007 [56], De Lorenzis et al., 2013 [57], Filion-Côté et al., 2014 [58], Foudeh et al., 2014 [59], Foudeh et al., 2015 [60], Melaine et al., 2017 [61], Meneghello et al., 2017 [62], Karimiravesh et al., 2022 [63], You et al., 2020 [64] | |
Photonics | Li et al., 2013 [65] | |
Electrochemical | Amperometric | Martin et al., 2015 [66], Miranda-Castro et al., 2017 [67], Ezenarro et al., 2020 [68], Mobed et al., 2019 [69] |
Voltammetric | Park et al., 2014 [70], Olabarria et al., 2020 [71], Laribi et al., 2020 [72], Rai et al., 2012 [73], Rai et al., 2012 [74], Miranda-Castro et al., 2009 [75], Miranda-Castro et al., 2008 [76], Mobed et al., 2019 [77], Mobed et al., 2019 [78], Mobed et al., 2019 [79], Park et al., 2010 [80], Lee et al., 2010 [81], Lee et al., 2012 [82], Kim et al., 2012 [83] | |
Impedimetric | Lei et al., 2012 [84], Souiri et al., 2014 [85], Sboui et al., 2015 [86], Muhsin et al., 2022 [87], Li et al., 2012 [88], Su et al., 2018 [89], Li et al., 2017 [90] | |
Magnetic | Nikitin et al., 2007 [91], Cebriàn et al., 2018 [92] | |
mass-sensitive measurements | Surface acoustic wave | Gagliardi et al., 2023 [93], Howe et al., 2000 [94] |
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Screpis, G.A.; Aleo, A.; Privitera, N.; Capuano, G.E.; Farina, R.; Corso, D.; Libertino, S.; Coniglio, M.A. Biosensing Technologies for Detecting Legionella in Environmental Samples: A Systematic Review. Microorganisms 2024, 12, 1855. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12091855
Screpis GA, Aleo A, Privitera N, Capuano GE, Farina R, Corso D, Libertino S, Coniglio MA. Biosensing Technologies for Detecting Legionella in Environmental Samples: A Systematic Review. Microorganisms. 2024; 12(9):1855. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12091855
Chicago/Turabian StyleScrepis, Giuseppe Andrea, Andrea Aleo, Natalia Privitera, Giuseppe Emanuele Capuano, Roberta Farina, Domenico Corso, Sebania Libertino, and Maria Anna Coniglio. 2024. "Biosensing Technologies for Detecting Legionella in Environmental Samples: A Systematic Review" Microorganisms 12, no. 9: 1855. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12091855